Pacific Islands Monthly - 1 March 1955

Lengthy Preparations

For:

New Air-Lines for Polynesian Pacific

IT has been demonstrated lately that the establishment of a new air service in the Pacific area is a complicated, costly, and tedious operation.

Samoan Airlines Ltd., like South Pacific Airlines, expected to be in operation many months ago; but the searching official investigation of equipment, finances, and technical facilities apparently has caused de day in owners’ plans.

Samoan Airlines, formed to operate from Pago Pago a regular inter-Samoa service, and an irregular service to other points, reports that Mr. Lawrence M. Coleman (pre sident) was in Washington, DC, in February, working out with the US licensing authorities the final de tails of the schedules of flights.

Palmyra Island is now mentioned as being a regular port of call for this airline. It was stated that Mr.

Coleman was discussing finances in New York with Mr. George W.

Murphy, his vice-president.

From Honolulu, it was reported that Mr. S. Van Burkleo, president of South Pacific Airlines, had left for Christmas Island —the proposed re-fuelling point on the route *to Tahiti—with an engineer, to sur vey the work required on ground facilities there before the service can commence. There were then firm hopes of starting the long-planned Honolulu-Papeete service in April.

Possible alterations in airline schedules in other Pacific areas are reported elsewhere in this issue.

Sharp Fall in Vanilla Price

THERE was a sharp fall in vanilla quotations in Sydney in Feb ruary. The price for Tahiti vanilla, early that month, was 77/per lb for the two best gradings.

Early March, these were quoted at 64/-.

Tahiti exporters were then paying 200 francs per kilo to producers for the raw, unprocessed beans. This is equivalent to about 1,3 - per lb Aus tralian.

A Sydney importer said that the drop apparently was occasioned bv the Papeete exporters having rather large stocks of 1954 season beans on hand. They would wish to clear these before the new season crop appears, in the middle of the year The importer also pointed out, in relation to the price paid to pro ducers, it must be remembered that there is a heavy loss in weight in the curing process—at least 50 ner cent.

A rosewood shield, fashioned by skilled Indian craftsmen, has been presented to the Administration of Papua-New Guinea by the Indian High Commissioner to Australia, General K. M. Cariappa. Its pur pose is to foster art among the native children of the Territory. It will be presented to the best child artist in an annual Territory-wide competition.

A US coast guard plane fll between Kwajalein and John Islands, on January 22, sigi: several life rafts bobbing in Pacific. They contained the s» crew members of a missing Ur: States Navy flying boat. The c guard plane was one of 40 w; took part in the search, t vessels also helped cover an of 102,000 square miles. The vivors had been on the rafts three days.

Tugi Gathers Headlines

In Australian Citi

PRINCE TUGI, of Tonga, Premier of the Kingdom and heir to the Throne, received a bigger “press” than the American crooners in Feb ruary, when he passed through Australia’s cities on the liner Stratheden, on his way to Europe.

He did not seek publicity—on the contrary, the Melbourne newspapers complained that “Tongan Prince strolled in city streets unnoticed,” and that he was “comfortably read ing in his cabin” when eventually tracked down by reporters and photographers.

He achieved the biggest headlines in Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth; and appeared to have been courteous and informative when answering questions. But one got the impression that Tugi could not have cared less.

Prince Tugi’s chief business in

Europe is to complete arrangerr for the construction in Hollam a 500-tons vessel, to maintain c munications and carry copra ir Archipelago.

In London, Tugi will ask British Ministry of Food to an the copra contract, so as to er Tonga to sell a little to Ami and thus earn some Dollars.

Tugi told reporters that favours the encouragemenl private enterprise to construe modern hotel in Nukualofa so e promote visits by tourists (who t in useful funds.) As son of Queen Salote, idc London’s Coronation Crowds, : probably will be lionised in Engl He will try to hide—but you ca: easily conceal a man who is 6 in. tall, and broad in proportic

Tonga’s Leader Entertained in Api[?]

While Prince Tugi, of Tonga, was passing through Apia, Western Samoa, on his way to NZ and Europe, he was entertained at a Taumafataga (special feast) given by Mrs. Leafa Tuilagi Tuihaateiho, wife of Tonga’s Minister of Works.

The feast took place at the home of

High Chief Seumanutafa Moepi of Apia, after Prince Tugi had honoured by the usual ceremo offering of a “Sua Taumafa.”

The photograph shows Pi\ Tugi, Leafa Tuilagi, Seumanu and Faletua, Tulafale “Tui Letu ; Taualai ” of Apia and friends.

Advertisements & other items, p. 16 (1 item)

14

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

May Keep on Fighting

[?]espite Rejection of His Waria Claim

[?]einrich Rudolph Wahlen (75) May Keep on Fighting

LTHOUGH the last of the three claims, made for or on behalf of the L old Waria Syndicate (of the German regime in New Guinea) .for elusive prospecting rights over 5,000 square miles in the Morobe area of • New Guinea mainland, was rejected by Commissioner of Titles, C. P. cCubbery, in Port Moresby on February 14, it is possible that the claim will pursued in a higher court.

The moving spirit in this action Heinrich Rudolph Wahlen, who is a prominent merchant and inter in NG in the German era, fore World War I. He insists at. despite the political and inter tional changes brought about by 0 World Wars, the mining rights acquired from the German ivernment prior to August, 1914, ; still effective.

Vlr. Wahlen is connected by image and in business with a ding family in Sweden, which in •n has strong United States con ctions. The first Waria claim the New Guinea administration s made two years ago by four lerican citizens; the second by a edish national; and the third by ■. Wahlen himself. All now have ;n rejected.

Ir. Wahlen’s claims were made der the New Guinea Land Titles storation Ordinance which was icted to permit re-establishment title records destroyed during the Danese occupation of New inea. ?he Commissioner rejected the im on the grounds that any right way of concessions granted by 1 German Government during i German Administration of New inea ceased to exist in January, 3, when all gold and other tals became government property virtue of the Mining Ordinance New Guinea, 1922. Mr.

Cubbery stated that this was a htful exercise of sovereign power.

It. Wahlen, a venerable and .able figure—he is about 75 years —wrote recently from Hamburg the editor of the PIM, and said t, in pursuance of his Waria im. he was comtemplating an ly visit to Australia.

Lustralian daily newspapers lately re displayed prominently a

highly-coloured account of how Mr.

Wahlen, in the early years of this Century, maintained his famous plantation homestead at Maron, in the Hermit atoll, in the North western Islands.

Huge Area Provisionally

Goes to Syndicate

IN the Papua and New Guinea Gazette of March 3, the Com missioner of Land Titles, in a “Notice Listing Provisional Orders,” announced that “Waria Syndicate or—(a) Heinrich Rudolph Wahlen; (b) Julius Wahlen; (c) The partner ship or firm known as M. M. War burg & Co.; or id) the partnership or firm known as F. Rosenstern & Co., as partners or members of the partnership or firm known as the Waria Syndicate” were “provision ally declared to be entitled on the appointed date (February 14, 1955) to interests provisionally re-estab lished”; and ttie land so “provision ally” allotted is “South-eastern section District of Morobe, from the water-shed of the Francisco River to the border of the Territory of Papua, and from the water-shed of the Tauri River to the said border.”

The Tauri River runs to the Papuan Gulf immediately to the west of the Lakekamu River.

A glance at the map shows that this is a substantial area of country —over 3,000 square miles, westward of the coast, between Salamaua and the Papuan border and south ward of the Bulolo district. The Waria River runs through the southern section of it. Although it is supposed to be reasonably good country, and it has a good port (Morobe) it has never-been developed and settled by Europeans.

[?] avellers per SOOCHOW in February, to right: [?] rs. Arthur Reynolds, with Jane and [?] en, returned to Madang, where Mr. [?] lolds is attached to Commonwealth [?] ks Department. [?] rs. G. Hunt, formerly of Fiji and [?] Iti, made the round trip from Sydney few Guinea. [?] rs. J. Soczynski, and Rostyk (centre), [?] welled by her sister Mrs. Gillan (right) daughter Janice, when she returned [?] adang after vacation.

Hurricane in N. Hebrides

A HURRICANE which had formed in the Rotuma area some days earlier crossed the Loyalties and New Caledonia on March 4-5. It was reported in Sydney as “severe,” and word was received there of at least two small vessels being lost, though without loss of life. One vessel was the luxury 100-ton passenger launch Philante 11, of Noumea, ashore on Lifu, Loyalties; and the other the small vessel, Orion, on a reef somewhere in the New Hebrides.

Phenomenal Weather

The last week of February and first week of March have been re markable for cyclones all over the Southwest Pacific, from the Fiji group westwards to the Queensland coast.

Queensland has been badly dam aged, and accounts of Islands damage are beginning to trickle in.

Council In

P-Ng Legislative

Important Sittings

THE Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea will meet on March 27.

This will be a long and import ant meeting. Several Ordinances of considerable importance to the future of the Dual Territory will be considered —some designed to tidy up the existing laws, and some in troducing new measures.

It is probable that the sittings of the Council, on this occasion, will extend over a fortnight.

New Pacific Trading Co.

A SMALL group of Sydney busi ness men has formed and registered Mackay Pacific Limited, of 215 Clarence Street, Syd ney, with a view to engaging in the South Pacific Islands trade. It already has a depot in Bth Avenue, Lae, New Guinea, and it proposes to extend its operation. Mr. Stanley H.

Bussell is chairman of directors.

This registration is the result of a tie-up with the trading organisa tion formed by Mr. Colin Mansell, named Mackay Kerry Pty. Ltd.; but it was announced late in February that Mr. Mansell will not be con nected with Mackay Pacific Limited.

Advertisements & other items, p. 17 (1 item)

15

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Discriminate Against

pp. 18-151

Why Do NZ and Australia Discriminate Against Islands Dares?

A FEW weeks ago a well known merchant of Tahiti sought the usual “permit” to enable him to travel to Western Samoa (which is under New Zealand rule). His father was Swedish; his mother was half-American and half- Polynesian. So the appropriate official in Tahiti (representing British interests) made him “go through the hoop” as a person of mixed blood who may not easily enter the sacred precincts of New Zealand. Another Tahiti resident, desiring to travel about the same time, and also possessing a strain of excellent Polynesian blood, was similarly “screened.”

Both gentlemen got their permits —but only after a humiliating ex perience which —quite understand ably—has set them to savagely curs ing the name of New Zealand.

Some little time ago, a well known and highly esteemed resident of Fiji arrived in Auckland, with a relation.

He is part-European, part-Fijian.

The Fijian part comes from a major princely line. The New Zealand snub-nosed clerk in the Customs- Immigration reception office looked at his papers, and at him. “Wot are you doing in this line?” he de manded. “Get over there among the natives. ’ The young gentleman apparently held natives in con tempt.

Linotype operators are highly skilled technicians. Some time ago, a Queensland newspaper engaged an operator who had been trained in Fiji, and was rated first-class.

But he was half-Fijian; and when the discerning gentlemen of Aus tralia’s Immigration Department examined his papers, they refused to allow him to settle in Australia— he was rated “undesirable.”

We could cite countless other ex amples of this kind of race discrim ination-incidents which have en gendered in the hearts of a gener ally good class of citizen a bitter hatred of New Zealand and Aus tralia and their stupid, inelastic laws governing immigration.

THESE examples deal with per sons of mixed blood. In almost every case, the person concerned has raised - trained and educated as a European, and knows oniy Eruopean status and condi tions There are thousands of such people in the Islands; and, in the Islands, they are accepted by Euro fon th^ ir merits as citizens, without question. These people, and them European friends as well, are startled and shocked when it is sug gested by officialdom that their

Islands’ blood may make them un desirable as citizens of Australia or New Zealand.

Full-blooded Islanders, of course, know what to expect. They can enter these countries only under strict surveillance, and they may not remain indefinitely unless they receive a special permit, after careful screening. The average Islander just takes it. But the educated Islander, accustomed to European standards of life, know ing no reason why his race should be considered inferior, does not accept the insulting system kindly.

And who can blame him.

IN Fiji, and in the countries of Polynesia, as a result of our administration systems, deliber ately planned, a large and growing proportion of the indigenous people are literate: a proportion of them are acquiring property; and, natur ally, an increasing number of them desire to travel. Their friendliness to us, the Europeans who have in troduced them to Western ways, is marked.

But how much longer will that happy relationship continue if we leave those absurd immigration laws where they are? There should have been a revision right after World War 11, which had a profoundly disturbing socio-political effect on the Islanders generally. But all the bureaucrats—who, since the decay of the Parliamentary system lowered the standard of politically elected persons, have operated most governmental machinery—have run away from the problem.

AUSTRALIA is the major sinner.

At the first suggestion of a re vision of the immigration laws, there is a wild squawk from the shoddy press: “The White Australia is threatened!”—and politicians and bureaucrats skip for cover.

The “White Australia Policx not colour or racial discriminai in the usual sense—it is simp measure of self-preservation, realist can quarrel with it, Asia is frightfully overcrov with a type of people whose li standards are not comparable ours. If the doors of these en desirable lands in Australia, Zealand and the Pacific IslJ were opened, the communities Europeans (and Islanders) soon would be overwhelmed anc terminated. The “Policy” mus

maintained indefinitely.

But the barrier raided ags Islanders (especially Fijians Polynesians), and persons of rr blood, by Australia and New land is in an entirely diffe category. If every Islander in e group (including the li millior New Guinea, who are most uni; to leave home any time this of 2,000 AD) were allowed to g Australia and New Zealand at neither racial nor economic bal. would be in the least de threatened.

A few years ago, the PIM repc an incident that showed how ab and illogical are these immigrs laws. Having been instructed Samoans, Tongans, Fijians ; similar Islands races were ba: the conscientious officials of . tralia put the same barrier ags the New Zealand Maoris. The Ms (like the Samoans and Tong; are Polynesians; and a large growing proportion of them educated and live as Europeans But (unlike Samoans Tongans) the Maoris have an portant voice in New Zeai politics. When they found th selves held up as “natives” in ± tralia’s ports of entry, they how their howls were treated with g respect by NZ bureaucrats; am no time at all immigration which Australia applies aga Islanders were removed so fa:.

NZ Maoris are concerned.

That happened several years There has been no increase im number of Maoris settled in ±

(Continued on page 149

[I Continued From Page 16 1

■alia. But other Islands races still •e barred.

The administration of New Zea nd s laws against Islands races is larper and harsher than that of ustralia, although the principle ems to be the same. lUT no one does anything about I it. Probably, nothing will be done until someone discovers at agents of the Mongolian Reds e at work among the Islands folk 10, through this racial discrimina m. have learned to hate the guts Australia and New Zealand. It II be too late then.

Why cannot both countries (who Dscribe brains and money for tne uth Pacific Commission, designed lift the standards of life and Itivate the friendship of Islands >ple) put all the Islands people w served by the South Pacific mmission on the same basis, for migration purposes, as Euro ins? No institution in Australia New Zealand would be en igered, and we thus would ensure friendship and goodwill of the inds people. . set of old New Guinea Gazette, ering the historic 1914-18 period, been left at PIM office by Mr.

F. V. Saunders. Any institution jrested ?

New Eastern Samoa Political Leader

p. 18

Left to right—- Chief Tuiteh Leone, newly el* President of Senate; Hon. At Mulitauaopele, woman in the L. lature of Amei' Samoa, who defe four male candidf and presented husband with a i child (and first 10 days later: the new Speakes the House, S oe Petero of 7 Manu’a.—Photo: Prints.

Advertisements & other items, p. 18 (1 item)

16

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

All Mark Iv Solents

p. 19

Disruption of Services As

Grounded

Suva, Feb. 28.

IHERE was a pile-up of air . passengers in Western Samoa and Tahiti late in February, hen all Mark IV Solent flying »ats were grounded without warn g all over the world. This dis pted TEAL’S Fiji-Tahiti service.

It was suddenly discovered that e Mark IV Solents contain similar etal to that in the Comets—all which were grounded last year ter three had crashed, apparently the result of metal fatigue.

Only Mark IV Solents are affected Mark Ill’s are in the clear. Only SAL and Aquila air services, in the irld, have Mark IV’s—and it is the jasure of Aquila’s bad luck that it gently bought three Mark IV’s

>M Teal.

FEAL has one Mark 111 in re •ve in NZ. While this is being b ready for service, TEAL borrowed Qantas Sandringham which *ived in Suva on Feb. 27; and it s gone on to-day to Samoa to ng back stranded TEAL passeng i from there. jater this week, this Sandringham ly go to Tahiti to bring Coral ute passengers from there to Fiji, transhipment to NZ.

Earch For

p. 19

Predator

HE South Pacific Commission re ports that Mr. T. V. Venkatra man is pursuing, in India and ith-east Asia, his task to locate atisfactory predator as a counter the South Pacific rhinoceros tie problem. nakes, lizards and various tnals have been found which live the rhinoceros beetle, but none suitable for introduction to the ,nds. tost hopeful possibility at pre t appears to be two varieties of ;e beetle; but they will will have be closely studied before there be any thought of putting them vork in the Pacific. ir. Gerald Patterson has joined Medical Service as a dental ;er. Mr. Patterson was born in and educated in New Zealand, recently graduated from Sydney versity with the degree of helor of Dental Science. He Tied a Sydney girl immediately •r to his return to Fiji.

RSL Gets a Scolding After Jap Wreath Incident

pp. 19-20

Monsoonal Bad Temper in Lae

THE hot weather, too many Japanese around, official oversensitiveness to criticism, and an incident where a simple curator , . Z allowed his zeal to override his diplomacy—all these contributed to a deplorable public exhibition of bad temper in Papua-New Guinea during

February.

P-NG’s average citizens, with still vivid memories of atrocities committed during the 1942-43 Jap occupation, did not like the spectacle of the official Japanese party going through in January-February, tidying up their war-dead cemeteries and retrieving their soldiers’ remains for re-burial in Japan.

But all was quiet until they reached Lae. Then there was an unfortunate “incident.”

The Jans on Pphmarv 16 nskpH Dis^ict Ja Comrnissioner ai Niall’s & mission to place a wreath on the memorial in the Australian War Cemetery at Lae. Mr. Niall agreed, and accompanied the Japanese party to the memorial.

Then the cemetery Curator, Mr.

E. Bryson, arrived and asked who had given permission for this to be done.

The DC said he gave permission.

Mr. Bryson said (Mr. Niall not concurring) he was sure the head of the Australian War Graves Commission (Brigadier Brown) would not consent. He ordered the Japanese party to leave the cemetery.

When the officials had departed, somewhat embarrassed, Mr. Bryson

removed the wreath from the Cross Remembrance and took it into his house, nearby. non, wen displayed in Australia. in Melbourne, Brigadier Brown denied any responsibility—this was a matter for the government, he said, not for the War Graves Com mission. branch of the RSL met and adopted condemning the / or +£ eir taking a cemetery, and supporting Curator Bryson, , , .

Saturday, February 26, the V/ Administrator (Brigadier D.

Cleland) at Lae, formally opened th ® J th Congress of the Territory RSL. He was sharply critical of certain RSL activities arxd tbexx he

fnHHpnt j l . llO wreath

m cident in these terms.

“I now refer to . . . the published attitude, if not of the League, at least of one Sub-Branch, to the Japanese Mission and the laying of a wreath.

“Those utterances which were made here in this town just over a fortnight ago were irresponsible, ill-conceived and in extremely bad taste. Furthermore, the removal of the wreath after the ceremony was an act for which there was and is no excuse.

“It is conceivable that the person who removed the wreath did not act entirely of his own volition but was encouraged by the vociferous

utterances of a small minority who knew not what they were doing.

“If there are people in this community who are so small minded, so full of hate, and lacking in general decorum and decency, to think up those statements and do what they did, then the Territory has no place for them.

“It is to the credit of many right thinking citizezns that those senti ments and that act were immedi ately repudiated in no uncertain terms.

“The visit of the Japanese Mission was arranged on the highest level and therefore it has the highest significance. It was a reasonable and honourable gesture for the Mission to pay a tribute on behalf of its Government, and it was a right and proper thing for my offiers to accompany them as they did.

“I desire it to be very clearly and definitely known that the Admini stration deeply deplores those ir responsible utterances and actions.”

The RSL did not accept the Ad ministrator’s strictures kindly, inso far as they referred to the League’s officials.

In a formal press release made after the Administrator’s address, the League said that it had nothing whatever to do with the removal of the wreath —it knew nothing of the incident, officially or non-officially, until four hours after it had occurred.

Editorial Comment

SEEN from a distant point like Sydney, there appear to have been faults all round.

If the Western Powers had not been anxious to line Japan up with the West against the Red bloc, Australia probably never would have allowed this Japanese War Graves Mission to enter New Guinea and. by its presence, give offence to the civil population which the Japanese invaders tortured in 1942-43.

If the Japanese had had any sense of the fitness of things, they would have stayed away from the cemetery, where lie thousands of

young Australians —slain because the greedy and ruthless Japanese attacked us in 1942, without rhyme or reason. They did not make war like honourable men, or observe the rules of war.

The Curator in Lae, and the RSL men who supported him, were quite wrong, officially; but who can blame them. If the Administrator, in administering his scolding, had recognised that the average P-NG citizen is not a diplomat, but a man moved by plain and simple con siderations, he would have used language a little less harsh.

The RSL has been, for years, a merciless critic of Administration tardiness and bureaucratic aloof ness, especially in relation to land and settlement affairs. Was His Honour not taking the chance to get some of his own back, in reply to RSL pin-pricking, rather than deal ing .only with the unfortunate “wreath incident”?

New Sport Comes to Samoa

p. 19

Once a week, 20 or more enthusiasts gather at the home of Barry Puklowski to [?] ractice the art of fencing. The Samoan, with natural grace and a keen eye, is a born sportsman; and Mr. Puklowski, an

experienced fencer, has high hopes for some of his pupils. In the picture, from left to right, are Mr. Puklowski,Eti Tiat, Mrs. Puklowski, Rae Lou Glon and Michael Fish.

Advertisements & other items, p. 19 (1 item)

17

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Four Jap Soldiers Come Out

p. 20

of NG Jungle

THOSE who ridiculed the idea that Jap servicemen from World War II were still hiding in the interior of New Guinea were confounded in February, when four Jap airmen were found in Dutch New Guinea, arrested near Hollandia, and were put aboard the Jap War Graves ship in Wewak for return to Japan.

They said a party of about 40 arrived in R.abaul in 1943, and were sent to Wewak, to go thence to Hollandia. American attacks dis located their transport, and 28 were drowned when they were trying to cross rivers on logs. Twelve reached Vanimo (near the border); then they took to jungle trails: eight died of disease: the remaining four had lived among the Dutch NG natives for ten years, making occasional sneak visits to Hollandia to see if the Jap navy had yet arrived there.

The survivors said there were other parties of Japs living with the natives, deeper in the jungle.

In Papua

p. 20

Oil Borehole Nearly Three Miles Deep

TOURING February, the Austral- S S 1a’ K Which fer oil irf Parma 1 bo 1 (immediatelv P below 8 ?3 74n fpotw ummeaiareiy oeiow 13,740 feet) in Omati No. 1 bore where “gas cutting of the mud and high pressure was originally encountered ” last year. ’

It will be remembered that when wi? I 7 e ‘"®L l ri eaC i?, e A in 1954 there whole of the k ririiw b^ St f nd the

has been eagerly awaited.

The Co. reported: “The well pre duced small quantities of gas. Drill mg is being continued. The hole has been deenened from 18 780 fppi to 14 222 Sf P t P ” ° * 13,780 ma y be noted that 14,222 feet represents a depth only 1,600 feet short of three miles.

The Co.'s other bore in the same area—Omati No. 2—is now down to “* * Pr ° Ceed -

‘Pidgin’

p. 20

Important Step In

Native Education

Official Move to[?] ‘Pidgin’

AT long last, the Administrat) of Papua and New Guineas taking an official stand in lation to the use of Pidgin EnglJ (See article on page xx of t issue).

The Advisory Committee Languages, appointed by the Edu tion Advisory Board, met in E Moresby on February 14 and read some important conclusions.

It was asked to make recc mendations on what should be language of instruction in na, schools, and on the f ormation. a basic spelling system for langua employed in the Territory. Ot: allied subjects presented for c: sideration included methods teaching in the vernacular; methi of teaching English; the most st able media of instruction in Dual Territory; the preparation vernacular primers and simj material.

A considerable quantity material bearing on these speec had been prepared by the Deps ment of Education and was broui before the Advisory Commit: which comprised: Chairman, Director of Educat: Mr. W. C. Groves; Mrs. M. R; Unevangelised Fields Mission, L Kutubu; Mrs. H. S. Draper, At tralian Baptist Foreign Miss:.

Lumi; Mrs. E. F. Wilson, Method Mission, Mendi; Rev. L. Luzbel Catholic Mission, Banz; Rev.

Heist, Lutheran Mission, Lae.

The recommendations of the Co mittee include the following: Pidgin English should be tau in all areas in the Dual Territt were English is not known. For i purpose Pidgin English must adopted officially, as its abolit. is impractical.

Instruction books, incl u d ii standard grammar and dictionj should be prepared, printed and < tributed as soon as possible.

A formal statement read: “We regard the teaching of E; lish as an educational objective the highest importance. Liter;' either in a vernacular or in Pidf should be regarded as a prelimirr to literacy in English, and noti a substitute.”

It is reported that the Administ; tion is generally in favour of th recommendations. t In a by-election occasioned by recent death of M. Albert Leboucc his son (M. Georges LeboucW was elected to the Assemblee T] toriale of French Oceania, in H ruary. The voting was Lebouo 1,568, Taura 1303, and Lorfevre

Advertisements & other items, p. 20 (1 item)

18

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH 11

Ans Suva's

p. 21

Of Hotels And Tourists

Bottle-Neck

From Judy Tudor

Suva, Feb. 28.

rOURIST -minded Suva’s Grand Pacific Hotel (the one-and nly) does not have a dinner-gong ny longer. An Indian beats a lali— hollowed-out log—in New Guinea : is called a garamut.

This, doubtless, is believed to be ne of those things “tourists just >ve”—that and the hisbicus flower hich threatens to become Fiji’s ational emblem, “Fiji just has everything”—say the 'ourist wallahs. Everything, of ourse, except enough first-class otels, particularly in Suva. And util this is remedied the local iiirist industry can never be iundly based.

The South Seas Hotel is still in nbryo—left off where the earth lake hit it about 18 months ago. is understood that work will re mmence shortly, but on a much ss pretentious style than origin ly planned.

However, there is something going i at the old Club Hotel Bar which is set up in the ground floor as on as the ground floor shell was mplete, but licence of which was thdrawn some time ago, pending iprovements to the premises. Even len the licence is restored it will t help the tourist industry. What va wants is more bedrooms, not )re beer bars. kway out on the Lami side of va, on a small flat island that will joined to the mainland by a useway, other interests have osen the site of another tourist tel. No work of any kind has hmenced on this yet.

U the end of February, Mr. Sam ;rcer, an American who covers blicity for travel associations ling travel in the Pacific area id a short visit to Suva on his y back from the Regional travel iference in New Zealand. jocal Travel Top Brass enter ned him at a reception at the and Pacific Hotel and talked vel as it applies to Fiji. No srs were heard from anyone pre it, however, to put up the £250,000 :essary to build the tourist hotel it will get Suva out of its accom dation bottleneck. leantime —whether everyone likes Dr not—and some of them don’t iji has an increasing tourist in ;try. The antis say that the busi ;s benefits the few—tourist mcies, airlines and the Indians o run the souvenir shops and 'Vide the various services. The

Fijians—who are the props of the Tourist stage—benefit little. All very true, of course. But the industry could probably do without even these props.

The average tourist apparently does not know the difference be tween an Indian and a Fijian. They get just as much kick from watch ing an Indian beat the lali in the GPH as they would when seeing a Fijian doing it.

And, what is more, they have it right there in their own hotel — haven’t got to go out into a Fijian village looking for it.

As far as the American tourist goes, the local Europeans look upon them as part of life’s entertain ment. Eating habits are particularly intriguing. They tackle “fruit com pote” enthusiastically—only to be horrified when, like as not, it turns out to be canned plums. They are amazed at the frequency with which hot mutton and steamed puddings appear on the menu. They “just love tropical fruit,” and shopping for souvenirs—and are hung about with colour and 3-D cameras.

But they expect a dollar’s worth for their dollar and have taught the South Pacific that the only Ameri can millionaires who throw money about in bundles are those who were in the armed services, 1942-45.

There are many Americans pass ing through the Colony by air at present. Most of them are on world tours and stop off for a day or so to “do” Fiji. There are few New Zealanders at this season—their turn comes in the Southern winter.

Historic Monument Preserved by Co-operation

p. 21

The Cautain Cook monument stands amidst tropical growth beside the blue waters of Kealakekua Bay, on the “big island" of Hawaii. The monument was recently repaired by the British Govern ment according to specifications prepared

by Vacuum Oil Company’s chief con structional engineer, Mr. A. M. Old, who learned quite by chance of the condition of the memorial to the Pacific’s most famous navigator.

Pacific Volcanoes Active

p. 21

Along Fault-Line

THE Pacific “fault-line,” that trail of volcanoes which extends from Japan through the Philippines and East Indies to New Guinea, the New Hebrides, Tonga and New Zea land, appears to have been more active than usual in recent months.

New Guinea reported, in February, further minor eruptions in the St.

Andrews Strait area south of Manus, and in the Lake Loloru region of southern Bougainville.

At about the same time a Jap anese fishing vessel reported a violent submarine eruption east of the Philippines: and Tonga re ported that its intermittent per former, Falcon Island —which has been eroded to well below sea-level for some years—was again in eruption, and was building up early this year.

In New Zealand, Mt. Ngauruhoe and White Island (off the east cost of the North Island) have been performing at intervals for some time past. t Mr. Harry Gladstone, a Victorian gold prospector, passed through Port Moresby south-bound early March with £15,000 worth of gold which he had gathered on Misima Island, Eastern Papua, in 22 months. He said he had beeen lucky in striking a rich pocket of 1,000 ounces of fine gold.

Advertisements & other items, p. 21 (1 item)

19

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

The Editors' Mailbag

pp. 22-127

No Wheel, But

Much Union Tyranny

Story of the war-time Liberty ship which lost its wheel en route to Pitcairn Island brings an in teresting note from William F.

Angell, of Detroit, who then was actually Base Field Director of American Red Cross at Wellington, NZ, and dealt with the matter: Early in the war, a group of Pit cairners were taken to NZ, for safety; and, at end of 1943, USA and NZ agreed to send them home.

They were put on a Liberty ship going to Boston, to be offloaded at Pitcairn, en route. Signal came, one Saturday, that the ship was wallowing, without a wheel, 600 miles NE.

Officials decided to equip and send the Union SS Co ’s harbour tug im mediately; but the Seamen’s Union and watersiders, arrogant and time wasting, would let nothing move until officialdom had agreed to rates of pay and living conditions on the tug. (Those were the days of the Socialist Government, when NZ maritime workers —like those in Australia to-day—had a strangle hold on all NZ ports—a set-up that was subsequently smashed by the present NZ Government.) Twelve days later—about two days before Xmas—the tug returned with the cripple. A fast destroyer had arrived from Honolulu with another wheel. Officialdom decided to allow the now wretched Pitcairners to camp on the ship, and to hurry the ship into dry dock.

But they planned without the trade unions. “Nay, nay,” said the labour Czars, “this is holiday time, y’know.” The Americans reminded them, in vain, that it also was war time. The gallant shipwrights would not touch a tool until after Janu ary 14. So the much-needed ship lay there for 3 weeks; the tug crew had a very good time with their fat, unexpected cheques; and the Pit cairners ate their meals on the freighter’s deck—not enough room below.

Whence Came the

Iron Curtain'?

A correspondent in Samoa asks if anyone can tell him the origin of the term “Iron Curtain .”

Yes, it so happens that the PIM Editor can remember the first use 9„. Pkr** B6 - ,It was coined by Wmston Churchill, and was first used by him about 1947 when mak ing a public address in a city some where in the United States. I was listening to a broadcast of the Grand Old Man’s speech, and I re marked on the aptness of the phrase he used to describe the

barrier which the Reds had erected right across Europe.

Churchill was out of office then, and Attlee and his poor little gang were stumbling around in West minster. They were more concerned with the supply of free spectacles to the English poor, and the ex penditure of 30 million pounds on the peanut fiasco in Africa, than with Moscow’s sinister plan to en slave the world. But Churchill, right from 1945, was deeply conscious of the danger; and in the American speech I refer to, he gave it sub stance and a name.

“Bamboo Curtain” was an inevit able development in newspaper headings, after Moscow got control

of China.-

Glamour and Reality

It was bound to happen. A

charming correspondent in New

castle, NSW, has turned her lyrical

verse to “The Fijian Footballers”: They came to us from far across the sea, From languorous isles, that once in dark ness lay.

Until the stoic missionaries paved A road of love along the jungle way.

And here they stood, the truth before our eyes, Resulting from that blood and sacrifice.

They sang the praise of God in faith sincere, And preached the love of God, for all to hear.

They won their football games, played swift and clean, And gave a witness, too, upon the green, Of simple decency and true concern For fallen brothers. And may we too learn!

Joyce E. Erikson.

37 Ridgeway Rd., Newcastle, NSW.

The modest little poem reached us just after we had read the news papers’ account of how the lads who “trod a road of love along the jungle way” reacted to some rather dirty work in their last big match in Sydney.

One is happy to know that, under all this glamour and piety, our Fijian friends are strongly and lovably human.

Wanted, A Few

Sunken Ships!

Do you know of any sunken ships which, salvaged, might turn into money? If so, write to Mr. Robert Marx, Division of Special Services, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.

Usa.

Mr. Marx is a deep-sea diver, and is making plans to sail out to the South Pacific Islands later this year, to try to salvage “any ships that seem promising.” He will pay “hard money” for any charts, maps, or

sound local information which in lead him to a profitable ship.

Scores of ships worth attentj were lying around the Islands the end of the War, but eve thing accessible probably since I received attention. However, th may be a few off the beaten trai which will interest Mr. Marx, wrote to the PIM at the suggest of Mr. Tom Gilliard, of New Yc who is famous here for his w 1 among Birds-of-Paradise in I* Guinea.

Problem of Fin's

Mongrel Cattle

“Those stud Hereford bulls ing imported to Fi.ii by CSR terests are not the first stud He fords taken into that Color writes Mr. K. P. Wright, of Loms Quirindi, NSW.

He goes on that his father s he, then raising cattle and shi at Rasikulu, Negrara, Fiji, in 1J imported two Hereford bulls fr the famous stud farm at Tocal, ni Maitland, NSW. One died wit'; a couple of years, but the otl over a long period, added a gres improved strain to the cattle in Sigatoka district.

Mr. Wright says it is not easy improve the mongrel Fiji cattle: mixture of every breed on ear simply by bringing in good be The farmer gets a sharp improt ment in the first generation or U but then, unless the process systematically continued, quali tapers off again.

He thinks the CSR people, hav' the resources, may achieve son thing worth while. Mr. Wright a noted breeder of Herefords— has received up to 1,500 guineas a bull.

No Fiji-Indians

For SW Pacific

A valued correspondent in I s : Hebrides believes that Sir Ron Garvey’s plan to provide New Cs donia and the Condominium w Fiji-Indian labour is still-born, cause the business heads in K Caledonia will not have it; and employers in NH, for the reasc given hereunder, want Indo-Chin (despite political difficulties) rati than Indians: • We want married couples. ! we understand that Indian won will not work, while Indo-Chin women will. Women are expea to perform light chores, such j pick coffee-berries, clean cocoa-bes on driers, weed plantations. C" stant care is needed to keep plan tion clean and we find that thin expensive, with men at high wa,'j •It wou 1 d be waste of moneys provide free passages for worn and children if women were to main idle—apart from the trou

(Continued on Page 123)

bey cause by sitting about, pre armg unpleasant tiffs for the tired lenfolk. We have had such ex erience with the idle women of arious races—they are all alike. • What you say about troubles ith Asiatics because of failure to ‘patriate at end of contracts, is lire true. We know how our un ipatriated local Tonks became free jents and nuisances.

The French Resident (Kuter) in ila at the time, was responsible r granting Tonks their ireedom. du can imagine how we planters »jected—but to no avail, as their uce (then) was of little import ice. To-day, with the now strong ople’s Syndicate Agricole, matters we been, and will continue to be, uch improved.

ore Of Them

Margaret Schenke), aged 13, of 22 fin Avenue, Wilston, Brisbane, Q., ps she wants pen-friends in Fiji, moa, Tonga or Norfolk Island, e reads books and collects stamps.

>ats —and the

ficial Mind

7 rom a naive reader in the \omon Islands: Is it true that we now have to V Australian duty on British 'tors, if they are installed in our itor-vessels while the latter are ng constructed in Australia? If s is so, Australian boat-builders ■ going to lose some Pacific mds trade. If I want a British- It motor, surely I am entitled to ic it, whatever the bureaucrats in aberra may think. Why should lave to pay this special tax to stralia, for the privilege of get -1 my boat built in Australia?”

Ipon which we make answer: t is true. We cannot understand working of the official mind. 2 idea apparently is to protect >tralian motor-makers against tish competition. But Australian tors should be able to stand on ir own merits, without this kind ‘protection.” In thus protecting Australian motor-maker, the -idea’d bureaucrats are driving iy from Australia some valuable t-building business. These are exact terms of the official ukase :ned on December 20, 1954 in iberra, by the Acting Comp ler-G ene r a 1 of Trade and toms): You are advised that drawback iuty cannot be allowed on im ved engines, installed in vessels export, unless conclusive evid r w produced to show that mes of Australian manufacture not suitable for the purpose re 's d.

“However, drawback of duty would he allowed on imported engines exported as cargo provided that there is compliance with the provisions of Customs Regulations.”

The latter par means that you can avoid the tax if you get your boat built here, and ship it away as cargo, with the engine (British) as a separate bit of cargo, to be in stalled in the boat outside of Aus tralian waters!!

Another ‘Copra King’

Having tried out his original “Copra King” copra-cutting machine in actual plantation work in New Guinea and Fiji, Mr. Tom Marshall went back to Burbank, California, last year and (he writes) consider ably modified the invention.

Where, before, the nut was split into two pieces, it now is cut into at least four sections. In this new method of splitting, the meat of the nut is generally loosened, and either falls from the shell of its own accord, or is easily detached by a hand tool. In consequence, no powered tool for use on the nut after it is split is provided.

In the original model, four powered tools, like an elongated spoon and worked on the principle of the pneumatic drill, were at tached around the machine, so that operators standing beside the nut splitter could pick up the half nuts

and remove the meat by pressing them upon the pneumatic diggers.

This part of the original machine now is abandoned —the machine only splits four ways, as described, and the rest is done by hand-tools.

Writing on January 2, Mr. Marshall said that orders for the new machine were in from the various coconut-growing countries, and the machine was “in production.”

The Palolo Rising—

Another View

Moonshine, not moon-pull, is the factor which controls the rising of the Palolo —that, at least, is the finding of two American scientists who investigated the theory put forward by Augustin Kraemer (quoted in February PIM). A writer, since the PIM article appeared, has referred us to an article which appeared some years ago in I. W. T.

Munro’s interesting nature column in Auckland Star.

Kraemar believed that the critical factor which caused the Palolo to “release its tail” was the long ex posure of the reef to sunshine, caused by a very low tide, caused, of course, by the relative positions of sun and moon at a certain time each month. We now quote Mr.

Munro: “Early scientists, sceptical about any mystical link between the moon

and a coral worm, suggested that the moon’s influence was indirectly exerted through the tides; but it was proved that tides had little to do with the Palolo’s swarming.

“Studying the closely allied Atlantic species, which similarly swarm annually in the West Indies, two American biologists, Professor L. Clark and Professor W. Hess, eventually discovered the true link between the moon and the coral worm. It is, literally, moonshine.

“Moonlight reaches a maximum intensity of 0.02 foot-candles at full moon, a foot-candle being the illum ination produced on a surface at a distance of one foot from a standard candle, the surface being perpen dicular to the direction of propaga tion of the light. At the quarter, the moon is only one-tenth as bright.”

The American investigators found that the Atlantic palolo retreats into the darkness of its burrow when the light exceeds 0.01 foot candles, but moves out when the light is less than that. When the sexual portions break off, however, these are attracted to light.

“After the annual swarm, it takes the worms between 353 and 369 days to become sexually mature. At the first quarter moon after they have become mature, they spawn; but, as the moon waxes, its light keeps them in their burrows, while more and more of them mature. Then the moon wanes, until, at the quarter again, the moonlight is just weak enough to attract instead of re pelling them; and every worm that is ready sheds its mature end.”

That completes the quotation from Mr. Munro. Perhaps the scientists went into greater detail

in their report, for the explanatl as given, is not convincing. For ample, why must the light be ma light? Even when the moon absent, or heavily obscured cloud, there must be a moment dusk and at dawn when amount of sunlight would com with Palolo requirements. Or cl cover of the correct density m: precipitate the great event at time on any of the six crit nights—even at full moon. . that does not happen.

Perhaps the explanation is me pull and moonshine—or perhaps; explanation of the learned i fessors is moonshine, though t; theory is certainly interesting.

Nostalgia

Writing to the PIM, Mr. Will F. Angell (14,201 Abongdon R; Detroit 27, Michigan, USA), was a Red Cross executive in South Pacific during the war, g every evidence of acute nostaj He asks hungrily for late news “My old ARC foodwarehouse the steel theatre, alongside Noui Cathedral.

“Magenta racecourse, the B House, the old ABCD, Confui Row at Anse Vata, that magnify, chapel some American Gen built out there on the Poi Mademoiselle Hagen (who wa valued clerk), the Place des Gaii —one presumes that all these re; sent happy memories of Noumei “That suburban train wreck Wellington, when the US F Silverstream Hospital facilities r used to the limit, and we set u news clearance station in Weill ton; “That trip across the Tasmai

beat-up C 46 on top of the freight •the A-NZ-Fiji milk run, they died it; “The days when my office had secure what small financial aid could for the hit-and-run gal ctims of servicemen passing rough—and when for days on end 5 had to break sad news to NZ ides after that costly Battle of irawa; '‘Some day, maybe, I may even ar news again of my precocious ander friend, Frederick Maine, d his beautiful penmanship. ‘Peace be with you all!”

imie Cultivation

fhe article on Ramie (PIM, De nber) appears to have aroused erest. Several correspondents are cions to see the cultivation of this re encouraged, on a big scale, ncidentally, the first Ramie grown Papua was cultivated long years i by the late Mr. T. L. Sefton, on Koitaki Plantation, from seed plied to him by Mr. M. M. Wise, v a resident of Young Street, morne, Sydney.

iter —And Water!

have noted in PIM that the drinking-water dispute con ies in Rarotonga. was in hospital there in 1948 ' the second time in 30 years’ dence) and it was part of my itment to engulf a lot of aqua i each day. The water, in a fine s jug, was of the first diamond, may coin a standard of value, rkling, fresh from the filter, it cled gratefully down my parched at, and its flavour (after Man tank-water, with a snatch of •d, dead rat, and linnet feathers) irreproachable. Loudly I sang )r. Onnawin, the praises of the otonga reticulation system—at hospital end, that is! The ico did not appear as compli ted as I had expected. now learn from PIM that pigs, es, native children, and other ia all have a hand in “augment the Rarotonga water intakes! may not have been clear that kled in my crystal jug. But at it was germ-free—if the filters in good whack. it I now know why the Doc id old-fashioned at me. He had that day reported most un arably on the Rarotonga water ly!

Eti.

e Rev. J. E. Jacob, who was mted president at the lal Methodist Conference in )ane in February, was a onary for six years in Papua, ish-born, Mr. Jacob came to msland 40 years ago.

Advertisements & other items, p. 22 (1 item)

20

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH E

[?]aiting for Depressions

That Never Fill In

Suva, Feb. 28.

kWNERS of small inter-island f ships and inhabitants of these fair isles generally, are watch g the barometer at present. Some rt of depression has developed out ar Rotuma—where most of Fiji’s irricanes originated. Which way 11 it move?

Ihe RNZAF Sunderlands go out casionally and view it and take rometer readings. But so far it s shown no disposition to move jr. even better, to fill in. [ suppose this sort of thing goes all through this hurricane period Fiji. But just now I am person y concerned. By now, I should bouncing my way to the Lau ands in my dream-ship, Tovata. stead, Tovata is still bouncing up i down at Suva wharf, and I am 11 viewing the beauties of Suva i trying to persuade the manage nt of this overcrowded hotel that is not my fault and they have cause to throw me into the street make room for a tourist. ’ovata is ex-Purple Sea> ex-SC67I. lave inspected her—and I mean discourtesy to the owners when say that I came away without husiasm.

'X-SC67I was brought here by laid Johnson in a headline ting, engine-less drift from near waii about some four years ago. s than a week ago I saw John outside the GPO, Sydney, where now takes street-photographs. He led contented and happy, have an idea that before I am shed with his former trophy I am ig to wish mighty hard that it I who was at the GPO, Sydney, ing candid photos; and that nson was still drifting in the

' Ata.—Judy Tudor.

Papua-New Guinea

[?]ew District Boundaries in Papua-New Guinea

LONG Notice in the Papua-New Guinea Gazette of February 24 re-defines all the District ndaries.of both Territories. is impossible to tell from the ialese whether the new lines in e important alterations, or ely new marks on the map—or the alterations were made. ie Notice concludes with the is, “God Save the Queen.” re might well have been added, i the map-makers and map iishers,” whose work will have to lone all over again. new picture theatre, named imount, was opened at Tavua, in January. Owners are srs. P. R. and M. Prasad.

On Norfolk Is.

Defence Of New Policies

Letter to the Editor YOUR criticism (January PIM) of the new import duties imposed in Norfolk Island was bunk.

There are few changes.

Kerosene is now free—it was 3d. gallon. Tea is free, at 11/9 lb; also coffee. There is 3d per gall on petrol (6/1).

But there is the item that appears to inflame: Motor cars, lorries, motor cycles, are 10 per cent, ad valorem.

But they are free out of bond, and free of sales tax out of Sydney, fob.

I do not agree with your special correspondent, who seems to have made much ado about nothing. He never mentioned (when discussing expenditure on repairing the build ing at Kingston the amount of work the Islands received at top wages.

Many were employed on these old buildings and the two landing piers —and a splendid job they have done.

One can walk into the Bond with out fear of falling through the floor.

When I came to NI it was the custom, after being here six months, for one to pay 6/- per day for be tween 9 and 15 days, or else engage in public works for those days. At the present time, the six shillings have been increased to £1 per day.

Your correspondent never men tioned that fact, which is the crux of the situation.

The present Administrator is a very fine gentleman, and a good mixer; and if he is a sample of “dictators” let us have more of them!

I am, etc.,

Norfolk Is.

Henry Dent.

All Gourmets,

Achtung!

SOMEONE asked me, recently, whereabouts in the Pacific Islands I got the best food. I hesitated between the cuisine of the New Caledonia restaurants, and cer tain hote’s in Fiji; and then I be thought me of a Dinner Menu which I had carried in my bag since Sep tember 28, 1954. Here it is: 1. Cream of Mushroom Soup. 2. Crumbed Fillet of Flounder. 3. Savoury Rice Rissoles. 4. Roast Lamb and Mint Sauce. 5. Roast Seasoned Veal and Apple Sauce. 6. Corned Silverside and Carrots. 7. Raspberry Shortcake: 8. Lemon Snow and Boiled Custard. 9. Baked Custard and Jelly. 10. Ice Cream and Hot Chocolate Sauce.

Black Coffee.

That, ladies and gentlemen, was the dinner provided—no special occasion—in the modest hotel of Mrs. Ellen Pitt, in Goroka, New Guinea Highlands. Because you are served by Highlands natives, you order by numbers. Goroka, four years ago, was only a name on a map. Now it has 110 buildings. If you know of a better Menu in a similar town, anywhere in the

world, please drop me a line.

Rwr.

Maui Pomare

Nz’S Cook Is. Headache

What To Do With Maui Pomare

LAST August, when New Zealand’s Minister for Island Territories, (Mr. Clifton Webb) looked into various Cook Islands problems, he came to the reluctant conclusion that, as private enterprise was not yet prepared to provide that Group with a satisfactory refrigerated shipping service, and as the Maui Pomare would be able to handle the expected fruit cargoes for a few years yet, it would be necessary to continue paying the heavy cost of her maintenance for the present.

Maui Pomare therefore was sent to her refitting berth in Auckland early in February.

An examination, however, soon revealed that before the vessel can be passed for any further service she will require replacement of her entire main deck —estimated to cost £lOO,OOO, with other necessary work.

This was far in excess of the esti mated expenditure.

Work was thereupon halted, pend ing major decision in Wellington.

Further funds will have to be voted for repairs: or the money will have to be diverted to the building of a replacement: or an arrangement will have to be made immediately with private enterprise to service the Cooks.

There now are the indications that, for at least six months and perhaps longer, the passenger situation on that route will become worse. There may be shipping with cooler space available for the picking up of Cook Islands produce, but there seems unlikely to be tonnage that can also provide for the passengers offering.

If the decision is made to again refit the Maui Pomare this year, regardless of cost, she probably will be out of service for at least six months. It would be several years before a new vessel could be built, though a suitable one might be purchased overseas, second-hand.

Maui Pomare was built in 1927 and gave a great deal of trouble in her earlier years of service. t The popular Mobil Quest radio programme, sponsored by the Vacuum Oil Comoany, will be broad cast over VRH, Suva, in future. The programme of Australian talent is now widely listened to, and a number of the artists have gone on to prove themselves overseas. Each year £2,550 is paid out in prize money (£1,150 for first prize), 6(> artists are selected for broadcast after preliminary auditions. Mr.

James Hill, formerly of Lae, NG, is now publicity officer for the pro gramme, and is stationed in Mel bourne.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 23-24 (3 items)

21

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

22

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Morris Hedstrom Limitec

General Merchants, Importers and Exporters,

Shipowners, Plantation Owners,

Commission and Insurance Agents

HEAD OFFIC

SUVA, FIJ

Established 1868

SERVICE IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC

TERRITORIES

rpHROUGH our Large Establishments in Suva and our Nume ous Branches, we distribute a wide and comprehensi range of General Merchandise and provide almost every kii of service. Our departments and associated businesses includ

DRAPERY

MOTOR SALES

AND SERVICE

TOBACCO

TIMBER AND

BUILDING

GROCERY

CONFECTIONERY

HARDWARE

ELECTRICAL

LIQUORS

DRUGS

Branches Throughout Fiji, Samoa and Tong*

There is a Branch or Agent of Morris Hedstrom Limited in every Town in the Thn Territories. We are Sole Agents in these Territories for British Drug Houses Ltd.

"Chula" Copra Dryers.

Electrolux Ltd.

Ford Motor Co.

General Electric Co. Ltd.

Goodyear Tyre and Rubber Co.

B. A. Hjorth Gr Co. (Primus Products).

Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd.

International Harvester Export Co.

Matson Navigation Company.

Max Factor and Co. Inc.

Pacific Islands Transport Line.

Rcnsomes, Sims Gr Jefferies Ltd.

Vacuum Oil Co. Pty . Ltd.

Yorkshire Copper Works Ltd.

Morris Hedstrom Limited are LLOYD’S AGENTS in Fiji and Samoa.

IN AUSTRALIA:

Morris Hedstrom Limited,

(Incorporated in Fiji.) Asbestos House, 65 York Street, SYDNEY

IN GREAT BRITAIN:

Morris Hedstrom Limited

Barclay's Bank Buildings, 73 Cheopside, LONDON, E.C.2

Teal Claims Big Profit This Year

Finance Position Not Clear When

The following appeared in Sydney ewspapers on March 2: Tasman Empire Airways Ltd. is vpected to “get out of the red” fter many years with a profit of lore than £ 50,000 this year.

Last year, this joint Australia eiu Zealand Government Co. lost lore than £lOO,OOO.

It saved thousands of pounds since discarded Solent flying-boats.

TEAL’s Sydney representative had )t received a copy of the state ent and was unable to say hether this was another way of mouncing that TEAL’s loss for 54 was £lOO,OOO, or whether “this sar” meant the financial year 54-55, which ends March 31. our efforts on two past occasions to interpret the (to us) completely conflicting annual itements which have emanated )m Wellington, Canberra, and SAL’s Headquarters in Auckland, i have been told by TEAL that r interpretation has been in rrect. So far we have never yet *n. from any source, a clear-cut itement of the exact cost to the istralian and New Zealand tax ?er of the Coral Route Service. i do not even know whether Aus ilia pays any of that cost. On per she does —but TEAL’s blicity office has stated that the it of that route is borne entirely New Zealand.

Statements are released on Dollar rnings, Working Profits, and erall Losses. One year we pub led a TEAL statement on Coral

Route dollar earnings, and assumed that this meant profits. Later, a statement giving the losses in that year arrived.

We then accepted the view that it was one thing to earn dollars and another thing for them to represent a profit. It appeared to us that those dollars had actually cost a lot more than they would have cost on the Sydney black market.

But TEAL said we were wrong— they were profit. After that, we gave up.

As far as the Coral Route is con cerned (and that is the sector in which we are interested) it always has seemed to us that in comput ing the cost of that service to the taxpayers (whoever they are) account must be taken of the cost of all the Civil Aviation Authority radio, fuelling, meteorological, and airfield costs involved. These surely should be charged to the Coral Route Service, as only TEAL uses them east of Nadi. We are informed that such costs are not included in any TEAL account —except the com paratively small landing fees which they pay.

Auckland-Norfolk Service

Tasman Empire Airways will take over the Auckland-Norfolk Island weekly air service from NZ National Airways as from March 1, reported NZ newspapers on February 28.

TEAL’s Sydney representative said that the newspaper reports were premature, as no public announce ment had been made by TEAL.

P-Ng Natives

Ecial Scholarships For

pursuance of its policy of send ing selected young natives to Australian Secondary Schools for iher education, the Papua and v Guinea Administration has nunced that the following ional six natives will go to lensland in March: Ibert Luckie, 13, and John lani, 14, of New Britain, to dch Grammar School, oratius Igua, 13, of New Ire i: Jinga Asia, 13, of Northern Morea Raka, 14, of Central; Christopher Tabua, 14, of tern, all go to Charters Towers, ns increases the number of such )ndary Education Scholarships rded this year to 16 (the first ■re already in Queensland) and :es the total such scholarship 's 36—20 of whom are now do their second-year course in :ralia. it is a 4-years’ course.

New Move in W. Samoa

Rls Memorial

TWO high-ranking Samoan chiefs,

Lofipo of Savai’i, and Mana giamanu of Upolu, have called for the establishment of a Robert Louis Stevenson memorial museum at Apia.

The matter was to be discussed at the February Legislative Council meeting.

Various suggestions have been made as to the location—ranging from a special room at Vailima to a building on top of Vaea mountain (at the tomb of Stevenson), and a special house of Samoan design at Mulipuu.

It has been suggested that such a museum would become a major tourist attraction—and if located at sea-level would save visitors the pre sent stiff climb to the Stevenson tomb on top of Vaea.

Raft Finds A Home

Seven Little Sisters, The

famous raft on which William Willis drifted from Callao to Samoa, is to be housed in the centre of a lofty, Samoan-type, domed, thatched house at Pago Pago. The building will be between 37 ft to 40 ft high, and patterned after the two-decked houses seen in Western Samoa. The concrete foundations of the building, which will become a general museum of Samoan arts and crafts, will soon be laid.

New Caledonian

Children in Sydney

ABOUT 38 New Caledonian chil dren left for Sydney in Janu ary to spend several weeks there.

Some of them are guests of families whose own children have been guests at Noumea homes.

Others earned their trip by their good school work.

Every year the New Caledonian Local Assembly send about 18 of the best workers from the College and Technical schools to Sydney, paying all expenses.

The Australian Government arranges a special programme for these lucky youngsters. This year they are to make a trip to the Western plains amongst other places.

The “Exchange” group will join in the Government visiting pro gramme.

The “Exchange” system was or ganised by Mr. Hudson, of Knox Grammar School, of Sydney, in 1953, and promises to become a yearly institution.

Advertisements & other items, p. 25 (2 items)

23

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

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Papua-N. Guinea

p. 26

Copra Is King

fITHE Trade Returns for Papua and JL New Guinea for the financial year ended March 31, 1954, have just been issued—and they demon strate that the coconut is still by far the most important item in the economy of the Dual Territory, though other industries are develop ing. Coconut products yielded almost £7J millions in a total income of £ll millions received from exports. (All values are in Australian currency.) Main features of the Returns are: • A combined export-import trade increase of £3.3 million. • Export values up by £300,000, or 2.7 per cent. ® Import values up by over £3 million, or 25.64 per cent. • A trade deficit of £4 million, compared with £1.25 million in the previous year and £4.75 million in the year before that. • Copra returns up £1.3 million and 15,000 tons—or 21 1 per cent, in value and 131 per cent, in quantity. • A heavy fall in gold output, with receipts down by £735,000.

An examination of the Returns shows that most of the trade deficit is charged to Papua, which thus has a deficit of £3.8 million, whilst that of New Guinea was £| million. All that, of course, is because P-NG was subsidised by Australia in that period by some £6 millions, and an other million at least was spent on oil research; and these revenues

(over and above export earnings) were mostly received in goods; and by far the larger proportion of such imports went to Port Moresby.

Principal increase in import values was under the heading of machinery, metals and metal manufactures— which includes a large proportion of capital goods.

Although gold exports fell heavily, gold was still the second most im portant item. The principal exports were:

The comparative prices of some of the commodities exported in this and the previous year show copra was down by £2 per ton; gold was unchanged at £l5/11/- per ounce; rubber rose from 1/9 to 2/3 per lb; cocoa fell from £342/10/- to £274 per ton; coffee fell from £693 to £660 per ton; peanuts rose from £176 to £193/10/- per ton; and, on a mixed trochus and greensnail basis, the average price of shell fell from £231 to £162/10/ per ton.

No details are given of the quantity of crocodile hides —a useful dollar earner—but the value rose by £24,000.

Most unexpected export probably is beer —the 18,000 gallons shipped South (as a result of the operation of the new brewery in Port Moresby) yielding £6,372. At the same time liquor imports increased

by £47,459 in value, a 14J per c< rise on the previous year.

Import items in order of vs were: Food, £4.4 million; machir and metal manufactures, million; textiles and clothing, million; oil products, mineral vegetable, £875,379; tobacco, incl ing trade tobacco, £585,287; liquor, £374,136.

Copra £ 7,500,000 Gold 1,410,000 Rubber (Papua) .. .. 612,788 Cocoa beans 249,588 Trochus, greensnail shell 209,090 Timber 181,849 Coffee beans 60,211 Peanuts 30,338 Silver 18,422 Crocodile hides .. .. 38,572

Copra Production In

p. 26

East Sam[?]

Pago Pago, Jan. 2

IN the last fiscal year, Easi (American) Samoa produced I tons of copra, as follows: —

The 1,903 tons marketed prodi 354,570 US dollars gross—3lB nett. The average gross value th, fore was slightly under £BO Aust., ton.

The Copra Board, the purcha. agency, is comprised of the Dire: of Management Services, Man: of the Bank of American Samoi local merchant, and a Samoan ; resentative from each of the tl administrative Districts.

The purchasing is done by Sam copra clerks, who make immed payment, at rates decided by Board—currently 4 cents per (equal to about £37 Aust. per b When 300 tons has been accu; lated a Matson vessel clears it San Francisco, where it is through Atkins, Kroll & Co., have acted as Agents for E. Sai for over 30 years, and keep Government of E. Samoa infor: of prices and trends.

The Samoan producers li always shown opposition to stabilisation fund. Last year Fono (Congress) requested accrued funds be paid out in form of a bonus. This over half of the Board’s worl capital. This, and a declii market, forced the Board to bon from the bank this year; and price paid to producers was o sequently reduced to 6 cents, later to 4 cents per lb. If the p continues to hold at about $l6!

San Francisco (£65 Aust.) a hig price to producers will be possif t The Union SS Co. 2,000 motor-ship Navua was launcheo Scotland in February. She will the Union Co.’s Pacific fleet am designed to carry fruit from Islands to New Zealand. The then will have in this service Tofua, Matua and Navua— so: what similar in names to the : of pre-World War I.

Western District .. . . . . 7!

Eastern District .. . . . . 3 Manu’a . .. 7 Swains Island

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Fiji’S Assurances

pp. 27-28

T0 The

Illusive Capitalist

~*HE following useful material is contained in a folder entitled, ■ “How Fiji Helps Investors,” just }ued by the Fiji Public Relations ffice for general information:

Relief From Taxation

A new company pays no company x (normally 6/3 in the pound) , the first £5,000 of its net profits r a period up to five years, if its jects are approved by the Gov iment as being in the interests the economic development of the lony. A company starting a new jondary industry would, for in mce, qualify for this concession, initial allowances of 20 per cent., i annual depreciation allowances, ; granted for income tax pur ses on industrial and agricultural ,nt. In the case of buildings, the tial allowance is 10 per cent.

Lny person or company engaged an industry which will encourage i economic development of the lony is granted a special depre tion allowance of 10 per cent, for first five years, in addition to initial and annual depreciation twances referred to above.

Ixpenditure or improvements to d. such as fencing or drainage, loval of timber or weeds, pre ation of land for agriculture and mention of soil erosion, may be et to a considerable extent inst chargeable income in any r. rrangements with the Australian New Zealand Governments for procal tax relief provide that Australian or New Zealand com y pays tax on its Fiji profits at lower (i.e., the Fiji) rate. Com les based in the United King i pay on the higher of the two s. aecial taxation concessions have i granted to the gold-mining in ;ry to encourage mining ex ation. 1 1955, the basic income tax was iced to 1/- in the pound. The increases by ,012 d. for each id of chargeable income until maximum of 6/- in the pound is bed on £5,000. Surtax is pay m addition on chargeable in es above £l,OOO. In addition to statutory allowance of £l5O, is allowed for a wife, £5O for child or other dependent (up lv . e * n number), up to £5OO or sixth of income for life insur

-1 Premiums or superannuation

nents, and the annual cost be n, anc i £250 of educating dependent child. rt«?°y2 ri ? n^ nt . has given an ranee that it will not pursue a

proposal that dividends should be taxed in the hand of the share holder. Dividend income is liable to Surtax only when the total charge able income exceeds £l,OOO. It is of normal tax, but is itself not included in chargeable income for the purpose of determining the rate taxed.

Protection

The Protected Industries Ordin ance makes it possible for the Gov ernment to give protection in the form of licensing to new industries which might not succeed unless pro tected in their early stages.

Customs Concessions

In recent years extensive Customs concessions have been granted to new and existing undertakings, and on imported agricultural equipment.

Assistance And Advice

An Agricultural and Industrial Loans Board has been set up to grant loans to farmers and to small and medium-size business under takings.

The Commerce and Industries sections of the Secretariat will answer inquiries from business men or potential investors and will help in the investigation of promising industrial or commercial possibilities.

Letters should be addressed to the Commence and Industries Officer, Secretariat, Suva.

The Public Relations Office, Suva,

is able to give general information about Fiji. The Fiji Visitors’

Bureau (with offices in Suva and at Nadi Airport) will help visiting businessmen with travel arrange ments and accommodation.

Advertisements & other items, p. 27 (2 items)

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A Political Prisoner

p. 28

Who

Helped N. Caledonia

From Our Own Correspondent A DATE that went completely unnoticed in New Caledonia, —except for an article in a Free Thinkers’ paper—was the 50th anniversary of the death of Louise Michel. She was a heroine of the Parris Commune, had spent many years of exile in New Caledonia and died in Marseille, aged 75, on Jan uary 10, 1905.

Her body was taken back to Paris, where she was buried with the minimum of ceremony, but 20,000 people marched behind the hearse.

Paris has never known such a funeral since.

Louise Michel was the daughter of a domestic and the Marquis de Vroncourt. Though never legally recognised by the Marquis, she was tenderly cared for and educated by him. From an early age she de voted herself to the poor and never ceased her struggle till her death.

She fought fiercely the French Gov

ernments of the day, most of thi corrupt.

Louise Michel spent thirt years in prison, six of them “bagne.” She was deported Noumea and imprisoned at Ducos Peninsula, together v many other famous agitators Socialistic causes. Those who I across Noumea’s harbour towa Ducos, scene now of the Leper h pital (tourist ships generally anc just opposite) never ever think those who were once confined that unfertile spot. The nati of New Caledonia have cause to member Louise Michel for she 1 their very first benefactor. S founded the first school for nati in NC, and was much loved them.

Economic Survey of Cot[?]

p. 28

NEW ZEALAND’S Minister Island Territories announced March 9 that the Governs has decided to make an econo; survey of the Cook Islands, to cide how best to develop the gr in the spheres of agncult secondary industries, and sea tra port.

Preliminary work will be c< menced in May by Professor Belshaw, economist at Victoria t versity College, Wellington, and V. D. Stace, assistant economist the Reserve Bank, both of wl are well known in the South Pac

Advertisements & other items, p. 28 (2 items)

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infamous Buccaneer

p. 29

Plea for Pacific’s lost infamous Buccaneer

The following letter, on February was addressed to the Editor of nth newspaper, Sydney, by the iitor of the Pacific Islands onthly: ORRY —but in the interests of I South Pacific history—and truth —I must protest against the mpilation which you published on bruary 13 under the title of “True ory of Buccaneer Bully Hayes.”

For my own amusement—and per ps for publication, some time —I ve over many years made a coi tion of “Hayesiana.” I do not ppose that any notorious char ier of the nineteenth century has leived a worse doing than Bully yes at the hands of irresponsible iters. I have scores and scores catchpenny articles on Hayes; i not one of them appears to be oily in accordance with facts, n the ’Thirties, I was able to buy ) unpublished manuscripts—one itten about 50 years ago by a [son (NZ) sea-c apt a i n who sonally knew Hayes, and one by ex-Navy officer who set himself, mt 1912, to compile the true story Hayes’s adventures, and who had d completed the task when he 5 dragged into World War I, and ed. Both presented an authentic T [ayes was a merry, hard-drink , unscrupulous rogue, who tidied innumerable deserving pie—especially shipowners!—but had some redeeming qualities, was a blackbirder—but no worse n hundreds of others—black iing was almost a respectable fession in those days. He was a 1 successful man with the ladies it no more successful than most us, in our secret hearts, would to be.

CADING his true history, one de plores his misdeeds—but some how feels a certain affection for incorrigible old ruffian. In his , he had many friends and well lers. nee he was murdered in 1877 (and r in the manner described in ■ article), countless persons have out to describe his lamentable er. Some of the bits and pieces accurate enough; most are dis sd; some are sheer imagination; e gives the complete story. And, tde by decade, Bully has become lacker character—until now we - the extraordinary picture of ality which you have published lich obviously is a combination he highlights from most of the sr publications, made by that t industrious researcher, Mr le.

But not one of them has re counted the extroardinary incident on the China Coast which started Bully off on his mad career of (to quote your clever alliteration) “Bigamy, barratry, bankruptcy, buc caneering and blackbirding in the South Seas.” That incident gives some key to his character and per formances, and probably explains his long and strange association with Captain Ben Pease.

The drawing with which you illus trated the article amused me. The central figure is not Dutch Peter, as you suggest—that is a copy of the well-known picture of Hayes himself as constructed by Norman Lindsay from several descriptions of Hayes, given by people who knew him. No photograph of Hayes ever was published. The figure on the right is an equally well-known drawing (this time, from life) of Louis Becke, who was briefly asso ciated with Hayes in the Elanora days, but who certainly was not pre sent when Hayes was killed. The other two figures are imaginary.

Bully was bad enough—but not nearly as bad as three generations

BEWHtelrs have made l&zk:

R. W.

Robson.

Ray Parer As Coastal

p. 29

Engineer

THROUGH a large photograph in the Brisbane Courier Mail of February 12, we have traced the wondering Ray Parer, famous pioneer of air transport in New Guinea. He is chief engineer of the Gladstone-Heron Island tourist vessel Capre, on the Queensland coast.

Ray Parer served in the Australian Flying Corps in World War I. He and Lieut. J. C. Mclntosh flew a war-battered two-s eater bomber from England to Australia in 1920 —an extraordinary feat then—it took them 206 days; and in 1927, bumping from beach to beach, he took a small plane to New Guinea, and entered upon air transportation there. In World War II he served as an RAAF instructor and a small craft engineer. In 1943 he “settled down” as a grocer in Sydney; but he was back in New Guinea, en gaged in various activities, as soon as the war was over.

New Use for Citrus

p. 29

ACCORDING to the February issue of American Journal of Digestive Diseases, the wasted rind and pulp of citrus fruit should find a market. The report says that two American researchers have dis covered that a flavnoid compound, extracted from citrus fruit peel and pulp, will cure influenza and the common cold. The extract, which they have named CVP, was tested on 69 cases of severe respiratory in fections and 66 cures were claimed.

Advertisements & other items, p. 29 (2 items)

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Late News and Items from P-NG

p. 30

See Pages 97-9.

P MORESBY, March 5.

Mr Tom Grahamshaw becomes rhipf Collector for Customs, follow- Sithp return of Mr F. Lee to the rommonwealth Customs service, after two years here. Mr.

Grahamshaw has been with the Administration here since 1916, and for 28 years a Ksistant mainly with customs—Assistant H?p 7 isrpw Guinea with distinction m the campaign, bec ami ei L e Colonel, and was awarded t e .

War Service Homes

A senior" War Service Homes official, Mr. M. C. McTaggitt, has arrived to establish a branch here.

He will stay three to six months, to train an Administration officer to carry out the scheme. He is empowered to deal with applications and advances for War Service Homes and those eligible will be able to borrow up to £2,750.

Plenty Of Highlands

Labour

Applications for Highland labour by coastal employers have shown a marked increase. During January and February, 1,081 Highlands natives left for coastal centres—all but 100 of them for private employers.

A PIM correspondent at Goroka reports that many natives offering for work were rejected for the pre sent as it is thought that the num bers already absent would make re cruiting unwise.

Technical Help For Coffee

Technical assistance for the coffee industry in the Highlands is again be in S sought by the Eastern Highlands Advisory Council. It is asking the Administration to either recruit a co ff ee expert from overseas, or send an Administration officer abroad for experience Particularly in Brazil and Hawair At a meeting, Mr. George Great head said coffee-growers knew the industry was still in its infancy, and an expert would be of tremendous help. This proposal had been made to the Commonwealth Bank Board, which had a fund to assist different types of activity, and the proposal was referred to the P-NG Depart ment of Agriculture. However, it appeared that nothing was being done about it. aoatm upiUi hai actAijn A native custom which lapsed during the war years has been re vived in the mountain districts of Northern Bougainville. The custom

centres around adolescent boys, has as its most colourful sign a large round pumpkin hat, known as a Upie hat.

One of the main reasons for revival of the custom appare is that local natives have t flattered into wearing the hats a? after seeing their portrait on Te tory penny stamps.

The Upie custom could not carried on during the war years cause natives could not move al Bougainville to attend the ne sary ceremonies connected witl The custom has an elaborate sys of tambus where women are ( cerned. Boys of about eight the hats and wear them cont ously until an initiation ceren some years later.

Native School Teachei

The first teacher-training co for native girls in the Territory started at the Popendetta Educa Centre. The trainees are from Ireland, New Britain, Boi Misima, Daru and Hanoabada; on completion of the course, will return to their own district assistant teachers.

The 12 girls at Popendetta take the same course of stud: male teacher trainees, and in a tion will attend classes on h cooking, mothercraft, sewing, t nursing, and handicrafts.

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Ter Ritories Talk-Talk

pp. 31-33

By Tolala

letter Copra—We Hope

T is good news to hear that copra . inspectors started on an “organ ised inspection of copra” from [arch 1. Here’s hoping they are as jnscientious and energetic as they sed to be in pre-War II days in NG, and give overseas buyers that ime valuable assurance. “Rabaul opra” had a fine reputation, then.

For years I have advocated a icasure to guarantee copra as it as in the pre-War D days, and y regret is that it has taken the nearly ten years to troduce a measure which should ive been in force immediately after e War, when regimentation was 'e on far less vital matters.

And let there be no latitude to itive co-operatives’ produce purely cause they are native. If anyone lows how to cure copra and keep nd and stones out of bags it is e indigenous producer O/C’s of sse co-operatives should be held rsonally responsible for maintain \ the standard.

easuring Hatred

[t was fore-ordained that some Lbarrassing incident should arise t of the Japanese War Graves ssion in PNG —more’s the pity.

And the incident—which received prominence in the Australian Press at least —was where the Curator of the Lae Cemetery took it upon him self to remove wreaths, laid on the Cross of Sacrifice at Lae, by the members of the Japanese Misiion.

It was later stated that the Curator held no official position with the Imperial War Graves Commission.

That is as may be. Suffice it to say Horrie Niall, DC at Lae, who to my knowledge has always been accepted as a man who knows his job, with his finger on the puke of things, gave permission for the gesture by the Japanese—thus fol lowing a custom established by the Turks and Germans, both of whom, in their time, have been thought the most diabolical of humans. Those who served on Gallipoli know of the atrocities of the Turks; those who served in both Wars know of “Hun atrocities.” Belsen has become a by-word.

Most fighters in any war know, even if they do not admit it, that it is seldom personal feeling that urges them on but patriotism and a yen for adventurous experience is what prompts them to go out and fight.

Administrator Cleland pulled no punches in expressing his opinion of the Lae incident and, in view of the fact that he was bumping the local RSL (which, undoubtedly is a very vocal body) he did a brave job, even if it was not too tactful. I do not know whether the majority at the Lae meeting sup ported retiring President George Whittaker’s remarks; but person

ally, I do think he stuck his neck out a little too far. Anyway the RSL is well in George’s debt, for he has done a fine job of work for ex-Servicemen in the Territory.

Private Enterprise, Take a Bow!

Administration officials are often too critical of private enterprise in PNG, handing out blows instead of bouquets. It is encouraging now to see that Agriculture Director Larrie Dwyer has given credit to a private firm on New Britain for success fully re-establishing cattle herds there. But then Larrie always has been a straight-from-the-shoulder bloke, and expressions of his own opinion at one time (before he was Director, of course) were occasion ally embarrassing for his Heads.

Anyway, he had some compli mentary remarks to make about WRC cattle on NB and he recom mends the importation of “large frame bulls from Australia.”

What’s the matter with installing an artificial insemination station?

Volcanic Eruptions

Reading in February PIM (p. 82) about the “Day’s Work for a Vol canologist” brings back a few nostalgic memories of that period when Rabaul took a gruelling in 1937, and of “vulcanalia” in general.

First to my mind comes a saucy cartoon that appeared in an eruption issue of “The Rabaul Times” (roneo-ed at Vunapope dur ing the evacuation of the town) showing a series of New Britain volcanoes etched on the wax sheet by that clever artist, Keith McCarthy (before he rose to the dizzy heights oi DC, of course). It showed the Father and two Sons in Talasea, the Mother and the two Daughters at

[?]s. F. S. Stewart, of Lae, New Guinea, accompanied by her daughter Ela (Mrs. squirrel and small grandson Jimmie, [?]ed in Sydney in February, after a to Far East countries, including n. Photo shows the party at The [?] in Hongkong. They returned to by plane on February 28.

Rabaul, and the newly-spewed up Vulcan. The caption read: We called this the Father and Sons, and this the Mother and Daughters, and this the Bastard. No one wanted it, anyway.” He contributed several humorous cartoons to those eruption copies and brought a smile to many a weary vulcano-victim.

A pity the town-folk, generally, have not a better conception of their own volcanic record. Perhaps, however, they couldn’t care less. Dr.

Fisher might be persuaded to en lighten them as to the Beehives (Dawapia), Mount Mother (Kom biu) (there are doubts whether it was ever a volcano) and the potenti alities of Rabalanakaia. Mr. Justice

Phillips could give an interesting talk on the subject, illustrated with photographic slides. He it was who was in charge of the evacuation of the town on the eventful Sunday when Tavurvur spewed its mud out over the town. Vic. Pearson, who is still in the town, I*believe, was playing baseball on the Oval when Vulcan came out of the sea on the Saturday.

Monkeys in NG?

The report of a monkey having been sighted in New Caledonia (Feb.

PIM, p. 19) need not necessarily be the influence of John Barleycorn.

When the Japs occupied Rabaul in

’42 many of them could be st ambling along with monkey pets their shoulders. They had brouj them from Borneo or Mala Several of the pets escaped, to knowledge. It is not impossible tl some of the Yanks in NC, dur the War, also had these pets, wh escaped.

The Germans realised the dami these animals could do to cocon and other crops and from the ginning declared them a prohibi import to NG. Deer—which direc Dwyer now is fighting against—w imported first to the Toma distr near Kokopo.

But, taking it by and large, P] is lucky in not having a lot of w uncontrolled fauna to damage cr and carry wogs about.

Life Span of Goldfields.

Latest figures released of Territory’s gold output show a cided decrease in production.

June last year only 91,137 oz. w recovered for the twelve months, compared with 138,835 oz. in previous year. And this only g to show that some prophets sometimes near the mark.

Back in 1935, there was big ari ment in TNG about building a r< in to the goldfields from Lae Salamaua, The anti-roadites clain that mining engineers reckoned life of the field would not be lon than 15 to 20 years, and that co]

The new £32,000 Administration owned freezer at Raro tonga. Cook Islands, recently completed by Norman Caldwell & Co. of Christchurch, NZ. From it fresh food imported from NZ is retailed, and it also will provide refrigeration for the new fruit cool store, to be built alongside. —Photo by W. M.

Percival.

nd agricultural products would Iways remain the chief bread inner. Unless something happens > give the gold industry a shot in ie arm it looks as if the prognostic tion was about correct. Anyway, ley have got their road (with its ash-outs) and a bridge across the tarkham, with plenty of Klinkii ine to play with.

Incidentally, copra is TNG’s best [port now. In 1935 export values ere £361.413; in 1954 they had risen i £6h million. Regular production )w is over 100,000 tons per annum.

Post Office in Buka Received an SOS the other day om an Islands philatelist eager r any information regarding (a) e Buka Post Office opened on ily 26, 1913, somewhere around jeen Carola Harbour and (b) the ening of the Government station Bonis, in Buka Passage, and the te it was transferred to Sohano and and (c) when was the name anged from Buka Passage to hano. . . Any offers? t recollect meeting Cecil Levien iter of goldfields’ fame) at Bonis, ika Passage, early in 1921 when was PO or ADO there.

Trio of Old-Timers fhe article “Sixty Years in Pacific ade” (PIM, Feb., p. 24) awoke old mories for me —not only of that I Old Man, Ivan Nelson, physic y and mentally big (he was 3 or inches over 6 ft) whom I well »w —but of J. B. O. Mouton, Cap ri J. M. Rondahl and W. Lourie Lowry). louton, a Belgian, was the sole vivor in NG of the famed arquis” de Rays expedition of early 80’s, and had arrived as a in boy. For some years he :ked with “Queen Emma,” and ;r took up land at Kiniqunan, r Kokopo. For a while during German days he and Lourie ran ice-works plant in Rabaul. In ’3o’s he sold Kiniqunan to the red Heart Mission of Vunapope, i retired to Sydney. He main led interests in the Territory, fever, and one of them was the fspaper The Rabaul Times. He i shortly after War 11. aptain Rondahl, a fine old Vik -type skipper, was also on the leen Emma” staff, after spending ie years in Samoa. He married ;en Emma’s sister, Grace, and i up land at Kabakaul, also in Kokopo district. It was there : the Australians landed in 1914. retired to Sydney, where he died >re War 11. ill Lourie was a New Zealand en ler, who joined “Queen Emma’s” f in the early 1900’s. Later, he the ice-works and a boarding se in Rabaul; then he went on land, planting up Hilalon planta

tion, on the south-west coast of New Ireland. He died in Rabaul in the early 30’s.

A history of those old-timers, who were once on “Queen Emma’s” pay-roll, would make interesting reading. There are few alive to-day.

“Karkar” Schmidt and Fred Jolly are the only two I can think of, off hand. Times marches on! t Police say there now are so many bicycles in Rabaul—everyone seems to use a “wheely-wheel”—that col lisions between motor-vehicles and cycles are frequent. They urge that construction of special “bicycle lanes” be undertaken when roads are planned.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 31-33 (3 items)

29

C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

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MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Pan American Strip

p. 33

In East Samoa?

THERE has been an important de velopment in relation to the Trans-Pacific airlines. Governor Lowe, of American Samoa, who has been in Washington in connection with finance, radioed late in Feb ruary that official approval now has been given to the proposal that Pan American Airways shall use an air strip near Pago Pago.

It is believed that PAA may substi tute a stop at Pago Pago for the stop at Canton Island, in the trans-Pacific flight. The Pago Pago strip will have to be improved and extended, but officials believe this can be done in six months.

Advertisements & other items, p. 33 (1 item)

31

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 19 55

Compare Honolulu w[?]

p. 34

What Tourist

Traffic Does

Compare Honolulu w[?] Suva

THERE are those who shrink f the thought of Suva or A becoming tourist resorts Honolulu. Whether it is bettei remain poor and “unspoiled”—wl generally includes inferior he: and educational facilities —or to come “spoiled” like Hawaii, ii debatable point.

There is food for thought ii US Department of Commerce port on Hawaii’s 1953 incc Hawaii’s per capita income has n than tripled since 1939, largely to tourism and its associated dustries.

Per capita income in 1939 $525 (£A235/10/-) per annum. 1953 it was $1,740 (£A7BO). population of Hawaii was t 511,000 (Fiji, 321,000 at that tin and it had increased by 1.8 cent, on the previous year. T personal income increased from million in 1939 to $BB9 million 1953. From that income the C ernment obtained $lO6 mil (£47,600,000) in taxes—leaving citizen, on a per capital basis, 1 $1,532 actually to spend. Per ca income actually rose by 1.1 per o from 1952 to 1953.

Although Hawaii’s populs (511,000) is not vastly greater t that of Fiji (350,000)—the aren the two territories is about same —there is an indication of] number of people associated the tourist industry in the o parative populations of Hono city and Suva city—233,ooo as o pared with 25,000.

Honolulu now has 46 major toi hotels and 3 television stations,, there are 12 or more broadcas stations in the territory; and: course, numerous small induss associated with the tourist tra» Yet the land is in no neglected. Hawaii produces a* the same amount of sugar as< and, in addition, has the lai pineapple industry in the won over 73,000 acres, with 9 canne and an output worth $lOO mii in 1953. Tourists in that year s $361 million in Hawaii. The <• ernment gathered $5 million direct tourist taxes.

As a result of all this, Haws fairly well provided with thee sirable things of life—l9s public: 125 private schools through to versity standard, for example, ci; ing for 122,000 children; ano adult education service whe catered for 12,000 persons at centres in 1953.

Advertisements & other items, p. 34 (2 items)

32

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First Visit To Territory

pp. 35-36

Samoan Residents Are Critical

Some Aspects Of Nz Minister’S

Apia, Feb. 20.

THE Hon. T. L. Macdonald, suc cessor to Mr. Webb as Minister of New Zealand’s Island Terri tories, paid his first official visit to Western Samoa in February. He was greeted with the usual Samoan

ceremonial and attended meetings of the Executive Council, the Legis lative Assembly, and the Fono of Faipule. During the five days he was on Upolo he made a close in spection of all major public works, schools, plantations, etc. He pro-

A group of people assembled at the [?]idence of the NZ High Commissioner Vailima to meet the Minister. They [?] from left to right: Mr. J. B. Wright, [?]retary for Island Territories; Captain [?]ckie-Campbell; Mrs. Mackie-Campbell; [?]n. T. L. Macdonald; Mrs. R. G. wles; the High Commissioner. Mr. R.

Powles; and Mr. H. S. Wells, Minister’s vate Secretary. (D. E. Ross, photo.)

poses to return in June, when he will also visit the Cooks and Niue.

Dissatisfaction was expressed by people who said the Minister’s time was monopolised by officials, so that there was not enough opportunity for Samoan leaders and private citizens to present their views.

Adverse comment was also made because the heads of Public Works, Health, Education, Agriculture, and Justice Departments, and the Financial Secretary and Treasurer, were all overseas.

The Minister’s meeting with Public Service representatives, and pressure for increased salaries by seconded staff members from NZ caused some unfriendly comment by some Samoan residents, who hold that these officials already are very well paid, and can maintain a higher standard of living than would be possible for them back in NZ. They argue that Samoa’s present financial resources cannot afford further ex penditure on the Public Service and that the alternative is a drastic re duction of the present staff.

If Monsieur Louis Eschembrener has recently been elected Conseiller de I’Union Francaise to represent New Caledonia in Paris. He succeeds Monsieur Pierre Berges, lately de ceased.

Advertisements & other items, p. 35 (2 items)

33

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1955

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Science Studies

p. 36

The Ants

In The Solomons

ONE of the bugbears of copra pro ducers in the Solomons, pre mature nutfall, still is providing the Territory’s agricultural officers with some problems.

The trouble is connected with the ant population. Certain ants at tack the immature nuts, in the head of the coconut palm. Certain other ants attack the nut-eaters. Control of premature nutfall therefore de pends upon the balances achieved between various species of ants; and the Government entomologist there fore (according to the High Com missioner’s annual review) carries on investigations under three heads: ® The “natural” changes in ant populations and their causes. • The distribution of the species of ants in relation to premature nutfall. • Collection of data on ants and other insects, and on certain plants concerned, so that study of the pro blem can continue and be developed.

The entomologist is being provided with a “spinal extending ladder” to facilitate his study of ants and

other insects in the crowns of thi palm trees.

Second Oldest Islands

p. 36

Traders

NEXT to Burns Philp & Co. Ltd our firm (Nelson and Robert] son Pty. Ltd.) is the oldes Islands trading company in Sydney, said Mr. Norman Nelson, in a speec: of welcome to 130 guests, in th Pickwick Club, Sydney, on Feta ruary 18.

The occasion marked the 60th an niversary of the foundation of th Company by the late Ivan Nelsoi and G. J. Robertson. “They each pu up £25, and a lot of hope,” remarke; Mr. Norman Nelson. He might hav, added, “and a remarkable spirit c goodwill to all people”—for big, bluj and kindly Ivan Nelson radiate friendship, and in an atmosphei of friendship the business has bee carried on since his death by sa Norman, “Bill” Ryall and Harol Cooper. t Yet another group of traw agents—this time eight women froi New Zealand —toured Viti Levu sights in February. The visit ws sponsored by White’s Travel Servic

Advertisements & other items, p. 36 (2 items)

34

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Industry in N. Guinea

p. 37

How Private

Enterprise Can Help

Prospects of Cattle Industry in N. Guinea

rHE progress being made by private interests in re-establish ing cattle herds in the Gazelle *eninsula area of New Guinea was (raised by Mr. R. E. P. Dwyer, )irector of Agriculture. He referred o the extensive importation of igh-quality breeding-stock by W. R.

Jarpenter & Co. Ltd., and its affiliate, Joconut Products Limited, and leasures taken by these firms on ck eradication in co-operation with ie Department.

The two companies, which operate plantations in Gazelle Peninsula, ad big herds of cattle there in )39, but most were destroyed dur ig the Japanese occupation, lantation maintenance costs in •eased sharply after the war, which ifluenced the firms to re-establish ittle. Within recent years, they im )rted over 700 head from Australia, id the progeny already totals over (0, thus:

Zebu cattle have been brought om Fiji, and consideration is be g given to importing Santa ertrudis bulls, the famous Brah in-Shorthorn strain developed in e United States, characterised by smooth red hide, heavy meat yield, id tick-resisting qualities. It is nsidered that infusion of the mta Gertrudis strain into the itish breeds would produce cattle ;11 adapted to low-land areas of ;w Guinea.

The two companies are supporting tick eradication campaign being rried out by Mr. C. Bailey (of iconut Products Limited) and the mtation managers, in collabora >n with the Chief of the Division Animal Husbandry (Mr. J. M. arley) and the area’s Stock In sctor (Mr. N. G. Robinson).

Mr. Dwyer said that the Gazelle Ba now is practically free of ticks far as the Warangoi River. Good egress is also being made in other izelle areas where cattle are be r run.

Die chairman of W. R. Carpenter Co. Ltd. has informed Mr. Dwyer at the Co. will continue to in duce high-class strains, in the ief that such herds eventually can et Territories’ beef requirements; a that the progress of the Co.’s 'd of dairy cattle on Wangaramut ■ntation is being carefully studied the belief that the establishment

of a good dairy breed is possible, if the animals’ food is supplemented by certain minerals, and a small proportion of coconut meal.

Officials are co-operating with the Vunapope Mission in an at tempt to eradicate the wild cattle in the Put Put area, which are a source of tick infestation. These animals “went bush” during the war years. They will either be tempted back into Put Put planta tion through the provision of salt licks, or shot.

Eradication is required also of the district’s wild deer, which also harbour ticks.

Eradication of ticks generally will be of tremendous help in the estab lishment of the cattle industry in New Guinea, says Mr. Dwyer.

IF Miss Pushpa Ami Chandra has been appointed to the staff of Fiji Broadcasting Commission’s Indian programme section. A daughter of the late Pandit Ami Chandra, who was killed in an air crash at Singa pore while en route to England two years ago, Miss Chandra was train ing as a nurse in New Zealand, but returned to Fiji on her father’s death. Her father was a founda tion member of the Broadcasting Commission.

FI Mr. A. F. Grant, formerly Super intendent of Police and Prisons in Fiji, has been appointed Banaban Adviser to the Government. He will live on the Island of Rabi, which the Banaban people, who are natives of Ocean Island, purchased and settled after World War 11.

Ulaveo .. .. 101 Taboona . .. 374 Ranlola . .. 214 Wangaramut .. . ... 375 Total . .. 1,064

Advertisements & other items, pp. 37-38 (3 items)

35

*CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

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36

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

Notable Wedding In Eastern Samoa

p. 39

** ma f ria & e of Savai i s Manaia Afioga Vaovasa to the Taupou of High lef Faivae, of Leone, who is known as »ga Pulotu, took place on January 25 the village of Leone, American Samoa, »re over one thousand people. lanaia Vaovasa is a member of the h Chief Amituana i clan, in the village Sa * a ’“ Ua ’ Sa 7 n ’ f Wester , n Samoa. te“ Leone Trom * , peo . ple ted Leone from Sala ilua, and for ten

days many speeches, much dancing and feasting took place. The old-fashioned rites were observed, winding up with a huge exchange of money for fine mats and other gifts.

The party which returned to Savai’i In mid-February took back 450 fine mats and over 1,000 tapa cloths During the wedding ceremony the bride wor . e . an “"usually lovely dress of fine matting, with a bridal veil of the same

material. She was escorted to the church by High Chief Faivae, who protected her from the sun’s rays with an umbrella, likewise made of fine matting.

The photograph (by Pan American Prints) shows the Samoan bride and her attendants who are all Taupous of various ranking chiefs of Leone. Reading from left to right: Samalaulu Kerisitina, Taupou of High Chief Tuiteleleapaga; Suasa’a Pele, Taupou of High Chief Avegalio; Maid of Honour Tofoipupu Leafaitulagi, Taupou of High Chief Tuiteie; The bride, Taupou Afioga Pulotu, of the High Chief Faivae; Bridesmaid Iliganoa Fofoga, Taupou of High Chief Ilaoa; Bridesmaid Saeiau Lalolfi, Taupou of High Talking Chief Leoso

More Trade Freedom in Fiji

p. 39

IMPORT restrictions in Fiji have been further eased, especially in regard to importations from European countries outside the Iron Curtain. Certain jewellery, per fumery, and confectionery still re quire permits.

Paper bags, marine outboard motors, and track-type tractors may now be imported freely from any source. f A new radio-telephone link began operating between Lae and Aus tralia on February 28. Four Terri tory centres (Port Moresby, Rabaul, Lae and Samarai) are now served.

Advertisements & other items, p. 39 (2 items)

37

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

Prefabricated Steel Buildings

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At the Mocambo

p. 40

Private Enterprise

Takes Over From Nz

No More Mutton At the Mocambo

PRIVATE enterprise has worked

wonders with the Mocambo, once a horror-stretch for transient airline passengers at Nadi, Fiji.

About three years ago, stranded there with about 30 other BCPA passengers while an engine-fault was remedied, we were quartered in fusty cubicles furnished with little more than camp beds. Bathropms and toilets were in another building.

The accommodation is still not of the top plush; but under Mr.

Barry Philp’s direction, the cubicles have given way to airy bedrooms, each with a small insect-screened verandah; and with private toilet and shower. Guests are provided with reading lamps so that they do not have to do that barbarous thing required of them in many Islands pubs—turn out the light near the door somewhere and then crawl through the darkness back to bed.

A huge electric fan—with blades as big as Super Constellation pro pellers—is part of the equipment.

With the help of this, guests may now sleep cooler at Nadi than in Summertime Australia.

Meals are excellent. A magnificent buffet of cold meats, salads, fish curries, Chinese food and Islands fruit greets the northbound passenger in place of the roast mutton and fried chops of the former New Zea

land cuisine.-

J.T.

H Mr. G. B. Crabbe, of Suva, Fiji, is at present on a visit to Sydney.

U The Rev. and Mrs. Wil.

Wagner, of St. Louis, USA, pa through Sydney recently en rout a new Lutheran mission statioi Aramunda (west of Mt. Hagen New Guinea, II Dr. L. H. Hatcher, who has 1 serving on contract at Nadi Air; Fiji, has now joined Fiji Me< Department, as Medical Office]

Advertisements & other items, p. 40 (2 items)

38

MARCH, 1955 - PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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Sedatives Are Encouraged To Develop Coconut

pp. 41-42

[?]W Guinea Basic Economy Alters As

Planting

P. Moresby, Feb. 22.

SIGNIFICANT change appears . to be taking place in the New Guinea coconut-planting in ry. ace the war, there has been very i coconut planting by Europeans, economists have expressed ety about the future of the in ry. Europeans are putting con -able areas under cocoa and e: but for a variety of reasons ■ coconut plantations (which the backbone of the Territory’s stries) are not being renewed; the life of existing groves is lily growing shorter, anwhile, under the deliberate active encouragement of the nistration, the native corn ties are planting up coconut , and giving closer attention to ing native groves; with the re that the percentage of native n copra in the Territory’s total it almost certainly will rise, art from its economic value,

this is a fact of some considerable political importance. The develop ment of a large community of native producers must affect the future of Australian New Guinea.

A STATEMENT issued for the Ad ministration in February said that, in the six months to mid- February, native communities total ling 8,000, within a 40 mile radius of Lae, have planted 35,400 coconuts, and will double this figure by June.

Directed by Morobe District Ser

vices and Agricultural Department officials, the long-range aim is to interplant with cocoa in areas where the soil is suitable, when the palms are eight to ten feet high.

The groves are being planted with selected nuts from the Administra tion Baibara Plantation at Orangerie Bay, and from Markham Valley and Tufi. The Baibara nuts are the San Ramon type, imported into the Territory pre-war by the Papuan Administration to improve coconut yields, and have an output of up to 10 ounces of meat per nut com pared with the general average of five to seven. Markham Valley coconuts are also of a special type, being big, high-yielding nuts which were introduced many years ago, probably by the German Admin

istration, and traded back from coast to the Markham Valley by natives.

A similar coconut planting p gramme has been initiated in Finschhafen area, where native cc munities have established n groves containing 25,000 seed n during the past nine months.

In addition to planting, villag are being encouraged to clear s work existing groves which have come heavily overgrown, and wh the only nuts used were the required for food. In such areai village of about 150 people has bi known to collect £75 for one mom output of copra.

Similar planting will start si in the Kaiapit Sub-District (popi. tion 14,000) at the head of Markham Valley, 80 miles northv of Lae. Existing mature gro< when cleared and worked, may g 100 tons of copra, worth £7,500.

Last year natives of Finschha Sub-District produced 12 tons coffee, and are being encouraged improve and extend their coi plots. This coffee production ' initiated before the war by Lutheran Mission. A start has b made on coffee-planting in Wain Sub-District.

[?] oan Youth Chooses

p. 41

Medical Career

fatu S. Utu, recent winner of a a the American House of Represen i. representing Sa'ole County, has [hen up politics to engage in a il career. He departed for Fiji on iry 13 on the TOFUA with Jessy T. ulu. lerome P. Maua'i and Miki id, to begin the four-years course Suva Medical School, fatu graduated from the American n High School in 1952 and, shortly was confined to hospital with tuber- He recovered, and made a reso that he would some day take up ic so he could help his people in •atle against this disease. Surren the stately importance of being a i Representative, for a hard four course in Suva, indicates his sin-

shows Falefatu with Representa rieta Mulitauaopole, only woman ntative in Legislature of Ameri moa.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 41-42 (2 items)

39

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

imagine

It’s a bigger job

than You

HANDS

THAT

NEVER

LEAVE

THE

WHEEL

Like a harbour pilot, an Executor takes complete charge at short notice. Unlike a pilot, he becomes responsible for more than he c ? n asse^s scattered throughout the Islands, Australia, and elsewhere. Because he cannot neglect his own affairs, a private Executor must signal for assistance, thus subjecting the Estate to unnecessary expense, awkward delays, and possible losses.

Steer clear of these dangers by appointing Burns Philp Trust ic??S^ Dy fv^ in S ted as y 9F Executor. Thoroughly familiar with the islands, the Company handles widely-dispersed assets through its OTganteation. A free, 20-page booklet, “Hands That Never Ef ave The Wheel, is obtainable from any branch of Burns SJjP ( gou th Sea) Company, Burns Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or direct from the Trust Company’s nearest office.

James Burns P.T.W. Black

DIRECTORS:

Joseph Mitchell Eric Priestley Lee MANAGER: L. S. Parker.

SECRETARY: E. R. Overton, F.A.S.A.

BURNS PHILP TRUST

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Of Kauri

p. 42

Is Replacement

Possible In Islands?

WHEN the Europeans came i the South Pacific, forests of almost priceless Kauri tiir extended from the North Island New Zealand, up through New Cj donia and New Hebrides, into southern Solomons. There is much Kauri left now—traders ; sawmillers have been nibbling a for 100 years, and there has b no systematic re-planting, ouh NZ.

There is a big timber enterp based on Kauri, in Vanih (southern Solomons). In its laj review, the BSI Government s that a forestry officer (Mr. Had! has been stationed on Vanikoro a start made on “survey enumeration of the remain Kauri, and on small-scale exp ments to see if it is economic practicable to speed up the repls ment of the felled timber.”

The outcome will be interesting has been generally assumed t Kauri is so slow-growing that planting of Kauri forests is economic, if the usual reafforestaj methods are followed. t The new Miramar Hotel, at Bay of Citrons, on the Corm Road, Noumea, has just been c« pleted. It features an exclm restaurant and night-club. TIE is a possibility that the Cercle 0 will have its bar licence transfer to this new hotel.

Advertisements & other items, p. 42 (1 item)

40

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Problem Of Pidgin English In Its

pp. 43-45

How Should You Spell “Mifela”?

Present Written Form

N the various interesting comments on Professor Hall’s new book, Hands Off Pidgin —a denee of New Guinea’s commercial ' raLas oommn 8.

“I still cannot understand what gained by spelling such words my, mi; belong, bilong; piccamy, pikinini; you, yu— and so . Is the idea to make it look un-English as possible?” j e rv fair commpnt a«3 « rnoHor fact thoseTf us who hon? that • P-NG mav bP listed in its task of maSng if llion NG natives literate, by using Igm as a stepping-stone from vernaculars to simple English /e often wondered why High icialdom in New Guinea has troved this kind of Pidgin spell-

°Until°recent Sy |elS “almost

, g , aeciaea that the only

practicable medium of instruction, in this Islands Tower of Babel, was the Beach Lingo, Pidgin. Necessarily, they reduced it to writing Lutherans—themselves had a poor knowledge of English; and there fore they proceeded to spell Pidgin- English phonetically, and in accord ance with European rather than English pronunciation of the Roman alphabet. From the English speak cr s point of view, the result is horrible; but, until now (when the question of how best to use Pidgin ™ edi . un \ of introduc worried aboutfit anSBS n ° ° n6 haS wo ; rlea aDOUt , No , w ’ however, High Officialdom should take a firm stand. If Pidgin 18 ~° he used as the first step in natlve education—and Hall and others insist that no other course

Slid*be either wfp^Tout

the step from reading and writing

in Pidgin to reading and writing in simple English becomes easy.

Obviously, if the native is made partly literate in Pidgin, with phonetic spelling, the task of educa tion is doubled. In order to use a simple English, as the open door to general education, he has virtually to learn reading and writing all over again.

THE other day, we of the PIM made a practical test. We pre sented one of the Pidgin news sheets issued in New Guinea to a New Guinea planter—a well educated man on furlough in Syd ney—and asked him what it meant.

When he read it to himself (in the wav in which you and I read) he could make little of it—frankly confessed that he could not get the meaning. But when we took over the sheet, and read it aloud, phonetically, and giving Con tinental values to the vowels, he understood it immediately.

Without being masters of the lingo, we editorial folk have heard Pidgin spoken many times, and understand its construction and can generally follow its meaning. If written Pidgin were spelled as in English, we could read it and get its meaning. But we have not a clue to the meaning of Pidgin, spelled as it is now.

The Mission bodies which have adopted this phonetic spelling, and

produced considerable school litera ture in this medium, will, of course, resist any change-over from phonetic to English spelling.

In the interests of the Dual Territory as a whole, this matter should be considered on the top level before the country is irrevoc ably committed to this form of

written Pidgin, and a decision i If orthodox English spellin Pidgin is considered desirable i general interests of native e tion, the Mission bodies shou expected to conform to the r even if they had to be comper for printed material thus ren valueless. Continued on next

It does not matter to the native Eether he is taught to spell in the iglish fashion, or phonetically. The ct that a non-English missionary n deal more easily with phonetic ly-spelled Pidgin is of lesser im rtance than the fact that a native ungster, introduced to Pidgin iglish words in their English elling, already has his foot on the reshold of literacy.

An Expert Opinion

IHE PIM asked Mr. H. E. Maude, Director of the Social Develop ment Section of the South cific Commission’s Research uncil, if he had any comment to ike.

Vlr. Maude agreed that, in view the native-education tasks which :e the various Administrations in ; Southwest Pacific, this matter whether more effective use could made of Pidgin English was one growing importance. He said, weve r, that experiments had iwn that the native when taught it the letters of the English ihabet had certain fixed values iat is, phonetic spelling) could re easily learn to read and write Pidgin than in orthodox English, jerson unacquainted with English is it most difficult to follow the ;aries of English spelling— ugh, tough, through, plough, for ,mple, all pronounced differently, t when a native had been taught metic spelling, it was more dif ilt for him to learn orthodox lling and pronunciation. [ had been noted in the Solomons I New Hebrides and, to a lesser ent in New Guinea, that Pidgin » slowly but steadily changing in racter, and developing an affinity h orthodox English. Native gin speakers of the present eration had a certain difficulty following the Pidgin spoken by ir grandfathers. This might plify the problem for the cationalists. [t may well be that, in view of growing urgency of native educa i problems, the time will come a review of the system of writ- Pidgin English, which was pted many years ago under con ons which now have changed 7 much,” said Mr. Maude. r. H. J. Whyte, B.Med, MB, Ch.B. been appointed senior lecturer head of the Department of siology at the Central Medical 001, Fiji. A New Zealander, he ed with RNZAF in the Pacific mg the war. Later, he graduated n Otago University with dis xion, and has lately been re nt officer, Waikato Hospital, NZ. i’. P. W. Downes, MB, Ch.B, 29t;-old graduate of Bristol Uni ity, England, has been apnointed nedical officer in Fiji by the th Pacific Health Service.

H Rev. Father Francis Wiesenthal, SVD, recently celebrated the golden jubilee of his ordination at Alexishafen, NG. Father Wiesenthal, now 75 years of age, has served his mission in New Guinea for almost 50 years.

II Mr. and Mrs. C W. Seton, well known planters in the British Solo mon Islands, are at present on furlough in NSW. Mrs. Seton’s health has not been good for some time and she has been receiving ex pert treatment in Sydney.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 43-46 (5 items)

41

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - M A R C H . 1955

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42

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT]

43

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

44

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

Trapped

p. 47

[?] Abaul’S Native

She Rlock Holmes

How a Criminal Was Trapped

From Our Own Correspondent

Rabaul, Feb. 28.

i RABAUL native constable, L Onivi, gets full credit for solv ing a rape case which had the iropean Police staff frankly baffled.

A half-caste girl complained to dice on December 17 that a native id raped her near Malaytown that ly. She described her attacker, 10 had said he was a police-boy; it failed to identify him in line >s of all native policemen.

This left police to search among e 40,000 natives in the Rabaul )kopo District—a hopeless task.

Onivi attended a sing-sing at )kopo early in January. A native med Wami, whom he knew as o, asked Onivi if the police had rested anyone in connection with j attack on the Asian girl; and m asked if there were likely to any investigating police attend ; the sing-sing. »Vhen Onivi said he thought there uld be, Leo (who was decorated readiness to join the dancers) re

moved his regalia and left the sing sing.

On January 16, walking near a boyhouse in Rabaul, Onivi heard two boys inside discussing some one.

One boy said: “Tell him to come to Rabaul and go on the Kulu to Port Moresby.”

Onivi entered the boyhouse and asked: “Who’s going to Port Moresby?”

“Someone,” he was told. “A man.”

Onivi knew the two boys were friends of Leo’s, and connected the discussion with Leo’s queries at the sing-sing. He discussed the matter with another constable and then reported it to Sub-Inspector Gallen.

The Kulu was at a wharf taking on cargo, preparatory tq leaving for Moresby.

Two native police were stationed to watch the ship, all night, but Leo did not appear.

Sub-Inspector Gallen and two native police visited the Kokopo plantation where Leo worked. Leo had left without notice the day be fore.

Sub-Inspector Gallen detailed all police who knew Leo to search the town area for him. Fifteen minutes later, Leo, after a short chase, was captured in the vicinity of the boy house where Onivi had picked up his final clue.

In a line-up at the police station Leo’s victim picked him out with out hesitation. He denied the charge; then broke down and con fessed; and on February 25, in the Supreme Court, he got 10 years’ hard labour.

Advertisements & other items, p. 47 (2 items)

45

CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

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Well-Printed Book

p. 48

Is More

Indian Than Fijian

A COPY of the third edition of the Vivekananda High School Times Annual is to hand.

Printed in English, Hindi, and Fijian, with a great many photo graphic illustrations, this 100-page publication is a pleasant surprise.

Larger schools in more advanced countries produce much less ambiti ous annual publications than this.

Cost of the publication was well supported by advertisers and the actual printing was carried out by the Sangam Sarada Printing Press of Nadi.

The Vivekananda School is operated by the Ramaknshna Mission, and is one of many similar schools in Fiji. Though the articles contained in the Annual are of gen eral interest, the reader is made aware that the policy of this school is to orient the interest of its pupils more towards India than towards Fiji. The pupils may be third generation Fiji-born—but they still are being trained to think of India as their real home. For religious reasons this probably could not be otherwise —but it does emphasise the racial problems that exist in Fiji.

Whereas in Hawaii the Japanese immigrant has become in the main

a Hawaiian-American in outlook as well as in racial status and citizen ship, this Fiji school Annual serves to indicate that such a desirable change has not yet occurred in Fiji. fl District Officer Bill Purdy, of New Guinea, was married to Miss Ruth McMurtrie, of Sydney, at Vaucluse, Sydney, in February. The couple returned to New Guinea after honeymooning in Tasmania.

fl Major-General L. E. C. ] Perowne, CB, CBE, General Offic Commanding the 17th Gurk] Division (of which the Ist Battalic Fiji Infantry Regiment, has form a part) will pay a brief visit to Fi from Malaya, in March, travelli; aboard one of the RAF transpc aircraft which carries a periodic draft of troops from and to Malaj While in Fiji, General Perowne w be the guest of the Fiji Gover ment.

Advertisements & other items, p. 48 (2 items)

46

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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New Discoveries In Pacific Fishing

p. 49

Mr. Hubertus Van Pel, Fish

eries Officer of the South Pacific Commission, has re turned to SPC Headquarters in Noumea. He brought back from Dutch New Guinea the startling news of the discovery of sharks and sawfish in Lake Sentani, a freshwater lake 20 miles in from the coast and about 500 feet above sea-level.

Specimens of these freshwater sharks have been sent to Holland for examination.

In Tonga, last year, Mr. van Pel experimented with trolling, using a wooden depth-kite about 2 ft by 1 ft in size. This gave a catch fifteen times larger than that obtained by

surface fishing in the same locality.

Mr. Van Pel said one sawfish was more than 10 feet long.

“The only explanation the Dutch scientists could give was that the lake, thousands of years ago, was fed from the sea at sea level,” he said. “Then a volcano eruption took the lake 500 feet up when mountains rose out of the sea. The change from salt to fresh water was so gradual that the sharks and other habitual sea fish became acclim atised.”

If Mr. John Hagen, of Noumea, was in Sydney in February, completing arrangements under which passeng ers will be carried on his ship, Neo Hebrides 11, on its run between Syd ney and the West Pacific Islands.

Mr. van Pel with the crew of the fish ing-vessel “De Goede Hoope”, and a good catch.

Chinese Minister's

p. 49

Arrival

New Chinese Methodist Minister to Rabaul, the Reverend John S«, who arrived in February with his 12-years-old daugh ter Miriam. He has been preaching for 18 years in the Far East, and tvas ordained in 1045 in North- West China. He has travelled as a min ister in ID Chinese provinces, Japan, the Philippines, and Malaya. He had a narrow es cape from the Japanese in 1D42 when he left Hong Kong for Fukien.

Reverend Su is an accomplished mu sician and can play ten instru ments. He com posed all , the melodies of “Heavenly People Choruses”, the first Chinese Methodist Hymn Book, and many of the lyrics.

Miriam, his eldest daughter, is follow ing in her father’s footsteps musically.

Mrs. Su, now in Hong Kong, with two younger daug ters, expects to join her husband soon.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 49-50 (3 items)

47

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

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48

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH II

New Year Engagement

p. 51

[r. E. A. James, MLC, of Port resby, has been on a business t to Sydney and Melbourne dur the past fortnight.

[?]opular Apia couple, Anita Bartley and Rapson, who announced their en tment on New Year’s Eve. Anita is daughter of well-known businessman [?]lo Bartley, and Lex is working at the [?]lo meteorological station. They plan [?]ved early this year.

British Solomons Plan To

pp. 51-53

Cinderella Territory Seeks A Way Out

Woo Private Enterprise

THE British Government’s new policy for the development of the Solomon Islands was out lined in general terms by the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir Robert Stanley) when he opened the BSI Advisory Coun cil meeting in Honiara on February 10. Sir Robert had recently returned from a discussion in London with the British Colonial Office; and he told the Council that: • BSI would receive some special grants (amounts not yet known) wherewith to “finance a develop ment programme and encourage private enterprise.” • A “Development Secretary” will be appointed, to be responsible for the organisation and supervision of developmental schemes. • As it was not possible for “a Government by itself, however much money it spends, to develop a terri tory such as this without the assist

ance of private enterprise and the stimulus of competition,” official steps will be taken to encourage private enterprise to enter the Solomons. Specific proposals are being examined by the Territory Treasurer, Mr. McLeod Smith, now in London. • The taxation system is being overhauled, with a view to giving private enterprise some relief from “the burden of income tax and sur tax.” • A “Trade Development Officer,” who should undertake fairly frequent visits to Sydney and other important centres, so as to make contact with business people and the Press, and to seek better publicity for BSI resources and opportunities, will be appointed.

Sir Robert, at some length, de scribed measures which were being taken to improve the general standard of administration and pro

vide essential social services; but the great difficulty of holding and training sufficient staff to achieve such ends appeared again and again throughout his review. To assist its purpose of maintaining an adequate staff, the administration s spending large sums in providing adequate housing, attractive salaries and other amenities.

The Economic Position

IN 1954, exports were worth £A1,930,000 and imports £A1,230,368. The Government’s revenues totalled £A506,711 (£A59,000 above estimate) and expenditure was £A603,000; and most of the deficit is being met by a special grant from Britain.

Copra exports totalled 19,021 tons (16,488 tons in 1953) and are esti mated at the same, or a little less, in 1955. Trochus and green snail shell exports were 796 tons (562 in 1953); and super-feet of timber shipped away totalled 4,350,000 (1,800,000 in 1953).

Progress has been made in cocoa planting in Malaita; the possibility of coffee growing is being investi gated; and a special British grant is available for investigation of rice growing.

The Hu Farm Scheme has been discontinued and the cattle are be

ing distributed throughout BSI — Levers have taken 50 for breeding purposes.

The report shows that, despite very limited resources in personnel and funds, a Geological Survey has been going on, especially in Guadal canal. More than traces of some

valuable metals have been found certain of the main islands, and tJ Survey will proceed during 1955. is here that private enterprise rrr be interested, if metals are fou in quantity. It will be remember that private interprise, in the sha of the Emperor Gold Co., of F'

was all ready to explore the gold deposits of Guadalcanal, in the •Forties, but was literally chased out of the Protectorate by the British Socialist Government, which planned the development of BSI by Socialist

processes alone.)

Transport Problems

THE High Commissioner is frank and outspoken on the subject of shipping—and rightly so, for the future of this great archipelago necessarily is bound up with ships.

Nearly all BSI activities depend on vater transport; yet the BSI head juarters, after the war, were placed it Honiara, which is almost an open •oadstead —and apart from lighters, s still without loading and unload ing and docking facilities.

While demands for shipping facil ties have increased, the Govern nent’s fleet of small ships has [iminished. However, an order is icing placed in Hong Kong for a 05-ft diesel vessel to run on a egular schedule within BSI; the \etua is being re-engined; and the f ovala may be available shortly.

'lans have been made for ship epair facilities at Tulagi; and there i talk of providing a floating dock.

BSI roads are in poor condition — specially those around Honiara, hat is because the officials have een unable to get spare parts for leir road-grader, which still is im tobilised.

Considerable improvements have sen effected at Kukum airfield lear Honiara) and plans are be ig made to restore the once-famous enderson airfield (on Guadalcanal) i international standard. Munda rfield may be restored to use, in ace of that at Barakoma.

A plan for the establishment of al port facilities at Honiara will on be submitted to London.

Sir Robert Stanley dealt at some ngth with matters of domestic •ncern education, medical ser ces and the encouragement of eas of local self-government among e Protectorate’s 100,000 natives.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 51-52 (3 items)

49

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1955

Dunlop

get n'° rc <f °"! so *‘« «ft* ■ ou ©«£ * thoUS an«»s d °’ Jj Broader, tougher treads, casings of the world’s best rayon, high tensile dual beads and tread patterns designed and proved for every kind of hauling are the marks of every Dunlop tyre.

There’s extra mileage in every tyre and that means more trucking at lower cost in the

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FLOUR, MEALS AND SHARPS IN ALL PACKS, INC. TINS AND DRUMS.

THE QUEENSLAND CO-OPERATIVE MILLING ASSOC. LTD., Sth. Brisbane.

50

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Britain’s SW Pacific

p. 53

[?]Itorial Note

Britain’s SW Pacific Headache

U E must recognise the courage, T and the healthy spirit of optimism with which Sir hert Stanley faces his heartbreak ? task of trying to find a way which this great archipelago may developed for the general good, rightly argues that it is primarily job for private enterprise.

But —as the PIM repeatedly has mted out—the obstacles may not surmounted by a British Colonial nee preoccupied with Africa and est Indies affairs, and with little -erest in the South Pacific.

Fiji does not come into the pic re That Crown Colony already well-established and self-support

ing, and making sound economic progress under its own steam. The only other British possessions in the South Pacific are the Gilbert and Ellice Colony (an over-popu lated chain of atolls where no further developmental effort is needed), the British share of the New Hebrides (where all develop mental and settlement possibilities are literally paralysed by the exist ence of the Condominium), and the great Solomons archipelago, potenti ally rich but still economically use less, because neither Australian planter, South Seas trader nor British Government ever has found the initiative to establish a worth while industry there.

Sir Robert Stanley is doing—and will do—his very best, with the

limited facilities at his command.

But the task is one for Australia; and nothing much can be accom plished in the Solomons until that fact—with its economic and defence implications—is accepted by high officialdom. t Polynesian Association of Sydney meets at about 6-weekly intervals, or when any particular group of Islands people happens to be visit ing Sydney. It meets in a hall be low Victorian Tourist Bureau, north side of Martin Place, between Pitt and Castlereagh Streets, For in formation contact Mr. Len Moran, phone FW4661, between 6 pm-7 pm daily; postal address: PO Box 2232, Sydney, NSW.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 53-54 (3 items)

51

ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly MARCH, 1955

Robert Gillespie Pty. Ltd.

WIMBLEDON

MOWER ,

Cuts clean Cuts fast .

Cuts all Grasses Baked enamel finish . . . Chromium plating gives all weather protection . . . Cutting edges are carbon steel . . . Lightweight tubular handle cannot work loose . . . Rubber tyres . . . Self-adjusting ball bearings. Available 5 or 7 Blades full width 14 inch cut.

REPRESENTATIVES FOR PACIFIC ISLANDS

ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD.

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N S r/- / The continuous oil exploration activities of Australasian Petroleum Co, Pty, Ltd. carry them throughout the length and breadth of Papua. Weather conditions are at all times extreme and protection of men and equipment is vital. That is why they specify canvas goods, tents and covers, made from WARDEN proofed fabrics.

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specify WARDEN

52

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

Suva Point Church to Have a Tower

p. 55

Miss Keren Rees, recently a sister i the staff of Royal Prince Alfred Dspital, Sydney, has taken up an ipointment as matron of the mru hospital.

ff Mr. Trevor Nixon, popular mem ber of the staff of Rarotonga Radio, was farewelled at a large party re cently on his departure for a new position in New Zealand.

If Mr. and Mrs. Len Doble, both registered nurses, flew to New Guinea in mid-February, where they will join the nursing staff of the Hansenide Colony, near Mt. Hagen.

All within a few weeks, Mrs. Doble has completed her nursing train ing at Wahroonga Sanitarium, Syd ney, married in Christchurch and gone to NG.

The interior of St. Luke’s Church, Suva Point, which a year or so ago. was built voluntary labour. The same band of enthusiastic workers are now adding a tower the church.

Photo: Stinsons Studio.

Advertisements & other items, p. 55 (2 items)

53

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

John Viw«T

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In the heart of Northamptonshire, more than 1400 John White craftsmen are now producing millions of pairs a year just right in style, comfort and value-for-money.

TRADE ENQUIRIES from bulk-buyers for wholesale quantities can be addressed either to John White Footwear Ltd., Higham Ferrers, Northamptonshire, England or their Agents for the Pacific Islands Messrs. E. Whiteaway & Co., 4/7 Chiswell Street, London, E.C.i., England.

This smart Oxford style with storm-welt is particularly popular

MADE IN ENGLAND

In The Solomons

p. 56

Historic Mission Island

A PROMINENT part in the 50th anni versary celebrations of the Methodist Mission on Vella Lavella, British Solo mons, in November-December, was taken by the Rev. and Mrs. A. A. Bensley (now living in retirement at Tauranga, New Zealand) who were missionaries at Vella Lavella between 1922 and 1935. They were succeeded by the Rev, A. W. E. Silvester, who stuck to his post during the Jap anese invasion and, for his courage in rescuing Allied sailors and airmen, re ceived the highest US civil decoration At the celebrations it was recalled that a Fijian teacher, Ratu Aporosa. was established at Vella Lavella in 1904, fol lowing the first Christian service con ducted there by the late Rev. J. F. Goldie in March, 1904. The Rev. R. C. Nichol son, appointed in 1907, continued the pioneeing work at Vella Lavella. The cen tral feature of this Mission jubilee was the opening of a new church at Bilua (at the southern end of the island, where Mission headquarters are situated).

Messages were received from Mrs.

Nicholson (widow of the first resident white missionary there), the Rev. A. W.

E. Silvester (now living in New Zealand), Dr. A. G, Rutter (of London, for several years the mission medical officer in BSD, and Sister Winifred Poole (of NZ. w r ho was stationed there for some years).

All mission buildings on Vella Lavella

were demolished by bombing and subse quent land operations in 1942-43. Ameri can troops landed there in August, 1943, and a New Zealand brigade arrived in mid-September to mop up 800 Japs hold ing areas at the north of the island. On the night of October 6-7, many of the

Japs were evacuated after two weeks skirmishing under difficult jungle cox tions. Vella Lavella was occupied by New Zealanders for some months, w a fighter strip was built by the Am cans for use in their offensive agai

Jap-held Bougainville.-

A.J.S.

Advertisements & other items, p. 56 (2 items)

54

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L

Sleepmakers Pty. Ltd

ETABUSSEMENTS DONALD TAHITI

HEAD OFFICE QUAI DU COMMERCE PAPEETE.

Telegraphic Address: “DONALD, PAPEETE.”

General Merchants (Wholesale Cr Retail) Cr Shipowners

Importers Cr Exporters

Branches Throughout the Marquesas Islands ASSOCIATE HOUSES: A. B. Donald, Ltd., Auckland, N.Z.; A. B. Donald, Ltd., Rarotonga, Cook Is.; Dominion Fruit Co., Suva, Fiji.

Lloyd’s Agents.

Booking and Handling Agents for Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd.

Agents and Distributors for:

FRANCE: Hennessy Cognacs; Marie Brizard & Roger Liqueurs; Charles Heidsieck Champagnes; Gruber Beer.

NEW ZEALAND: Vacuum Oil Co. (N.Z.), Ltd., Petroleum Products.

SWEDEN: Hjorth & Co., Primus Stoves: Elektrolux Refrigerators & Motors.

GERMANY: Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg; Beck’s Beer, Bremen.

U.S.A.: General Steamship Corp.; Radio Corp. of America; Brown & Williamson, Ltd.; Cigarettes: Lucky Strike, Wings; Champion Spark Plug Co.; Steelcote Paints & Lacquers; Remington Rand Inc.

ENGLAND: Reckitt & Colman (Overseas), Ltd.; Hercules Bicycles; The Bank Line, Ltd.; The Shaw Savill & Albion Company, Ltd.

Sydney Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD. San Francisco Agents: BURNS- PHILP CO. OF SAN FRANCISCO, INC. London Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD. Agents in France: HARTH & CIE, PARIS; A. BICKART, MARSEILLES.

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I shame.

p. 57

War Damage

I had an old cat and I loved him, Though really he wasn’t much use.

Ihe one thing he really excelled at Was cats like himself to produce. rhough sometimes the colour was different, , The head and the tail were the same— ?or the head, well, it always was hungry, ; And the other end, well it’s a

I shame.

mothered this cat through the ages, I fed him on tit-bits and such.

' liked him, but if he’d departed I wouldn’t have cared very much. ioon three hundred cats roamed the jungle, And there’d only been one there before, yhen a lively young Government ) agent Contacted me after the War. hadn’t seen much of the fighting— I’d kept myself well out of range— -0 when he said each cat’s worth ten bob, 1 thought the idea mighty strange.

But I started in then to cut notches For the cats that my old cat had sired. y the time I had finished the task— well, I had three accomplices hired. ve retired my old cat on a pension, He sleeps in a box full of straw, nd before we pass on to beyond, well, We’re hoping for just one more war!

Milne Bay Peasant.

ipua.

Australian Writer on Safari

p. 57

Mr. Colin Simpson on a Highlands air [?]p. New Guinea, in October. The pack [?]s in the background are part of the [?]ipment which went with him into the [?]ndi area.

Exit the Cockroach?

p. 57

THANKS to two insecticides de veloped by the Shell Company, it appears that that standard “prop” of Island novelists—the cockroach-infested trading vessel — will very soon be a thing of the past.

Two powerful insecticides named Aldrin and Dieldrin, mixed with a

lacquer and sprayed onto walls, are guaranteed to render them wholly repellant to cockroaches for up to 2 years. The lacquer slowly exudes very fine crystals of the repellents.

Scrubbing of the walls in no way reduces the potency of the mixture.

The preparation—and the separate insecticides —are now being used in various applications, such as in fly and locust plagues, all over the world with considerable success.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 57-58 (3 items)

55

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

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56

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH 11

Administrative Reforms In New Guinea

pp. 59-61

What Is Canberra Planning

Now?

Land Reforms Linked With Slow

Administrative Reforms In New Guinea

LTO one—except some sections of .1 high officialdom —seems to be happy about Australian Terri fies Minister Hasluck’s new land nd settlement policy in New ruinea.

The Minister and his Canberra dvisers have inaugurated a policy nder which the acquisition of land i Papua-New Guinea, its allotment, s sale and its use are to be rigidly mtrolled by a Land Board and by series of instrumentalities subject i the Board.

A section of the well-informed id experienced people of Papua ew Guinea (with which the CM associates itself) has crit ised the Hasluck plan as too ealistic and impractical. These itics favour a much more elastic stem, directly controlled by the perienced high officials on the ot in the Territories—a system der which lands may be selected serve certain purposes, and the ;ht type of settler may be en gaged, so that he may fit into ; native as well as into the Euro an economy of the country.

Ct is argued that, for purposes

of successful land settlement and development, in a country like New Guinea, rigid control by Canberra minded bureaucrats is about the last factor which should be intro duced.

WHEN we expressed these views, some four months ago, we re ceived official assurances that the dangers we feared would be countered by a new system of Dis trict administration, about to be in troduced. The plan apparently pro vides that the District Commissioner will be relieved of the shackles of routine administration, but instead will become a sort of sub-governor, responsible directly to the Admin istrator in Port Moresby; that the Department of District Services will disappear, to be replaced by a De partment responsible for Native Affairs; and that the DC will have a very influential voice in all that is done in his District in land alloca tion and settlement.

That seemed a more flexible and therefore a better arrangement and to answer the complaint that land

settlement is in danger of becom ing too rigid, impersonal, and sub iect to bureaucratic machinery. The majority of DC’s are men well qualified by experience and outlook to direct and influence the right kind of European land settlement.

But later information from the Dual Territory indicates that this reform of District Services is lag ging and stumbling. High Official dom has announced that it will not be given effect to until after the end of this financial year.

More disturbing is the report— from a source usually authentic — that Canberra does not propose, as a matter of course, to use the present District Commissioners under the new set-up. Instead, in most cases, the present DC is to become merely the head of the reorganised Native Affairs Department in his particular District; while the new District Commissioners are to be beings of a superior class, specially vetted for the job—and, doubtless, specially chosen by Canberra.

WE can only express the hope that this is not true. But we fear that it may be true—it would be so typical of the Canberra planners—typical of the gentlemen who, for example, almost always go off into the blue and choose an ex politician or a superannuated Army man when an Administrator is wanted for Norfolk Island or Nauru, and who ignore the obvious claims

of the trained and experienced men with good administrative records in the bigger Territories.

However, nothing is to be gained by an outcry at this stage. The Dual Territory can but wait and see what the Canberra set-up of politicians and bureaucrats is going lo produce on July 1.

Meanwhile, time will pass. T> years were wasted while N Hasluck cogitated, and laid a; painfully hatched his land-settl ment egg. All the proposed N» Guinea soldierTsettlers became years older and more discouraged and many drifted away to oth fields. Now, we shall add anoth

six months—while the Land Board threshes around looking for adequate staff, and wraps itself in endless cocoons of red tape. ( In comparison with what could be [lone with the Eight Millions Per innum which Australia is pouring nto the Territories, that which is jeing accomplished in land settle nent by Europeans is pitiful and ihameful. But Australia, appar sntly, could not care less. Politicians md bureaucrats can get away with inything, in these days. |/|EANWHILE, we receive many jl comments upon the land and development situation in New guinea.

From a former high official ; What lakes you think that Canberra is irepared to surrender one iota of ts power? Nothing will convince

them that any part of an admin istrative job can be done better by the man in the field.

From a Former New Guinea Civilian, now resident in Queens land: I think an important prin ciple—very vital in this regimented age—is involved in this land-settle ment matter in the Highlands. . .

Obviously, the method of personal selection, co-ordinated by the re sponsible DC on the spot, and in agreement with the natives con cerned, is the only one whereby Papua and New Guinea can be fairly and adequately opened up.

Keep hammering away!

The Tamworth (NSW) branch of the Graziers’ Association, anxious

to see European settlement increase In New Guinea, and disturbed by reports of Governmental failure to get on with settlement plans, de cided to recommend the annual con ference to make representations direct to the Minister. t The Annual General Meeting of Guadalcanal (Solomon Islands) Club members elected the following office bearers: President, Mr. P. N, Dalton; Vice-President, Dr. R. F. Payne; Secretary, Mr. A. P. Peebles; Treasurer, Mr. A. Whiting; Com mittee Members, Mrs. R. Raffles, Mrs. M. Symes, Mr. K. Hain and Mr. L. Wiseman.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 59-60 (3 items)

57

C IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

C. Sullivan (Export) Pty. Ltd.

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And at Melbourne, and Brisbane.

Associated Companies: c ' su c'sSa,'vr;;?; ss- “ »i. * LTD -' 22 Swanson St., Auckland N.Z.

C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD. Suva Fiii C. SULLIVAN INC., 230 California Street, San Francisco, U.S.A.

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Phone: UM 8436. Cables; Woolmill, Sydney

58

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

Rea-Winsbury Wedding

p. 61

A photograph of Mr. and Mrs. Allan [?]nsbury, cutting the cake at their wed [?]g reception, at the home of Mr. and s. W. J. Stubbs, in Suva, Fiji, on [?]uary 5. The bride was formerly [?]ss Vega Rea, daughter of Mrs. A. M. [?] of Auckland and the late Mr. A. W. a of Nausori, Fiji; she has been school chin? in Fiji. Mr. Winsbury is an glishman and is with Overseas Tele omunications in Suva.

The bride wore a tailored, off-white cade Dior gown and was attended by ss Jackie Stubbs. Mr. W. J. Stubbs [?] r e the bride away and Mr. Rodney Cole [?]s best man. The wedding ceremony [?] k place at Suva Point Church of Eng [?]d.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 61-62 (3 items)

59

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY march. 1955

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Write to us for full details of the range of ‘ Chula ’ Copra Dryers and other coconut processing machinery.

And if you grow rubber . . . . ..we will be pleased to show you how the latest Huttenbach Rubber Machinery can help you to improve quality and increase output

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Agents Papua : The B.N.G. Trading Co Ltd. Port Moresby.

New Guineai: Burns Philp(New Guinea) Ltd. Rabaul, Lae. Madang and Kavieng Mji, Samoa, Tonga: Morris Hedstrom, Ltd. Suva. Fiji.

Solomon Islands: K. H. Dalrymple Hay Esq., Honiara.

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60

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Sda Missionaries

p. 63

Meet In Suva

OF the fifty delegates present at

the second Quadrennial Session of the Central Pacific Union

Meeting of Seventh Day Adventists,

in Suva, in January, exactly half

were native people, representing the

ten SDA Pacific mission fields.

Also present were Pastor E. E. Roen felt, Australian-born associate secretary »f the General Conference of SDA, of Washington, DC, and Pastors F. G.

Clifford, L. C. Naden, and E. J. Johanson. president, secretary and treasurer, re spectively, of the Australasian Division, fhe session was under the chairmanship »f Pastor G. Branster, president of the Central Pacific Union Mission.

In his opening address, Pastor Branster Irew attention to the dangers threatening he world and stressed the need for the ihurch to be prepared for the tremendous ssues of these remarkable times, fhe one, and only, reason for the hurch’s existence, he said, is the up- Ifting of humanity.

Secretary-treasurer E. W. Howse re orted that church membership through ut the Territory of the Union had more ban doubled in the last six years. The otal working force of the area numbered 66. which included 36 national ordained linisters.

Said Mr. Howse: “During the quad ennium under review, many of our native 'orkers have been given added re

sponsibilities, not only in carrying administrative work, but also in develop ing the departmental interests of our local missions, and in caring for districts within the mission territory.”

Education Secretary, A. W. Martin, re ported an improving standard in Seventh day Adventist mission schools throughout the Central Pacific Union territory as more and more well-trained teachers are graduated from Fulton College.

The college principal, Pastor L. S. Wood, MA, Dip. Ed., said that courses in Theology, teaching, business, and building construction were available. The academic standard was approximately equal to that of secondary schools in Australia and New Zealand. “In ail our class work,” said Pastor Wood, “emphasis is main tained on the practical side of education.

All students who enter the secondary school and who pass through training courses are required to take some form of manual training. The boys are en rolled in woodwork classes and the girls are enrolled in domestic science classes.

Plans are under way to include a course in agricultural science. We believe this will be of great practical benefit to our Islands students.” The college staff com prises eight European teachers and 10 nationals drawn from various Islands groups.

Following the Fiji hurricane of 1952, Dorcas Societies distributed more than 6,000 articles of clothing and 1,196 baskets of food, according to Pastor R. L. Aveling’s report of the activities of the Church Missionary Society.

Reporting on the various aspects of the Young People’s Society, Pastor A. W.

Martin said that First Aid classes have been taken up in earnest in most island groups. Last year St. John’s examiner had examined classes in Aitutaki (where 100 young folk passed), and in Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, and New Hebrides. He was gratified with the standard attained by the young people of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Such training will pre pare them to render expert assistance in times of emergency.

During the conference the evangelical, educational and medical programme of the mission was examined and plans were adopted to strengthen this triad of church service.

When Sonoma sailed from Pago Pago for Hawaii and the United States in January she had aboard 8,200 cases of canned tuna from the local Van Camp cannery, and some 40 tons of Samoan mats and curios.

There is a keen demand in Hawaii and the States for these floor mats.

Advertisements & other items, p. 63 (2 items)

61

ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly MARCH. 1955

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Sugar Cane ‘Mud’

pp. 64-65

A Limited Field

The Wax That Comes From Sugar Cane ‘Mud’

IF a statement made recently by Mr. D. A. Low, a Queensland MLA, ever reached Fiji, it must have caused some interest in that

sugar-producing Colony.

Mr. Low said that the extraction of wax from sugar-cane could quickly develop into a £1 million per year project, if all sugar-mills in the State of Queensland engaged in it. At present, he said, only the Moreton Central sugar-mill at Nam bour was extracting the wax from the “mud,” and only comparatively few extraction plants were in opera tion throughout the world.

The Moreton Central mill, said Mr. Low, employed four men on its wax extraction plant. The mill was producing a ton of top-grade bleached wax per month, worth £5OO. Crude wax was worth £4OO per ton. It was marketed in Bris bane and Melbourne and used in polishes, carbon paper, greases, and for impregnating certain rope.

To discover why this valuable commodity was not being produced elsewhere in Queensland and Fiji, and to check on the market potential, PIM made some inquiries from the Colonial Sugar Refining Co.; from a Sydney firm which im

ports this and similar waxes; and from the CSIRO’s Division of In dustrial Chemistry in Melbourne; and elicited the following infor mation.

SUGAR-CANE wax is not a re cent discovery. Possibilities of its extraction from sugar cane “mud” (mulched waste remaining after extraction of the sugar) were

known prior to World War 11. B\ the cane-wax has to compete wit the well-established wax extract* from the carnauba palm nut < Brazil. Carnauba wax is current quoted on the London market : two grades—prime yellow, £Stg.9( per ton, and fatty grey, £Stg. 5' per ton.

Brazil, however, is a hard-curren< country, and this factor would i

present favour a soft-currency source of wax. CSIRO estimates that if sugar-cane wax were to com pletely replace carnauba imports, about 300 tons of mainly refined wax could be absorbed in Australia per annum, at the present time.

But consumption and price are no doubt linked. If sugar-cane wax could compete satisfactorily and could be sold at a substantially lower price, the consumption might rise sharply. CSIRO says that a ton of crude sugar-cane wax will produce about half a ton of refined wax.

CSIRO thinks there is little prospect of developing a hard currency export business. America is importing crude cane-wax from Cuba at the rate of about 550 tons per annum, and refining it in the States. r HOUGH Australian consumers prefer canauba wax at present, CSIRO says they have so far lad little incentive to use cane wax.

Australia’s carnauba supplies can be mported from England with Stori ng funds, so there would be no lollar savings. Presumably, Eng and receives carnauba wax sup plies from Brazil on a trade-exchange )asis.

Advertisements & other items, p. 64 (2 items)

62

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Steamships Trading Company Ltd

A Self Contained Sanitary System

Approved by the N.S.W. Board of Health.

THE HYGEIA DISSOLVENATOR

Established 1927.

No Water Supply Required

The Sewage matter is chemically transformed Into a sterile solution which Is absorbed by the surrounding solL

NO FLIES—NO GERMS—NO

SMELLS—NO * EMPT YIN G—

AUTOMATIC.

Any handy man can install.

Correspondence Invited. %

HYGEIA SANITARY CO. PTY. LTD.

26-30 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Phone: BU 2521 Cables: “Berbl,” Sydney

STEAMSHIPS TRADING COMPANY LTD

PORT MORESBY AND SAMARA! PAPUA

Wholesale & Retail Merchants, Shipowners, Planters, Sawmillers, Engineers, Slip Proprietor

Shipping, Customs and Insurance Agents.

MANAGING AGENTS for:

SAWMILLERS & TRADERS LTD.

AGENCIES:

COCOALANDS LTD.

ACME BAKERY COMPANY.

MARIBOI RUBBER LTD.

RUBBERLANDS LTD.

KEREMA RUBBER PLANTATIONS LTD.

NEW GUINEA AUSTRALIA LINE OF THE CHIN

NAVIGATION CO. LTD.

ROYAL INTEROCEAN LINE.

KOKE BAGU PTY., LTD.

LOLORUA RUBBER ESTATES LTD.

HARVEY TRINDER (N.S.W.) PTY..

surances effected at Lloyd’s.)

LTD. (L

DISTRIBUTORS

ARMSTRONG-HOLLAND PTY., LTD

Earth Moving and Logging Equipment.

WILLYS-OVERLAND EXPORT CORPORATION

Jeep cars, etc.

HILLMAN MOTOR CARS.

IN PAPUA for:

INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. OF AUST. LT

International Trucks, McCormick-Deering Farming Machinery, Defender Refrigerators.

SYDNEY AGENTS: NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., 12 SPRING STREET.

A Link With Old Tahiti

p. 65

Another factor is the montan wax being produced in Germany from brown coal; and CSIRO says this is equal in quality to carnauba wax and superior to cane-wax, and the price is competitive.

A small amount of cane-wax is being produced on an experimental basis in Jamaica—probably the only other British extraction plant in the world.

A spokesman for CSR Co. Ltd. said that wax extraction had been studied, but that company would not be interested unless big-scale operations were practicable. The industry was more likely to interest the small, individually-owned mills.

On the basis of these inquiries, Mr. Low’s forecast appears some what optimistic.

U Mr. S. J. (Jock) Campbell, BA, B.Ed, is now Headmaster of the Tonga High School. He was for some years on the staff of the Rabaul European School, and then in charge of the Territory’s Corre spondence School. He served with NGVR, ANGAU and the AIF in New Guinea during the war. Since then, he has been a teacher in Queensland. Mrs. Campbell is a daughter of the late Mr. Fred Hay, of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., Rabaul.

Mr. Ta’aroa Salmon Is a descendant of [?]e Royal Family of Tahiti, which until years ago played an important part in [?]e affairs of what is now French [?]eania. —Photo by Simpson.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 65-66 (3 items)

63

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R c H , 1955

can buy!

More energy... more power per gallon makes

of difference between SHELL with ICA

and any other petrol...

Specially refined SHELL has a higher energy content than any other motor spirit. Each and every drop gives out more heat . . . more energy. This is a scientific fact! When you drive on SHELL you feel this extra energy in greater power and better road performance.

You get more miles from every gallon.

The most

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Petrol you

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MS 5428 J

WITH

CORNED

f&W yu&nuUee

SALISBURY" canned meats, SPECIALLY PACKED for the PACIFIC ISLANDS are the popular choice, ALWAYS.

SAUSAGES & TOMATO SHEEP TONGUES

STEAK & KIDNEY PUDDING OX TONGUES

LAMB & GREEN PEAS SANDWICH PASTES

MIDGET (Cocktail) SAUSAGES Also "WESTFIELD" Brand

CORNED BEEF

CORNED MUTTON

MEATREAT

CORNED BEEF

CORNED BEEF WITH CEREAL

KEGGED MEATS

CORNED MUTTON

CORNED MUTTON WITH CEREAL

DRIPPING AND LARD

WESTFIELD FREEZING CO. LTD

Postal Address: Private Bag, C.P.0., Auckland, N.Z.

Cable Address: Filalora, Auckland.

64

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Copra-Cutters

p. 67

Other Side Of

The Picture

History of Italian Copra-Cutters Of N. Hebrides

THE failure of an experiment made two or three years ago on behalf of a well-known planter of the New Hebrides, in an effort to solve the local labour problem by import ing Italians as copra-cutters, has now passed into Condominium his tory.

None of those Italians are now jutting copra; but most of them are still in the Hebrides and they say ;hat their side of the story, as to vhy they did not fulfil their con tact, was never adequately pre sented.

When the planters’ agent inter ne we d the irrespective copra lutters in Italy, the Italians had 10 idea where the Hebrides were ituated in relation to the rest of he world; and knew absolutely lothing about copra or the way it /as produced. But 3,000 Pacific rancs per month, translated into talian money, plenty of sunshine,

•ananas, oranges, pineapples and

ther tropical delights sounded very

good indeed. The New Hebrides must be the land of golden oppor tunity.

When they arrived in Santo, their employer took them to the Club where they were served good meals and plenty of “vino.” Their first impressions—apart from a sudden glimmering of the high cost of liv ing in the Hebrides —bore out every thing they had imagined back in Italy.

Then they were sent by small schooner to one of the outlying plantations and here they learned what copra was, and that, norm ally, it was cut only by natives.

On their arrival the plantation manager was ill, but his wife showed them to some old buildings. These were their quarters. 'Equipment and amenities were primitive: their water supply came from two old rusty drums.

The Italians asked for a week in in order to get the place ship shape. This was granted and they

made furniture out of packing cases, and dug a well.

Their food consisted mainly of rice and salt beef; the tons of tropical fruit of their fond dreams never eventuated. Native copra cutters worked on this plantation also.

After about six weeks, the Italians went to Santo to see the plantation owner. When they got what they regarded as unsatisfactory answers from him, they left, most of them finding other local employment. t The Australian Red Cross Society has been asked to help establish a Blood Transfusion Service in Papua and New Guinea. Following a re cent visit by the Director of General Health in the Territory (Dr. J. T.

Gunther) to Australian Head quarters, it was decided than an ex perienced Blood Transfusion officer would visit the Territory. He will complete a survey and plan, without undue delay, the establishment of a service.

Advertisements & other items, p. 67 (2 items)

65

ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly MARCH, 1955

A. H. Bunting Ltd

Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

COMMERCIAL ROAD, ROZELLE, SYDNEY.

Sowmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . PILES . . . POLES .. . SLEEPERS, Etc.

Exporting to the Pacific Islands Since 1893.

A. H. BUNTING LTD

SAMARAI PAPUA

Branches at: ORO BAY AND POPONDETTA.

SAMARAI AGENTS FOR:—

Vacuum Oil Co. Pty., Ltd.

South British Insurance Co.

National Mutual Life Association

SOLE AGENTS IN PAPUA/NEW GUINEA FOR;

Polarizers (U.K.), Ltd.—Polaroid Sun Glasses * C.S.A. Industries, Eng.—Dual Freeze Refrigerators.

Webley & Scott, Ltd.—Shot Guns, Air Pistols, etc.

E. K. Cole. Ltd., London.—“Ekco” Radio Receivers.

“Getula.”—Nylon Monofilament Fish Lines.

Davison Paints, Ltd.. N.S.W.—Paint for Tropical Conditions. •Trade mark patented in USA.. Great Britain, and other countries.

REGULAR SUPPLIES OF EASTERN GOODS

WHOLESALE &■ RETAIL MERCHANTS IMPORTERS PLANTERS

Attention Spear-fishermen!

p. 68

Mr. Jack Bennett, of Raiatea, French Oceania, sends along this photo of one that did not get away. The giant cod weighed 313 lb and measured 6 ft. 11 in.

when hang: up. It was landed with a spear-gun and plenty of hard work from Fetuna Pass, Ralatea, Mr. Bennett would like photographic evidence from spear-fishermen in New Guinea, Fiji, Rarotonga and elsewhere, that they have landed a larger fish—and so would readers of PIM!

Largest known fish of this type caught by other methods in Tahiti waters, our correspondent says, weighed 381 lb.

Christmas Morning Chore

p. 68

THINGS are done differently on Pitcairn Island. There, or Christmas morning, the polling booths were open from 6 am to *7 am only, for the public to entei their annual vote for the electior of an Island Council for 1955.

Advertisements & other items, p. 68 (1 item)

Warnock Bros. Limited

AUCKLAND, N.Z.

Manufacturers of well known brands of Laundry Soap

“KIA ORA” AND “NATURU”

Obtainable from Auckland and Island Merchants

The AMPLION Lighting Plant

(PETROL ELECTRIC GENERATOR)

will give you

BETTER and BRIGHTER electric light

Runs eight to ten hours on a gallon of petrol.

Will supply up to twelve forty watt lights.

Model 300, 12 volts, 300 watts (25 amps) D.C.

Mode! 400, 32 volts, 320 watts (10 amps) D.C.

Weight 60 lbs (Both Models)

Price £B9'lQ'Q

All plants are fitted with 4 cycle air-cooled engines, press-button starting, automatic cut-out, float-feed, ball bearings and petrol filters, etc.

Manufactured B\ AMPLION (A SIA) PTY. LTD. Sydney, Australia Cables Telegrams—AMPLlON, SYDNEY p MODELS 300 and 400 Write for illustrated catalogue.

Australasia May Get Less Nauru

pp. 69-71

And Ocean Island Phosphate

The Australian Government is perturbed by a suggestion that the United Kingdom might soon exercise its right of using part of the phosphate output of Nauru and Ocean islands.

In the past, although Britain shares with Australia and New Zealand the rights of phosphate ex ploitation on these two islands, Britain has allowed her Pacific partners to use the entire output, though, of course, she has shared in the financial proceeds.

Britain’s supplies have come mainly from North Africa —Morocco especially. It now appears that the price of North African phosphate rock has risen sharply. African phosphate rock is not so high in tricalcic content as the Nauru- Ocean rock; so, unless some import ant alternative fertiliser is de veloped, it does seem highly probable that all phosphate, regardless of grade, will increase in price as sup

plies diminish.

Australia’s worry at the moment is not so much the diminishing sup plies of Nauru-Ocean —estimated by :he British Phosphate Commission ers to last about 50 years, at present rate of exploitation—but the fact ;hat the available facilities on the slands cannot process and deliver 'or export at a higher rate than hey are now doing.

Australia and New Zealand also ointly share in the phosphate min ng rights on Christmas Island, n the Indian Ocean. At present Australia takes the entire output.

Sven with this, plus her share of tfauru-Ocean production, she is still mdersupplied. She will therefore low have to purchase her unsatis ield needs at a higher price from ifrica.

Unless other fertilisers are de eloped—and that is not entirely mprobable in this age—there is ikely to be an increasing interest a some of the many unexploited aw-grade guano deposits scattered hroughout the Islands, and revived nterest in other deposits which Iready have been worked over but iot completely exhausted.

There has, for example, been re ent talk of revived interest in Wal ole Island, east of Noumea; and ome time ago the French Phos hate Company, operating on Maka ?a (north-east of Tahiti) sent an fficial from France to closely ex mine lower-grade deposits on earby Niau.

The British Phosphate Commis 'oners have records of a great umber of other small deposits, from [enderson Island to New Guinea, nd down through the years they ave examined many of them for ossible future use.

During World War 11, with Nauru and Ocean temporarily lost to the Japanese, some were re-examined— Ongea Ndriki in the Lau Group, Fiji, for example.

Should the value of phosphate

rise sufficiently it would probably become payable to re-work some areas of the main phosphate islands.

On Makatea, for instance, where the phosphate overlies jagged pinnacles and crevasses of coral, the phos phate, which is there extracted en tirely by pick and shovel, has only been dug to a convenient depth of six or eight feet in the narrow crevasses. It might later prove pro fitable to drive deeper into the more awkward places.

At present there are indications that the latter half of this century may see a repetition of the latter half of last when, first, American

(Continued on Page 69)

interests, then later British, ex ploited many little, now abandoned, guano islands in the central Pacific, t A full history of Pacific guano and phosphate exploitation if ever written, would make fascinating reading—but there may be another chapter yet.

I (Guano is derived from a Peruvian word “huano,” meaning “dung”—in this case, of sea birds. The original supplies came from the almost rain less coasts of Chili, and were rich h nitrogen and phosphates. The first upplies reached Britain in 1840, and n the next 60 years, before the de wsits gave out, revolutionised farm ng. Unlike Chilean guano, Pacific Islands deposits have had a great leal of the nitrogen leached out by ain.)

Advertisements & other items, pp. 69-70 (2 items)

67

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

Tilley

KEROSENE

PRESSURE

\ V V V ■ M M

irons

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faster!

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★ BURNS 4 HOURS ON ONLY Ird PINT

OF KEROSENE.

If you have any difficulty in obtaining TILLEY Products, please contact your nearest representative for further information.

REPRESENTATIVES

Mr. K. WITHERI NGTON, 2 Burns Ph ilp Buildings, SUVA

AUSTRALIA & NEW GUINEA:

T. H. BENTLEY Pty. LTD. 123-125 William St., MELBOURNE. C.l

■ :;v, • V H - .. * 1 m I -"*r.

... for that underwater job

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Divers everywhere acclaim ‘PORPOISE’

breathing equipment “SAFEST OF ALL

(COMPRESSED AIR)

DIVING EQUIPMENT

SINGLE BOTTLE UNIT CAI. (on illustration) specially designed for the professional diver and underwater sportsman, This versatile, entirely automatic unit has many "exclusive” safety features for complete operating comfort to great depths. 2 BOTTLE UNIT CA2 —for longer periods underwater —exclusive canvas jacket with inbuilt bouyancy . . large detachable pocket for tools etc.— quick release safety clips —designed for comfort and free movement underwater!

Yes! from ail parts of the world, letters come daily praising the simple efficiency and safety features of “Porpoise” equipment. Little wonder years of concentrated research and testing under extreme conditions were needed to produce this “Safest of all” underwater

breathing equipment.

Q&3 1 "Worth its weight in go!d”for underwater recovery, general underwater repairs, and investigations.

Chosen by discerning underwater sportsmen for its simple efficiency and safety.

Used exclusively by skin divers in their record dive to 200'in Sydney Harbour, March 1954.

Used by Australian Government departments and armed services.

Attractively priced to suit all.

HOOKAH UNlT —"Boat-to-diver” breathing apparatus. Rapidly proving its value in the pearl and trochus shell industries. Comprised the "Porpoise Demand Valve” light weight harness and f" outside diam. hose. Up to eight divers can be attached to a varying range of compressors with this equipment.

POST

THIS COUPON

R. WALLACE MITCHELL

305 Collins Street, Melbourne

HIGH PRESSURE COMPRESSOR— 2 models

water lubricated to prevent contamination of air, delivers pure air up to 3000 P.S.I. We design to your requirements. 7 Dear Sir, Please forward without obligation illustrated brochure describing equipment as ticked below.

Single Bottle Unit CAI j Two Bottle Unit CA2 Hookah Unit . . . [ [ Air Compressor . . . £

NAME ...

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R. WALLACE MITCHELL

305 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA

PTY

LTD

ADDRESS

Not Popular

p. 71

Christmas Is. Phosphate Not Popular

[N Western Australia, at the end I of January, the general executive of the Farmers’ Union asked the department of Agriculture to make idespread tests of the relative value f Nauru and Christmas Island hosphatic rock.

Members of the dairy section of le union had complained that astures in the South-West of WA ad deterioratd since Christmas •land rock had replaced Nauru »ck in the manufacture of super aosphate in that State.

Of Tropical

p. 71

Some Of The Joys

Agriculture

A correspondent of “The Mel bourne Herald,” recently described the extraordinary difficulties in troduced and indigenous, which be set the Lever coconut-growing enter prise in the British Solomon Islands.

The main trouble, of course, is lack of labour. The BSI natives are like other Islanders—they have neither incentive nor inclination to work hard; and the authorities will not permit the introduction of Asiatic workers. But there are other head aches : Owing to absence of fresh meat, the early planters brought in cattle to eat the weeds around the coco nut palms and provide Sunday dinners. But in the steamy heat the cattle died.

Crossing shorthorn with zebu was the answer to that. But the result ing crossbreed needed something more than weeds in his diet. Com pany scientists evolved a tropical clover.

Then the thriving animals had to be used only sparingly for weeding because their hooves packed the earth and killed the palms by in ducing in the palms “wet feet.”

To speed pollination of the palms

the company introduced bees. In the hot rains the bees died.

To control vines, which were over running some estates, the company introduced goats. The goats died.

Autopsies revealed that they were poisoned through eating a local plant. Only then did the company learn that for generations the natives had caught fish by poison ing streams with the sap of the plant.

Until the 1930’s a moth was damaging palms. On scientific ad vice the company imported mynah birds to eat the moths. But iguanas raided the mynah’s nests and ate both eggs and baby mynahs. A hunting campaign was waged against iguanas and now mynahs flourish and moths are rare.

At this stage the blood-sucking hornfly attacked company cattle herds. Parasites and “friendly ants” coped with the hornfly—after vast research.

Advertisements & other items, p. 71 (2 items)

69

ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

EXPORT and

We specialise In

COPYING AND ENLARGING FROM OLD

PHOTOGRAPHS AND COLOURING IN

NATURAL COLOURS.

Mall orders solicited.

CAINE’S STUDIOS, SUVA

P.O. Box 8, Suva, FIJI. (Esth. 1904). ’Phone: «8.

Pljl X / * HZ

To simplify

EXPORT and

IMPORT TRADE

with the Islands-

use

6.N.Z. fa

With the Bank of New Zealand handling your transactions your interests are fully protected and dozens of different contacts which would otherwise need uXidui attention can be profitably channelled through the 8.N.2.

Any B.N.Z. Manager can explain the services to you fully, without obligation. You are invited to enquire at any B.N.Z. Branch.

SSSt&tiSft* LAUTOKA ’ LABASA ' "AO, and BA. (FUI). „ STREET. ?.^ AUSOIU - LAUCAI - A BAY AIRPORT MARKS Established throughout the Islands

The Fijian Must

pp. 72-73

Learn To Work

Demands of The Modern World

From Our Own Correspondent 1171 TH fresh enterprises springing YT up in Fiji, the quality of Fijian labour is under fire again.

“It’s not the quantity but the quality we lack here,” writes a com mentator in the local Suva paper.

It takes ten men to shift a piano, three men to do the average day’s work of even the most take-it-or leave it Aussie. Allowing for the climate and the easy going attitude of the average Islander, new-comers who wish to set up in business are beginning to realise that there is no such thing as “cheap labour” in Fiji.

The crux of the matter is the Fijian’s lack of economic ambition.

In contrast with the more economic aliy-aggressive Indian, our money system is entirely at variance with his known way of life.

In a land where nature provides abundantly, there is no incentive for the Fijian to store against a time of need—his perishable subsistence crops, grown throughout the year, do not call for storing. On the

other hand, the Indian, for centuries, has stored his rice-crop, wise to the threat of famine—thus the Fijian and Indian attitude towards saving is utterly incompatible.

How then can the Fijian be made to know the brutal facts of economic life? That world population is in creasing at the rate of 22 millions

yearly; that land fertility is decreas: ing; that there is now no longe; room for “privileged people” in •, hungry world; that those who cam not take their place in the swiftly l moving stream of progress wil either sink or swim?

How can the Fijian be madl economically ambitious? Neither

“jollying along,” nor money loans can make any fundamental difference while the Fijian remains wedded to the patriarchal village system and the “keri-keri” attitude toward ilfe. Those things, while very well in their way, when there were only jungle tracks in the Pacific, are the very antithesis of to-day’s money economy.

THERE is a lack of realism in those who deplore the passing of the ancient manner of com munal living, with its picturesque customs. It seems they would wish to see the Fijian race isolated as m anthropological curiosity, a mere ;ourist attraction —which it will in vitably become if the Fijians do not teize their opportunities.

The Fijians’ own leaders, the hinkers, are impatient to see their )eople become more individualistic.

Modern progress need not neces arily swamp the good that is in heir customs. We have the parallel f England’s emergence from the eudal system. The English to this ay keep their ancient traditions, ven if they are confined only to igh days and holidays.

In other crowded countries, where aces intermingle, racial groups ling stubbornly to their old Listoms, while still obeying the ictates of a common modern lonomic outlook. The Fijian may ave to compromise and do the ime. He can take his place in the lodern world preserving those lings in his tradition that are dear i him—his yangona ceremonies, his ekes, his song and story.

But we who wish the Fijians well lould proceed with care. Speaking cently at a school on “Trends In lucation,” the Director of Educa m (Mr. W. W. Lewis Jones) drew' parallel with Africa where, in rusting modern education on itive peoples, much that was good their tribal customs had been st. Many tribal practices were eparation for adult life, and when ese are swept aside by the too dden acceptance of “modern pro ess,” there could be a dangerous P Phe slaying of a lion in single mbat may not necessarily be the ly way to prepare for manhood the old tribal way; but accept ce of new ideas, willingless to ’ept responsibility, and giving a r day’s work for a fair day’s pay, : the equivalent training for man od to-day. higher standard of education d enlightenment among the Fijian men will play its part in progress, women become dissatisfied with archaic mode of life, and covet ' things that make life easier, will their acquisitiveness act as spur to their men to provide an, and work for them, fhe price of modern progress to ! Fijian is the loss of many of picturesque (and grossly time isuming) customs: development

of individualism rather than com munal living; willingness to accept responsibility for his own actions.

The race is to the swift; and the prize is the ownership of the land by those who best demonstrate their ability wisely to use it.

Advertisements & other items, p. 72 (1 item)

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There’s no finer u>ay to qnen K .B. Lager U-^ -«'• • 0/ sp X-" - d u ’ omc " ‘ _o firm favourite imtn n j

TOOTH’S

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KB.'iu l brewe

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Rare Samoan Stamp

p. 73

A STAMP journal, issued by an Auckland firm specialising in Island stamp collections, re ported in its August issue that an extremely rare Samoan 6d stamp had been found in a collection re cently purchased in Auckland.

Only two mint copies are known to be in existence, although 2,400 stamps of the series were printed and were on sale in Apia for years. The stamps were printed in 1887. In 1895 a fire that swept Apia destroyed the post office and stamps of the series still unsold.

In addition to the two mint copies which still exist, there is one other used copy.

It is clear that a search by Islands residents for stamps on old envelopes, receipts, etc., should be well worth while as all are worth many times their face value. No attempt should be made id strip the stamps off the envelopes.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 73-74 (3 items)

71

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R c H , 1955

W. C. Douglass Limited

FOUNTAIN food products are famous throughout the South Pacific for their consistent quality and suitability of packing for tropical conditions.

You are assured satisfaction when you specify FOUNTAIN brand. *6 Trade inquiries are welcome and all orders are promptly despatched. m m m ;V,

BRAND

W. C. DOUGLASS LIMITED

Box 512 G.P.0., Sydney, Australia

Good

behaviour

bad

roads

S A 1 / > M I O '< /a You and every prospective Volkswagen buyer ought to have this convincing experience: driving the indefatigable Volkswagen over such extremely bumpy wooden tracks.

This demonstration proves the effectiveness of the shockabsorbing independent torsion bar suspension of the four wheels, it proves the sturdiness of the distortionresisting electrically spot-welded all-steel body am chassis of the Volkswagen.

Air-cooled 4-cylinder, 4-cycle O.H.V. Boxer tyj engine. Capacity: 72.740 cu. in. H.P., 14. Miles p© gallon (Imperial), 38. The famous VW-engine form one single unit with the gear-box, the differential, an the rear axle! li

GOOD ROADS OR BAD ONES—

THE VOLKSWAGEN MASTERS THEM ALL

For further information please contact one of our branches.

VW SOLE IMPORTERS

WM. BRECKWOLDT & CO.

P.O. Box 22, Rabaul, New Guinea.

P.O. Box 47, Apia, Western Samoa.

P.O. Box 42, Honiara, British Solomon Islandt

72

MARCH, 1955-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Problems Arising

pp. 75-76

G & E Education

Problems Arising From Lack of English

THE Education Report for the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony for 1953 (just now available) shows a year of considerable activity ,in the educational field following a period of little progress in the post-war years.

Educational problems are considerable in this widely deployed Colony which extends from the northern Gilberts south-east to the Phoenix, and east to Fanning Island.

- Christfafmission

of the three Christian mission organ- Isations, which the Government sub sidise and encourage in educational work.

At the end of 1953, the 12 Goveminent schools were handling 722 pupils; the London Missionary Society, 4,392; the Catholic Sacred Heart Mission, 3,088; and the Seventh Day Adventist Mission. which came to the Gilberts in 1950, 165 pupils.

These figures are exclusive of religious trainees in some special mission schools. The two principal

missions received a total of about £1,700 in subsidies for their 253 schools. That amount was to be increased by £l,OOO in the following year. In 1953, the Seventh Day Adventists mission was not re ceiving any subsidy for its 5 schools.

Total government expenditure on education in 1953 was about £14,700, as compared with £12,300 in the previous year.

During the year, the staff and pupils of the Government Tem porary School at Abemama were transferred to Bikenibeu, Tarawa, to the new but still incomplete King George V School, which had a roll of 109 by December, including boys brought in from the Elisefou school on Vaitupu, which was -also closed.

From this new boarding school pupils reaching the New Zealand School Certificate level will be selected for further overseas educa tion.

Educational standards in all schools continued to be limited by an acute shortage of trained staff.

The new curriculum for Govern ment primary schools came into operation at the beginning of the year and it was expected that it would also serve as a guide to mission schools where suitably trained staff was available to apply it. Heavy empahsis is being placed on the teaching of English in the higher classes.

The new King George V School will do away with the necessity of sending higher-grade students to Fiji, and none have been sent since 1948, when results of the Colonial Development financed scheme were disappointing. Of the 92 students Sent to Fiji not one reach ed Uni verslty Entrance Standard, only one passed Sch ° ol Certificate. Only two

others reached third-year secondary standard in New Zealand.

A large percentage were returned to the Colony as unsuitable, without even completing their primary education. Lack of English appears to have been the main stumbling block.

This has applied also to boys training under the British Phos phate Commissioners’ Apprentice ship Plan for tradesmen. Great aptitude is shown in the practical work but on the theoretical side progress is slow. This problem should be eased with the full estab lishment of the King George V School. The first Colony students to complete a full teacher-training course returned from New Zealand to join the school’s staff late in 1953.

During the year, new government schools were opened at Vaitupu, Niutao, Gardner, Fanning, and at Tarawa. The Catholic mission also opened a new boarding school at Tarawa. These schools were mainly of the so-called “Island” type, under partly trained teachers, and provide superior primary education to that available in the average village school.

The report says that education is seriously hampered by an acute lack of educational text books in the vernacular.

Advertisements & other items, p. 75 (2 items)

73

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

Whßi Kidneys

Irk Too Often

Are you embarrassed and bothered by too frequent elimination during the day and night? These symptoms, as well as Bladder Irritation, Backache.

Swollen Ankles, Leg Pains, Nervousness, Dizziness, Lumbago, Interrupted Sleep, Circles Under the Eyes and a generally rundown feeling, are usually due to germ-caused kidney and bladder troubles. The very first dose of Cystez, the scientifically compounded medicine, goes right to work overcoming these troubles in 3 ways. 1. Quickly kills germs causing troubles. 3. Gets rid of poisonous acids. 3. Strengthens and reinvigorates the kidneys and bladder. Oet Cystez from your chemist to-day under the guarantee of com plete satisfaction or money back

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a tough soap with a gentle action Yes, tough with dirt, but mighty gentle with dainty washables.

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Costs /ess, too—check the price.

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No More Life-Time Officials

p. 76

in E. Samoa

ACCORDING to an Executive Order issued by Governor R.

B, Lowe, of Eastern Samoa in December, appointments of District Governors and County Chiefs will be for a period of four years only, instead of for life as in the past.

Appointments will end with the calendar year, so that any appoint -

ment made during a year will er. in somewhat less than four year Another important change will I that where any of these official have accepted appointments in tH legislative or judicial branches < the Government, they cannot I re-appointed to their former Dr trict or County position.

The changes appear to have bee made to avoid any possible mai practices by these senior officials.

Advertisements & other items, p. 76 (2 items)

74

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Jeffs-Sorensen Wedding

p. 77

This photograph was taken after the [?]edding, in Auckland. NZ, in November, [?]f Miss Phyllis Jeffs, and Mr. Hans [?]orensen.

Bride and groom are both formerly of [?]onga —the bride is a grand-daughter of [?]e late Mr. Cook who operated a whaling [?]ation off Tongatabu. Mr. Sorensen [?]mes from a well-known Vavau family.

For her wedding the bride wore a cream, [?] nbossed-brocade gown. Her bridesmaid [?]as Miss Louisa Sorensen, sister of the [?]ridegroom.

But Only Just

p. 77

fav orable Balance for [?]N.Caledonia— But Only Just

JEW CALEDONIA’S most ex i pensive single item of imports, in 1954, was coal (and coke) om Australia. About 159,000 tons as taken across from Newcastle » the nickel smelters of Noumea, otal imports of Australian origin ere valued at 420,000,000 francs.

NC imported 1,300,000,000 fcs worth : goods altogether: and exported )ods —mostly metals —to the value 1,500,000,000 fcs.

France, Japan, the United States, 1 that order, were the Colony’s ;st customers. Australia took )°ds worth only 9,000,000 fcs

Advertisements & other items, pp. 77-78 (2 items)

75

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Troicalities

pp. 79-81

Magazine Section

Something New In Norfolk

Island!

A CERTAIN newspaperman in Sydney who became interested in the present “revolt” in Nor folk Island—where the 850 residents are resisting Canberra bureaucrats’ attempt to fasten new taxes upon them and push them around gener ally—found himself in a strange tangle when he was studying state ments of the position made by three of the leaders. He thought he was dealing with a series of statements made by one man. Considerable confusion ensued—which was not cleared away until he discovered that by a peculiar coincidence the names of the three men are Newbery, Newbald and Needham.

These three gentlemen are gener ally agreed on the necessity for

fighting Canberra, but have some what different viewpoints on the methods of campaign and some of the minor issues.

Incidentally, it was reported in Sydney in February that Mr.

Needham had been assaulted by a member of one of the old Pitcairn families and that the .incident had come before a Norfolk Island Court.

So local conditions, presumably, are generating a little heat.

Sleep-Weeping And Cock

Fighting Are Out!

THERE is plenty of evidence to show that life, even in the Pacific’s most isolated atolls and islands, was never of the do-as-you please order imagined by the would-be beachcomber. Certainly since Moses issued his Ten Com

mandments the situation has nol eased any—if the 141 command ments set out in the Ellice Islands Regulations, 1954, recently issued are any measure!

All these dictums are for the common good, no doubt, but, well —where once a man could get up in the night and head for the nearest tree-trunk, he shall now proceed “to the adjacent foreshore to, but not above, the high water mark.” All very well, if there is an adjacent foreshore, of course!

Apparently the Ellice Islanders must at one time or another have derived some fun from cock-fighting.

It’s not to happen in future! “It shall be an offence to encourage or incite any animal to fight with an other animal of the same or of a different species.” One may detect in that clever wording, a flouting of the law in the past by perhaps training a frigate-bird to fight with a cock.

Commandment 28 is entitled “Sleep weeping (moetolo)” and leaves the innocent outsider somewhat per plexed. Sleep-walking would seem to be a better title, for this is all it says: “Any male native found with in a dwelling-house during the hours of darkness, and having no claim of right to be there, is guilty

of an offence.” The weeping apparently starts when the magis trate demands the specified ten b °The late riser, rushing to dabble his face with water and gallop off to a day’s clerking in the DO s office is in for a shock, too! No bathing or washing shall take place within five fathoms of any well.

Why fathoms? We don’t know— because commandment number 9 stipulates that the dead shall not be buried shallower than 4 feet down or within 50 yards of a dwel ling—though the reasoning involved seems sound!

Every prospective Ellice beach comber is advised to equip himself with this handy guide before mak ing his final plans.

That Bothersome English

FIJIANS are quick to learn short hand, mainly because the Fijian ear is accustomed to detect and analyse more accurately than most European ears. At the same time, Fijian stenographers often find their shorthand speeds outstripping their capacity to cope with the vagaries of English spelling. (Fijians main tain that even though the early missionaries complicated written and printed Fijian by their ex traordinary use of the letters “q”, “c” and so on, Fijian spelling is a model of consistency compared with English spelling).

Something of this state of affairs is reflected in a diverting note in the Ratu Kadavulevu School mag azine, which states that when a Fijian schoolboy was asked in an examination paper: “Who came to the school with the Governor on September 29?” the reply was: “Lady Garvey, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis- Jones and Edikonk.”

In this case it was the aide-de camp who was demoted, but a Fijian Army officer tells that when, at a general knowledge class, he asked a soldier: “Who comes after the Governor in Fiji’s governmental set-up,” the recruit rocked the as sembly with the reply: “The aide de-camp.” On the face of it, it was both logical and an indication of accurate observation.

The Director of Education (Mr.

W. Lewis-Jones) was the subject of another question at Ratu Kada vulevu School. When asked who was the present Director, a boy blandly replied: “Mr. Joe Lewis.”

The Boys With The 15 -

Lap-Laps

ACCORDING to Sydney’s Red rag, the Tribune, much exploitation of New Guinea natives is still going on. Recently they reported that natives were not allowed in European stores and had to patronise trade-stores where they were charged “through the neck” for everything. The writer declared that this is what the trade-stores charged (prices for the same com modities in European stores are in parenthesis):

Bread 2/- to 2/6 (1/7); cordials 1/6 (1/-); lap-lap material 15/- a yard (3/-) ; salt 2/- for a lemonade bottle full (3d a pound) ; soap 3d a quarter cake (1/- a bar); tea 2 6 a quarter (1/10) ; sugar 1 - a lb. (9d).

A Lovely Valley—Apart

From The Devils!

OUT in that lovely, lonely Warengoi Valley at the back of the Gazelle Peninsula, New Britain, where the only human beings are Mr.

Jack Chipper’s timber-getters, there

are some hot springs bub bling lazily out of the earth.

This photo graph shows where the springs run out into the Sigul River —a small stream in beautiful forest country. The water tempera ture is 80 de grees Cent.

Private enter prise could turn this into a very attractive holi day and health resort.

Administra tion says that

this large and fertile area is needed by the natives; but the Tolais say that it is inhabited by a peculiarly unpleasant type of devils (they don’t mean timber-getters, either) and there is not a native settlement within many miles.—

Rwr.

Selling Ice-Boxes To

Eskimos

The Australian Press is becoming interested in New Caledonia, writes a resident of that fair Colony, and continues, “The Sydney Daily Mirror, in January, sent their columnist, Sydney Mann, to try to sell adver tising space in a special New Cale donian supplement in a future issue of the Mirror.

“Knowing the local business men, I am inclined to suggest that the salesman try out a few side lines — electric radiators, central heating plants, etc. They should be easier to sell than publicity at Sydney newspaper rates.”

Did They Swim Or Did They

Walk?

ASDA missionary, Mr. O. L. Speck, reported in Perth (where he has been on leave recently) that crocodiles now bask in the sunshine on the river banks near the Kokoda Trail monument at Sogeri, Papua.

In the war years, many Australian soldiers from the convalescent camp nearby swam just there, he is re ported to have said.

A lot of Australians still swim a great deal further down the Loloki —a pool near Sapphire Creek

which is not much above sea-level, being a favourite spot. If there are crocodiles at Sogeri, there certainly should be some in the river below Rouna Falls—but maybe Port Moresby swimmers don’t know about these yet.

The habits of crocodiles are a closed book to me —so I can only be amazed that they managed to get 2,000 feet up above sea-level to Sogeri. They have only two means of approach—either up the series of rapids to Rouna Fahs and then up that perpendicular obstacle to

navigation; or overland. It appears: to me that crocodiles are not built, for either pastime.

There could be a third method,, of course; By human agency. But; surely no one, native or European,, would be silly enough for that—JT..

Mono Memorial Church

A CHURCH built by New Zealand! and American troops on Monoi Island, Treasury Group, BSIP, in 1944, to replace one of native; materials destroyed during fighting; there, already requires major re pairs and may have to be rebuilt. This was reported by the Rev. H. L. Fiebig, of the Methodist; Mission, on his return to New Zea land from a recent inspection tour.

The New Zealand 14th Brigade and American units landed there October 27, 1943. The existing church was destroyed in the opera tion, and the military authorities rebuilt it as a memorial to the 50odd New Zealanders and Americans killed there —AJS.

Dr. Davis In The Deep

Freeze

THERE was news of Rarotonga born Dr. Tom Davis early Feb ruary. It will be recalled that the Davis family sailed from Well ington, NZ, to Boston, USA, three years ago in their yacht Miru. Dr; Davis had been awarded a post : graduate course at the Harvard School of Public Health.

Mrs. Lydia Davis’ story of the voyage appeared in the Saturday

Evening Post. Miru has since been destroyed in a storm while at anchor.

Early in February, a Boston re porter interviewed Dr. Davis as he sat shivering in shorts in a refrig erator, while a complex electrical device recorded his various reactions.

Dr. Davis is investigating the effects of temperature on the human body.

Dr. Davis said that he and his family may soon go to Alaska on a special US Air Force “cold” pro ject. if Mr. Leo Schmidt, of the Western Samoa Police Force, and his bride, formerly Miss Salaepula Mataafa, were in Sydney on their honeymoon m March. Mr. Schmidt was to undergo a special police course be fore returning home.

Artifacts of Tahiti...

p. 79

Although the present generation of Tahitians have lost most of the skill of the old Polynesian carvers, who worked in stone and wood, the Tahitian people still can produce many articles notable for original design and artistic workmanship.

This collection of artifacts (arranged and photographed by Shimson) give some idea of the range and attractivenessof the articles now supplied to the traders in Papeete. Some very attractive objects are made from large shells, as khown in the lowest row. From certain very heavy woods the craftsmnen make book-ends, as shown bottom.

Well-Known Trader of BSI

p. 81

MR. VAL MURPHY, Manager of the

Government Trade Scheme at Gizo, prin

[?]ipa! port of the Western Solomons, is an [?]id hand in the Islands trade. He was [?]orn in Sydney in 1906, went to Vila for [?]he Burns, Philp South Sea Co. in 1927

[?]nd transferred, in 1932, to Makambo,

[?]p's capital in the Solomons He was [?]arried in Sydney, in 1935, to Miss Jean [?]lomon. They went to live at Faisi in he Shortlands, where Val was Manager [?]f the BP branch from 1936 until the apanese war reached that area. He was [?]vacuated in the “Morinda”. on her last [?]oyage, leaving Gavutu in 1942 after being [?]om bed in Port Purvis earlier in the day.

Mr. Murphy then joined AIF as an [?]mphsbian, serving in New Guinea, Bou [?]amville, and Guadalcanal. He went on [?]e expedition to Mono Island in an LST, [?]ending 10 days there, near the musically

[?]mous village of Bali-ha’i. before going

[?ack to New Guinea and Australia. He [?] en joined the BSIP Defence Force. After je war he was working on War Damage laims at Rabaul. In 1948 he went to mgatu for Lever’s.

In 1952, he joined the Government [?]rade Schem e as its manager at Gizo.—

-Brett Hillder.

an Adventurous Duck

p. 81

A True Tale of an Adventurous Duck

By Peter England

DO you know the Schouten Islands? All small islands, of course, have something remantic about them. When they are tropical small islands, and when they have as pleasantly sinister an aspect as those of the Schouten Group off NE New Guinea, their charm is irresistible.

Wokeo. Koil, Blup-Blup, Kadover, Bam. All volcanic, and with the exception of low-lying Koil, all mountainous, steep-to, no harbours, and only the narrowest ledge of holding ground falling away into un fathomable depths within a few yards.

They lie between Wewak and the mouth of the Sepik River, at dist ances ranging up to forty-five miles from the mainland, and they are inhabited by a hardy race of seamen and fishermen who think nothing of braving the intervening space pf fickle seas and changeable winds in their fragile dugout canoes.

Black and frowning, with hungry breakers snarling round their ragged buttresses, they are frightening— but completely fascinating.

Well, this is a story of Blup-Blup, and it started one morning when I went down to the Angoram wharf (Angoram is 25 miles up the Sepik River) to meet the ketch Taynna, just pulling in. The boat was hardly secured—Jack Pert was still giving orders as to the disposal of lines and springs—when an enormous drake climbed awkward’y over the gunwhale, up onto the wharf, and looked around. When I say enorm ous I don’t mean just very big He was at least twice as big as any duck Id ever seen before, and also twice as dignified and superior.

He gave a couple of superior asthmatic coughs, waddled across the wharf, looked left, looked right and then wandered off down To bacco Road towards Chu Leong’s trade store.

By this time Jack had come ashore. We exchanged greetings and he gave me a bunch of Bills of Lading. I said: “That’s some duck you ve got there. What did you do —mate his mother with an emu?”

Jack laughed. “Yes, he’s a bit of nL he? 1 Picked him up on Blup-Blup. He swam there!”

“He what?”

Well that’s actually what this colossal old duck had done. What happened was this: Every month or so the May-flies swarm on the Sepik River. When they do —swarming,

touching the water, and then float ing down with the current in frothy ribbons—all the natives in Angoram race down to their canoes and out into the stream to gather the harvest.

Only seconds behind, all the ducks in Angoram p l unge into the water and paddle out into midstream for a good feed. Sometimes they get so absorbed in gastronomy that they forget that the Sepik averages four knots, and presently frantic owners have to forget May-flies to race down-river and round up their errant poultry.

Well, Jack’s drake was the One That Got Away. Obviously a gross feeder, he had kept his beak down to business until, 24 hours later, he had looked up to find himself far from land and with Blu-Blup straight ahead. With an odd May fly still to be got for the picking, no doubt, the old cove just paddled along in leisurely fashion, and hav ing covered the 30-odd miles of blue water, stepped ashore on Blup-Blup.

On Blup-Blup, so Jack told me, there are no ducks, but there is a very considerable popu’ation of domestic fowls. When Jack arrived at the island, Sinbad (as he soon called the web-footed beach comber) came down to the landing to meet him, escorted by a bevy of adoring hens. Even in these idyllic surroundings a beachcomber some times yearns for home—local reports said he had already been there for 1 8 m onths—and so Sinbad sailed with the Taynna, leaving behind him broken hearts in every poultry yard on the is’and.

I would like to make this a moral story, with a reformed hero settling down to respectability in Tobacco Road, occasionally telling the story of his travels and adventures to an open-mouthed audience of chi’dren and grandchildren, and winding up with a warning against the dangers of gluttony. s alas! A few minutes before the Taynna sai’ed, Sinbad came waddling along the road, pushed his way through the idlers on the wharf, climbed carefully down on to the ship, selected a comfortable position in the shade of a packing case on the main hatch, gave a dis interested glance at the spectators, and said, in all but words, “All right, lets go!” * * * Last I heard of him he was do ing very well at Kerosene Island, Madang.

Advertisements & other items, p. 81 (1 item)

79

~CIFI C ISLANDS MONTHLy M A R C H , 1955

The Japs

pp. 82-84

Came Back

(From Our Rabaul Correspondent t r THE arrival, stay, and departure of the Japanese War Dead Repatriation Mission really caused only a mild ripple of interest among Rabaul residents. There was no public meeting of protest or any ' incident” connected with the visit.

The local Sub-Branch of the RSL rrade no comment through the Press or over the air. It seemed that even hose who were most anti-Jap had resigned themselves to the inevit able. mHE Japanese Training Ship J. Taisei Maru, carrying the 18 members of the Mission, 64 crew, and 89 Merchant Marine cadets tied up at “Old BP’s wharf,” a mile outside the town area, at 11 am, on February 1.

A handful of Europeans and a group of natives working in the area watched in si l ence as it edged into its berth.

Shortly before noon, New Britain District Commissioner, Mr. J. R.

Foldi, was driven down to the wharf and boarded the ship to meet the Captain and leaders of the Mission.

At two pm, four members of the Mission, accompanied by Assistant District Officer Arthur Ewing, Ad ministration Liaison Officer with the delegation, paid their respects to Mr. Foldi in his office. Then, fol lowed by a truck carrying six other Mission officials, they took the road South out of town three miles South to the Japanese War Cemetery.

The cemetery, in a recently cleared patch of flat ground, consisted of

rows of four by four wooden marker posts, rising three feet above the earth and carrying the names of the dead in black painted letters.

Some posts had rotted at their bases.

A few posts were missing. The identity of the unmarked graves was ascertained by reference to official records carried by Mr. Ewing.

The records showed 522 men to have been buried in the patch. In cluded in the number was Lieuten ant-General Adachi, former Com mander of the 18th Japanese Army, whose grave mound was larger than and isolated from the other grave mounds. Adachi atoned for the shame of defeat by committing hara-kiri.

Adjoining the official cemetery, and divided from it by a sagging wire fence, was a scrub-covered un dulating piece of ground about an acre and a half in extent contain ing individual and mass unmarked graves. Probably between 2,000 and

3,000 Japanese lie here. In a section close to the road and furthest from the official cemetery, about 70 executed War Criminals have been buried.

The Japanese reconnoitring party walked over and studied the loca tion of the graves. One seven foot square grave—concrete dwarf walls enclosing a grassy mound —contained, in a small concrete cavity set in its centre, a small wickei basket holding a small china bow and two small charred bones. The Japanese could not identify the re mains.

Before returning to the ship the Japanese rested in the shade o; a large tree.

“Too hot,’’ said Yoshioki Okazakii the interpreter. “Japan cold now.' Okazaki’s title was misleading His English was halting and he hac difficulty understanding simple phrases in English.

More fluent was Koichi Obata, s

Below; The Japanese merchant marine training ship “Taisei Maru” shortly after berthing in Rabaul on February 1.

Right: Sorting and tagging the remains. What look like white cloths are small cotton bags into which the cremated bones were eventually packed.

On board the “Taisei Maru”, from left to right: Captain R. Shiina; Liaison Officer A.D.O. Arthur Ewing; Chief of Mission Mr. Gijuro Shirai; Interpreter Yoshioki Okazaki; Mission member Mr. Tsutomo Fukushima.

Tokio lawyer, who had spent the War years in New Guinea and was the official guide for the Rabaul area.

Koichi had been a Captain Pay master in 18th Army Headquarters under General Adachi. Taken prisoner in Wewak in 1944, he had completed the War years in custody, mi Mussau Island, near the scene )f his capture.

“I have a feeling of nostalgia :or New Guinea,” he said. “It is like ny second home.”

All the party insisted that they vere grateful to the Australian Government for granting them per nission to remove their War Dead. rHE next day, a working party of 90 Japanese in trucks and taxis returned to the cemetery. With hem were picks, shovels, scythes, garble blocks for the memorial, undies of firewood faggots, 4-ga I lon irums of kerosene, tagged cotton ags to carry the remains, and beets of canvas.

Among them were many of the oung cadet crew, fresh-faced and ealthy looking. A few of the fission answered the novelist’s raditional description of the sons t Heaven . . short, stocky, myopic ehind thick-lensed spectacles, pro ’Uding teeth oyer heavy jaws, and ressed in khaki Bombay bloomers, ie tops of white singlets showing nder white sports shirts, their feet acased in sandshoes surmounted [. short woollen socks. Gijuro hirai, Chief of the Mission, and yo others wore well-cut cotton uts.

At the cemetery, everyone, by pre ;rangement, set to his allotted task, ter a short ceremony conducted by ,® U( mhi s t and a Shintoist priest hile they stood with bowed heads.

Canvas awnings were stretched r er saplings stuck in the ground ;side the trees fringing the

cemetery, to provide shade for the resting parties. Groups of four of five sailors began to dig up the grave mounds. Another batch cleared a patch of kunai grass near the area and built a makeshift out door crematorium of old corrugated iron sheeting supported, a few inches off the ground, by the grave markers laid in two row's and covered with firewood.

The grave diggers were rapidly distmterring the remains. Few graves yielded more than a handful of decomposing bones. The bones were attached to the cotton bags which carried the identity tags of the exhumed men, by the draw strings around the necks of the bags.

When each digging party had col lected and assembled about a dozen labelled remains it would carry them, in a canvas sheet or on a rough stretcher, to the crematory.

Each man in the party had his particular sets of remains to look after, and he would place them, after disengaging them from the bags, in individual heaps on top of the fire wood. Other parties placed their charges in readiness for the cremat ing and, when all positions had been occupied, kerosene was poured over both firewood and bones and the whole set afire.

Fifteen minutes later, with the fire dying down, the black charred bones were flicked out of the embers with woollen gloved fingers or w r ith a short stick. Each set was placed in its correct bag. if a skull or thighbone was too bulky to fit easily into a bag, it was broken into smaller bits and the disintegrated pieces packed away.

By four-thirty in the afternoon the day’s work was completed 518 graves had been dug up, the re mains removed and cremated, and the holes filled in. The number was four short of the number re

corded in the ledger but the Jap anese were satisfied.

Tonosuke Kamata, the had completed the memorial stone out of the three marble blocks carried from the ship. The dart grey polished slab on top carried an inscription either side, one in Japanese characters, the other in English. “This stone marks the place from which Japanese War Dead were removed by the Japanese Government in 1955.” The Japanese characters read “To the memory of Japanese war-dead Heroes.”

That evening, on the ship, the heads of the Mission denied that the Japanese Government believed that there were Japanese service men still alive on the mainland of New Guinea. Only the families and relatives of the missing men believed that, they said.

But later, a group of five in Doctor Masaaki Nando’s cabin were just as adamant that Japanese troops still lived in the more remote regions of New Guinea between Aitape and Hollandia.

“10,000 men are missing,” said Obata, the lawyer, speaking for the other four and himself, after the question had been relayed by him to them. “They cannot just vanish.

Many must still be there.”

The non-English speaking quartet nodded their heads in agreement . The possibility of a future War interested the assembled men. Of one point they were certain. Japan would never ally itself with Russia.

The following day the Japanese recovered 95 more identified remains from the unmarked grave area bringing the total to 613.

ON February 4, the day of their departure from Rabaul, 25 Jap anese, including the Buddhist bosan” and the Shintoist “shriner” returned to the site of the now cleared cemetery for a memorial

Above: Zeken Nishiyama. Buddhist priest, conducting the last ceremonial rites at the cemetery before the departure of the ship for Bougainville.

Right: The memorial stones which the Japanese stonemasons erected.

service in honour of their dead.

They brought, on two trucks, every thing necessary for the ceremony.

Ten large and nine small wreaths of artificial flowers on ease Mike stands were placed in a half-circle around the memorial stone. An altar of one low table in front and two taller tables behind it were stood atop a small mat before the stone.

Two candles, in carved holders were placed on the tower table, beside an urn of smoking incense and two small bowls of wine and one of water. On the higher tables were placed a coloured picture of Buddha, tins of biscuits and tinned fruit, and a light coloured wooden tablet on a stand between two con tainers with palm fonds in a fleur de-lys design.

A recording machine placed on the grass was wound up to record the ritual.

On one side of the memorial stone sat Captain Shiina, master of the Taisei Maru, and four other Jap anese officials: on the other, District Commissioner Foldi and four other Europeans, one of them a woman.

Facing down the space between the seats 19 Japanese lined up in five rows. Four of them took photo graphs and tended the recording machine.

The Buddhist priest wore purple pants under a brown robe. The gold and silver floral decoration on his shoulder sash and obi stood out against a purple background. He held a fan in his right hand. His head was uncovered.

The Shintoist priest’s robes were cream over white pantaloons, his head topped by a black mitre with a thin white strap running under his chin. He held a wooden sceptre.

They seated themselves on chairs facing each other. - The Buddhist completed his ser vice first. He prayed, read from a paper scroll, and tinkled a small brass gong with a brass stick.

The Shinto priest also read from a scroll, spoke the customary ritual, and showered confetti-sized paper on the altar. He turned towards the seated Japanese. They stood up and bowed their heads. He sprinkled the paper on and near them. Then to the Europeans, who also stood; and finally to the main body of mourners.

He handed Captain Shiina an artificial green leaf. The Captain approached the altar, bowed low, placed the sprig on a table, clapped his hands twice, bowed and retired.

He was followed by Mr. Shirai and one other Japanese. The ceremony ended with all the Japanese in turn bowing before the a l tar, sprinkling a pinch of incense on to the smok ing urn, bowing and retiring.

Everything, except a few small bunches of artificial flowers, was re moved by the Japanese after the ceremony. The flowers later were removed by unknown hands The Taisei Maru left Rabaul that same afternoon—left more incon

spicuously than it had arrived, with only five Europeans and the natives who were handling the ship’s lines to watch it glide into the stream on the next leg of its voyage.

Advertisements & other items, p. 83 (1 item)

81

ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly - march. 1955

Of Fiji!

p. 84

What Tonga Thinks Of Fiji!

A statement published recently in the - PIM said that a study of the Fijian language revealed that Fijians considered Tongans to be pretty ill mannered people (writes a Vavau resident). I think it only fair to take a look at the Tongan language and see what Tongans think of Fijians!

“Puta-fisi” (Fijian butter) is the local name for margarine and it refers not so much to the fact that some of the local margarine comes from Fiji, as to the fact that margarine is regarded as a sort of false butter.

Further, people here who live to gether without being married are said to live “faka-Suva” (like the people in Suva).

No Bargain Houses

p. 84

for Samoa’s PS

RESIDENTS of Islands Terrii tories outside of Westerr Samoa, who sighed with enw over November PIM photographs a houses built there for publii servants, can relax. They cost little over the amount we said the; cost. Just a trifle.

Mr. R. F. Rankin of Apia, whi supplied the photographs and th story writes that he got into a “bi of hot water from local MLA’s over the matter, and goes on: “I could not ascertain for sun what the houses cost and, as th figure given to me was only ap proximate, I stated that they wen built for a ‘reported cost of £3,00C When the story was published, th ‘reported’ was left out. This mad me look somewhat of a liar, a apparently the final cost was ii the vicinity of £5,000.”

We would remind residents n P-NG and elsewhere (where som public servants are still living ii tarred paper and grass establish ments), that £5.000 Samoa is equs to approximately £6,250 Australia!

Pim Crossquiz No. 61

pp. 84-115

Solution on Page 113.

Across

l._\vho wrote that classic of English literature “Gulliver’s Travels”? 7. —Of what royal line was Elizabeth I the last reigning monarch?

8. Who is acknowledged as the most celebrated French sculptor of recent days? 9. What is the term ap plied to the lowest point of the tide? 10. —Which American golfer won the Open and Amateur championships of both Eng land and America in 1930? 11. —What style of architec ture features high pointed arches and clustered columns? 13.—What type of insect builds papier mache nests produced by chewing wood? 15.—Who was the Greek god of love? 17. —At what Crimean port did the charge of the Light Brigade take place? 18. —What is the national drink of Russia? 19. —What American coin is equivalent to l-100th of a dollar? 20. —What would a person be without if you could apply the term “edentate” to him? 21. —Which river of India rises in Tibet and empties into the Arabian Sea?

Down

1. —For what invention is Sir Frank Whittle famous? 2. —What term is used to indicate the absence of crystalline form in any body or substance? 3. —What narcotic drug is prepared from the gum extracted from Indian hemp?

4. is mixed with sulphur ani charcoal to make gunpowder? 5. —Who was the President of the Unite States during the 1914-18 War? 6. —With which English explorer is til little boat “Tom Thumb” associated? *

12.—What metal used in bombs is believe to be many times more destructive thsj the hydrogen bomb? 14.—what was the name of the first ligfrJ house ever built, situated at the Entrant to Alexandria harbour? 16. —Of what department of France Lyons the capital? 17. Who composed the wonderful S Matthew and St. John Passions?

Advertisements & other items, p. 84 (1 item)

82

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L

Teaches Apia Children

Be-Medalled Legionaire Now

By Jack Thornton

A SOLDIER of fortune who has served in five armies and is entitled to wear more service ribbons than most Generals, is a modest-mannered adventurer, Pedro de Treend, now a school teacher of Apia, W. Samoa.

Of British nationality, though of Spanish parentage, he ran away to sea at 14 and worked his way to South Africa, where he decided to forsake the seafaring life. From South Africa he travelled to New Zealand, in which country he was iving when the Spanish Civil War sommenced. Mr. Treend thereupon ■eturned to Spain and fought igainst Franco’s forces until he was aptured and imprisoned at Sevil’e, diere the Moorish guards took pre autions against escape by breaking irisoners’ ankles.

“A couple of sharp twists did the rick,” Pedro told me in Apia re ently. “I never heard the word ;ommunism’ mentioned by anyone i the Republican Army. When my nkles had healed I was given the ption of helping to unload Franco’s lips or being shot, so I did the msible thing on the wharves at [alaga till a chance came to stow vay on a ship to Gibraltar, where stowed away on another ship 1 Melbourne, where I worked until 1 saved enough to get to England time for World War 11.

“I joined the British Army but is unlucky enough to stop one from German who’d made a forced tiding on the coast. The wound luldn’t heal so I was discharged, Id a few white lies, rejoined the my and sailed to North Africa, lere I was wounded again in the me place, and the authorities re rned me to England to be dis arged. In London I enlisted in e French Foreign Legion and was it to Sidi Bel Abbes for train r ? • At that time, General Le Clerc s forming a French tank division • p Day landings, and I managed transfer from the Legion. My it helped to liberate Paris, but en we reached the Siegfried Line ad to return to the Legion, other :e I was liable to be shot out of nd as a franc tireur if captured the Germans.

Vhile waiting in Paris to be sent :k to the Legion in Algeria I de te«—lve since been officially re sed—and hitch-hiked to Holland, ?. re . I attached myself to the ited States Army, with which I .until I managed to rejoin British Army as a paratrooper, vas taken prisoner after being pped east of the Rhine, and saw the war in Sandbostel Camp ire— as was afterwards proved—

political prisoners were starved and shot, and cannibalism took place.”

After, the war, Mr. Pedro de Treend served in Palestine until things became too quiet, so he applied for a discharge and went to New Zealand, where he joined the army and went to Japan.

When the occupation ended he tried to get to China, but there was nothing offering so he joined a NZ Teachers’ Training College and after qualifying, applied for a trans fer to Western Samoa, in fulfil ment of a long-standing desire to live in the Pacific Islands.

The adventurer - turned - school teacher says that spearfishing now satisfies his need for excitement.

With a Dutch friend, he spends a lot of time out on the reef at Apia.

Now aged 33, he has decided to settle in Samoa, and is engaged to a physical training specialist in New Zealand. They plan to marry shortly. ‘For me it will be the end of one life and the beginning of another,” says Pedro. He has swallowed the rifle for good

Mr. Pedro de Treend

Old Book Wanted

Mr Robert Leigh, 1076 45th St, Oakland 8, California, USA, writes: “Do you know where I might obtain a used, old or new copy of Forty Years on the Pacific, by Frank Coffee (published in 1920) ? It is required by a friend in hospital.”

We cannot locate a copy.in Syd ney bookshops, but perhaps a reader may have a copy. Mr. Leigh makes a practice of visiting Red Cross hospitals in California and doing small jobs for ex-Servicemen and soldiers.

Stroke

Warning About Sun Stroke

Mad dogs and Englishmen go out m the Noonday Sun— Or so said Mr. Kipling: Those words him fame have won.

The tropic sun no mercy shows for poor mad souls like we; But, for a little savage heat, I’ll gladly pay the fee.

The books all talk of burning sands and near to boiling water, And bodies dropping everywhere— of the heat could slaughter.

Of shrivelled grass and steaming wastes and open, cloudless skies, And rapid declination when a chap just up and dies.

And in the books you’ll also find some talk of mid-day slumber— Relentless heat of high-noon sun will take the Sahib’s number.

Hell roll beneath his ’skeeter net and drowse there, in the shade And won’t get up to sip his gin ’til day is on the fade.

These cloudless skies I’ve yet to see and harsh relentless sun, And noon-tide heats that man can’t bear, and put a stop to fun; constant, sticky, cloudy days ’ that shade the harmful rays A ?w®i av ? a sull , en nagging pain that lasts you all your days.

And you won’t .find the Noonday sun, or see a raving dog— Yo „;’ d , a better ruddy tan. sunbathing in a fog And so you think you won’t go nuts you even think it’s cold— But watch it, brother— Watch it well—it s Hot, and you’ve been told!

The Passing Mosquito.

Rarotonga.

Some Pre-1914 History

q*™- 114 ? 6 ™? 10 ?! 6 about the tomb stone of Phoebe Clothilde Hagren near the Davana Kokopo road —referred to in recent PIM < ;a^ r fnoi jC Sif a u Miller ’ of Rabaul. says that Phoebe was the daughter of Mr. August and Mrs. Mary Ann Hagren—Many Ann was the step sister of Mrs. Emma Kolbe (“Queen Emma ) and Mrs. Parkinson. Mrs.

Hagren s property was Davana and. f World ,. War I. She used to thf° m the A re ‘ Pb oebe bl ea there, on August 3, 1914 her a i er burled her there among the beach’ be^ween the road and the V.° uis f’ filler, an old resident good old da y s ” in Rabaul, suffered a great deal during the ™5? n< l Se occupation, and now is in 2SPJL health. She asks anxiously when she and those in her situa llkeiZ to receiv e some pay ment from the ‘lnternees Fund ”

Does anyone know?

Advertisements & other items, p. 85 (1 item)

83

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHIV M n

i»iu«iHLY MARCH, 1955

This Month’S New Reading

p. 86

(Conducted by the Assistant Editor)

Hag Ridden

THIS one is worth the price of admission for its Ascription of a little-written-about part of the world—the Sudan. The action of the novel takes place befioeeri the wars and concerns a group* of Britishers occupied in growing cotton on the irrigated hanks of the Nile.

“Exploiting the natives, it isprob ably called these days, if it still goes on.

However, if you are a Sjoss materialist and do not subscribe to the more things on heaven and earth than were dreamed of in Horatio’s philosophy, you may find the plot hard to swallow.

Magdalen King-Hall has called this novel Hag Khalida, which was •; iso the name of the cottage to which the Cotton Company, in its wisdom, condemned young Tony Warrington and his bride.

A tragedy had occurred in the cottage, and the rest of the Com pany’s cotton planters, and Tony, did not consider that the Company was quite playing cricket by in sisting that the young couple occupy Hag Khalida. They entered a con spiracy that, come what may, “Brenda should not find out”—and having thus created an atmosphere of mystery, Brenda felt impelled to do just that.

In a sense, the novel contains two sto r i e s—that of Brenda, and through Brenda the tragedy of the woman who had previously lived in the house.

The life of tropical suburbanism is well drawn and if some of it is too mystic to be feasible, perhaps the interesting description of the couple’s holiday trek towards the Abyssinian border may compensate. (Published by Peter Davies Ltd., Austra lian price 13/3.)

The Semi-Submerged

One-Twelfth

A NOVEL that, at times, verges on the too-clever; but it is in teresting if only because it deals with ft little-known section of the human family.

This publishing company—which seems to specialise in first novels — has fared somewhat better with Mother Mountain and its author, Hayden Roberts, than with some of its first-fruits. Few people outside of South Africa know anything of the so-called Coloured one-twelfth of that Dominion’s population— apart, perhaps, from a very vague idea of them in relation to African politics.

This is a story of Cape Town

Coloureds —and Coloureds, not as a political entity, but simply as people. Although all the props for a political novel are there, politics come into it not at all —maybe be cause the author went there as a youngster and sees the Coloureds correctly in the niche that the South African Union and God has seen fit to place them —also without sentimentality and heroics.

He portrays them as a not un happy people, limited in outlook, and, for the most part, taking the line of least resistance. If there are some who have burning and not-to-be-denied feelings, nation alistic or otherwise, they have been left out of this story.

The youth Martin comes nearest to the exception, and his trouble could be called more a divine dis-

This month, Judy Tudor is some where is the Lau Islands, Fifi.

content —or so it appears —than any thwarted ambition towards any specific goal. Part of Martin’s trouble is supposed to be that he has had too much education for a Coloured boy. However, the author seems to have had less luck with Martin than his other characters and although one doubtless is sup posed to feel a sympathy for him, he appears merely a weakling, and engenders a desire to give him a good swift kick where it will do most good.

There is nothing particularly up lifting in this book; and if you are predisposed towards the idea that the stratum of society occupied by the Cape Coloured necessarily pro duces shiftlessness, there is little here to prove otherwise. Nonethe less, it has interest—not the least of which is the extraordinary jargon which these people speak. The notorious Australian accent is, by comparison, crystal pure. (Published by Peter Davies Ltd. Austra lian price 15/6.)

Of Days That

Are Gone

A DELIGHTFUL, roguish, enter taining picture of the “fashion able” English world of the 1880- 1914 period is drawn for us by Kate Mary Bruce in The Poodle Room (William Heinemann, 13/3). It is a story concerned with the fortunes and the loves—illicit and otherwise —of three generations of aristocrats, and it shows how the fate of many wealthy and ennobled families be came entangled with the ambitions

and belligerencies of Kaisers ant Hitlers.

A bored young wife, perfume* and pampered and amoral, sinnet in 1890, with 1950 abandon; bon her trusting husband a son wlu obviously was not of the same breei as her other children; and thui created a situation which tool dramatic form among her grandl children, after World War 11.

Kate Mary Bruce is a naturs and charming writer—as is to bt expected of the niece of Somerse Maugham. The Victoria-andf Edward England which she describe never will return; although it maj have lacked bathrooms and motor cars and radio, it was England a the moment of greatest power am influence. When they read a stor like this, older people, lookim around them, experience stron feelings of nostalgia and regret.—E

Want Any Trochus

p. 86

Moonbeams flit on wavelets roun these lovely tropic isles, With their coral reefs extending fc miles and miles and miles, And every reef is weighted dow. with tons of trochus shell Just asking me to gather it and the to go and sell.

There are fortunes going beggin around these tropic seas; And then back to the city, to wondrous life of ease — Well that’s what someone told u and that’s what we believed.

But after two years’ yakker we kna we were deceived.

We’ve slept on stinking trochus an on lousy flyblown wrecks, With rotten wormy bottoms an patched-up leaky decks, And the rain comes down in torrent and washes us from bed— We’re not sure sometimes if it’s ’ or trochus that is dead.

We’ve lost a brand-new dinghy mile out from the shore With its day’s full haul of divin a hundredweight or more.

It was smashed to little pieces a savage northwest squall— For a while it had us asking if we lose our boat and all.

We are out of tea and sugar, ai lived for months on fish, And a fresh-cooked meal of ste;: and eggs is our most ardent wis We’re thinking of insuring even thing that we have got, Then sink it all together—let tJ trochus have the lot!

Milne Bay Peasant

il Miss Salamasina Malietoa repr sented Western Samoa in Januai at the annual conference of ti Dominion Council of the Girls’ La.

Brigade, held at Christchurch, N2 1

Advertisements & other items, pp. 86-88 (3 items)

84

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

85

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

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Why Tonga Hold

pp. 88-89

Native Tongan’S Analysis:

Why Tonga Hold To Old System

This thoughtful article is not on of value in itself, hut it also is is teresting because it was written )\ PIM by Mr. S. A. Fanamanu, AM of Eua, a full Tongan, who m educated in Tonga and trained the Central Medical School, Sm Fiji.

WITH reference to Dr. D. T Hoodless’s article, “Is It Pc sible to Modify the Fijian W; of Life,” which appeared in PI last April, it is interesting to coe pare the Fijian communal syste with that found in Tonga.

To be individualistic on the o:< hand, or to be “thriftless” on t; other, is a matter of individu choice among the Tongans nowaday through thriftlessness is embodied the Tongan communal system living. This system is very open criticism —but there it is, and T have survived, so far!

Individualism, in its true seiu can be found only in a very sm: degree in Tonga; and, even whe present, it usually gives way Tongan custom, which is upheld the majority.

The so-called thrifty people Tonga may own a nice house, a cs or a small business, but that usual does not mean that they are for ing ahead, in the European sem because they are now expected provide for the needs, not only their family, but of relatives ai friends, financially or otherwii Thus, the more a person tries be an individualist, the better wj he support our communal system living by contributing more to t; community than his less ambitioc neighbours.

In some cases parents are sem ing their children to school ove seas, often with no defiinte aim view, but with the idea of givizj them a good education so that tin will later be able to face and soil their problems more efficiently thij their parents were equipped to o But the end result of their educ: tion depends on the children then selves, once the family’s funds as exhausted.

Students sent abroad under Go: ernment Scholarships are expect! to return and play their part in pn viding, according to their qualifies tions, for the common good—and tJ same is expected of the childn who were sent overseas at the es pense of their parents.

IN Tonga, the pattern of livti forms a sort of co-operative soc:j system, which is very good grou:i for the gradual introduction of in provements and modernisatio These are readily accepted here, , they go to solving our immedias

iroblems within the sphere of our jresent Tongan way of living.

But modification of deep-rooted, ige-old customs, especially in a )lace where life is and always has teen easy, and free from the bustle if civilisation, is not the easy task hat the European often imagines.

Ve accept European ideas to a cer ain extent, so long as they march land in hand with our traditional ustoms, or tend to improve our old ustoms without interfering with ur communal way of life, and specially if they improve our liv ig standards and economic condi lons.

As a native of the South Sea slands, I am fully aware of the reat and untiring efforts of our laders (in each Islands Group) to nprove our ways of living, our ealth, and gradually to promote ur general betterment in much eeded ways. They plan to bring mnd slowly the majority who still rongly adhere to the old pattern : living, and for the changes to be iade in harmony with the general selings and standard of intellig ice of the whole community.

To the European, progress must em slow. But Rome was not built i a day, and I feel certain that i years to come we will finally tain the much-needed level.

T is a pity that much adverse criticism is aired from time to time about living conditions in

the Islands; but we of the Islands feel that with the coming of the South Pacific Commission these criticisms from beyond the horizon will decline to nil.

We are, if not fully aware, at least conscious of some of the com plexities of “civilisation”: and if civilisation is destroyed we inevit ably will suffer as well. So w r e are quite content to pursue our own way of living, as it exists to-day. We may be in all respects behind the “march of civilisation”; but we feel

very secure, our stomachs are always full, and we are not being spied upon or living under threat of de portation to a cold mine in Siberia!

Strict measures are still being taken in Papeete to prevent the in troduction of the rhinoceros beetle.

Vessels arriving from infested areas are required to move away from the wharf to an anchorage well off shore during hours of darkness, when the beetles take to flight.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 88-90 (4 items)

86

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLJ

87

CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

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88

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH)

31 Millions For Asians—But The Cold Chisel For

p. 91

Charity-Begins-At-Home

[?]Wspartment

P Ng Public Servants

rHE idealists in Australian public life never ceases to praise the Colombo Plan—the Spender- Miceived idea that if the Western owers give lavishly of their •easure, to assist the under rivileged Asians to education and higher standard of life, Asia will ist naturally give us love and iteem in return, and will refrain om occupying our South Pacific mntries, and cutting our several iroats, when Asia’s breeding habits ive used up all the livable space . Asia.

Opinions differ. The realists nong us, knowing human nature, ive no faith in the Colombo Plan, lyway, for what it is worth, here e some details of the Plan.

The Plan was initiated in Colombo January, 1950, by Australia, mada, Ceylon, India, New Zea nd, Pakistan and Britain. Aus ilia led the way by promising 1,500,000 in capital goods and chnical help—although Australia rself is very short of those things.

Up to June 30, 1954, Australia d contributed £17,800,000 —includ-

ing 24 Diesel rail cars (£1,250,000) to India; 100 Diesel buses (£500,000), trucks and cranes (£69,000), and 310 fishing-boat engines (£420,000) to Indonesia: 190 tractors and £BO,OOO worth of ancillary equipment to Ceylon; 200 tractors and equipment (£350,000) and irrigation equipment (£2,600,000) to Pakistan; roadbuild ing plant (£150,000) to Cambodia.

And much more capital goods to other countries.

Technical help sent to Asian countries by Australia includes at least 73 Australian experts—men, for instance, to staff a Printers’ Train ing Centre in Indonesia, and a Rail way Training School in Cambodia;

and Australia is paying for the sup port and education in Australia of between 500 and 1,000 Asian students. . .

Yes—this is the same Australia which has stirred little Norfolk Island to fury by introducing new taxes there, and which has created bitter resentment throughout the Papua-New Guinea public services by “chiselling” the men and women there on allowances, after the allow ances had been recommended by the Public Service Commissioner.

If Governor Richard B. Lowe, of Eastern Samoa, accompanied by his Director of Budget and Finance (Mr. Thomas S. Smith) paid a quick visit to Washington, DC, in Janpary- February. The Government vessel Maiiu’a Tele took them to Canton Island, to connect with the air ser vice. They expected to return by the same route in late February.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 91-92 (5 items)

89

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

A. Riette

OUR HANDS MAKE GOOD ARMS.

For your Fishing and Shooting Wants Consult Us.

Lithgow ,22 Cal. Repeating Rifle .. £lB 19 6 1 Post Lithgow .22 Cal. Single Shot .. £9 19 6 / Extra. (Prices Subject to Change Without Notice).

SI L ROH U , 143 ELIZABETH STREET, SYDNEY.

BE WISE SELECT

“THE SA”

AM Aluminium Louvre

• RUSTPROOF • WEATHERPROOF

• SAVES LABOUR & PAINT

• SO COOL • SO ATTRACTIVE

A. RIETTE

16 Bridge St., Sydney

Cables: “Ramaritime”

IMPORTERS EXPORTERS

INDENT & BUYING AGENTS

SUPPLIERS OF. —Tinned and Other Foodstuffs—Cattle and Poultry Foods Fresh Fruit Confectionery—Australian Beer—Building Supplies—Hardware—Milk Products—Tallow—Wearing Apparel—Piecegoods—Footwear—Trade Goods Paints Eastern Goods Our Specialty—Motor Parts, Etc., Etc.

PACIFIC SUPPLIERS FOR.—"Rivermede" Butter and Cheese. "Golden Fleece"

Kerosene, Motor Spirit and Oils. "KMG" Athletic Vests and Knitwear. "Sandy"

Aluminium Louvres. Etc., Etc.

ALL ISLAND PRODUCE SOLD AT BEST PRICES ON COMMISSION We Require ReJiable Agents in Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Port Moresby, Samarai, Hollandia and Fiji.

Go On

SUVA WILL KEEP

ITS POLES.

The Words Must Go On

A ROW of unsightly poles along the Suva foreshore between the cable office and a hut at Suva Point has been the cause of much local debate. The poles are there because electrical interference be tween Suva city power-lines and an underground telegraph cable caused serious interruption to traffic on the Suva-Fanning sector of the trans-Pacific cable service.

The cable company, after carry ing out many tests, decided that only an overhead line would en tirely cure the trouble, and com menced to erect the poles along the foreshore. Residents immediately complained that they were an eye sore, and work was halted, while further research was carried out.

Now it has been decided that the poles must go up.

About 280,000 words of telegraphic traffic passes through the Suva cable office in a good day. At times, interference from power-lines has cut this down by 37,000 words in a 10-hour period and Suva has be come a bottle-neck in Common wealth communications.

t The popular Korolevu Hotel, on Viti Levu’s south coast, has recently added six more hures to its beach side accommodation, making a total of 25 bures, each equipped with shower and toilet, hot and cold water, telephone, and, of course, electric power. A bowling green, tennis court, and possibly a small

golf links are now projected, as w» as extension to dining room ai bar, , IT Mr. N. G. Price has arrived Fiji from the United Kingdom take up the new post of Personr Officer in the Public Works Depau ment.

90

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL.

A. B. Donald

LTD.

AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND

ISLAND TRADERS AND GENERAL

MERCHANTS

P.O. Box 1509. Cables and Telegrams: “Kingdom,” Auckland.

"tke palatable vifawin supplement all 'the femity for 3 le&ts 1W 4 pop daq pep pefsCi\ Each average dose (two teaspoonfuls) contains : i Vitamin Vitamin Vitamin Vitamin 2000 International Units 300 International Units 300 International Units 1000 International Units Combined with calcium and phosphorus in tasty chocolate-malt flavoured granules.

AKTA-VITE can betaken

Mixed with hot or chilled milk to make a delicious drink.

Sprinkled on (not cooked with) cereals, desserts, fruit dishes, junkets, etc.

Sprinkled on icecream.

As a sandwich filling Direct from the jar. to

AKTAVITE

trade mark

NUTRITIVE FOOD TONIC

Ethical Division

MELBOURNE

NICHOLAS

SYDNEY

PROPRIETARY LI MIXED

BRISBANE ADELAIDE PERTH

AE7O

First Grow Your Citrus

p. 93

Exporting Fruit Juices-

First Grow Your Citrus Then Can It

ALTHOUGH the Fiji Department .*• of Agriculture seems to have roved that a citrus fruit-juice export idustry is not for that Colony, the Apartment’s investigations may be f interest to the Cook Islands, where le local economy is based on ranges.

In the Cooks there is always a ibstantial quantity of unexportable lemished fruit, and the possibility f a profitable outlet for juices, hich are not dependent upon rompt shipment, would naturally • of major importance there.

The Fiji Department of Agricul ire, investigating possible markets ir that Colony’s products, found tat the limited quantity of juice tat would be available, where most all fruit is eaten locally, mid be unlikely to interest United ingdom or European importers.

Best possibilities appeared to be New Zealand, so samples of Fiji ange, grapefruit, lemon and man ,rin juice were sent to three Auck ad importers for comment.

Perhaps most significant from a ►ok Islands point of view was the iding that the Fiji oranges had egligible” flavour, as compared South African. Many who have ited Cook Islands oranges consider at, in the main, they too, are ther watery and tasteless.

The merchants reported that ere is little interest in mandarin ice in New Zealand, though they i not say why; and that local luirements for lemon and grape lit juice were being fully met by al producers.

Samples of Australian and West flan citrus juices in 20 oz. cans re sent from Auckland and the >B cost of such juices was sup ed. Prices were 11/- Stg. per spn cans of orange juice, 8 6 for ipefruit juice, and 9/6 for mixed mge and grapefruit juice, n Fiji, the Department then in tigated the probable cost of pro ving similarly packed juices there, I found as follows: Juice alone a dozen 20 oz, containers would t 3 - Stg. for oranges, 8 - for pefruit, 4 4 for lemons, and 3 3 mandarins. Cost of a dozen is would be at least 3 6, plus the t of processing the fruit, and ight. ’o establish a payable industry, Report says, it would be desir e to extract essential oils from by-products. Limiting factor as as Fiji is concerned is the ited quantity of fruit available. ? situation may be different in Cooks. ome time ago it was reported in 4 that Mr. Ronald Syme had

taken a small pineapple pulper to Mangaia Island to see whether the people there would be able to de velop an export trade to New Zea land in pineapple pulp. As it happened, Mangaia was particularly fortunate this past season in hav ing regular shipping outlets for its fresh pineapples and the usual heavy wastage did not occur.

Samples of pulp were, however, sent to a leading ice cream com pany in Auckland which had given Mr. Syme considerable advice and assistance. They have now reported favourably on the Mangaia product’s flavour and have lodged an initial order of 11 tons for next season.

Mr. Syme is negotiating with the Administration for financial assist ance in establishing a non-profit

making cannery for the benefit of the Mangaian people. Pineapples, orange juice, and tomato juice are possible products.

Usually there is a heavy wastage of all these products on Mangaia through absence of shipping at the right time, or through bad weather preventing loading across the reef.

IT An old resident of Papua and one of the “Murray Men,” in the per son of Mr. John Boileau, Supervisor of telephones, power lines, etc., in Port Moresby until 1942, is now an electricity inspector for the Bris bane City Council. From 1942 until quite recently. Jack was on the elec trical staff of the Norco butter factory, Byron Bay.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 93-94 (3 items)

91

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji) Ltd.

TIMBER.

BUILDERS’ HARDWARE.

TOOLS.

PAINT. CEMENT.

STEEL.

AGRICULTURAL and GARDEN TOOLS and IMPLEMENTS

GROCERIES

and WHOLESALE PLANTATION FOODSTUFFS

QUALITY ond PRICES RIGHT

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. (Fiji) LTD.

SUVA, FIJI

P.O. Box 299. Telephone: 114 (6 lines).

anchor

CONDOS*

lib nett

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The Famous "ANCHOR MILK" Family includes . ..

• ANCHOR UNSWEETENED (EVAPORATED)

CONDENSED MILK

• ANCHOR FULL CREAM MILK POWDER

• ANCHOR SKIM MILK POWDER

• ANCHOR PAT BUTTER

• ANCHOR CHEDDAR CHEESE

Also ACORN BUTTER (in tins) and SNOWFLAKE

UNSWEETENED CONDENSED MILK

SOLE DISTRIBUTORS: AMALGAMATED DAIRIES LTD., AUCKLAND, N.Z.

92

MARCH, 1955-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

[?]allant Tahiti Serviceman

p. 95

t MONO the young Frenchmen who so [V gallantly sacrificed their lives in ido-China last year, in a vain endeavour » hold Dienbienphu against the Com innist invaders, was Sergeant Leon olombani, son of a well-known Tahiti

unily. He was born n Huahine and was nly 29. His father i a Corsican, and is mother part rench, part Tahi an. Leon went broad in 1947, and scame a soldier, id had a fine record t service. He re irned to Tahiti on ave, from the orean War, early ; 1953, and returned i his service three onths later. Much mpathy for his irents was ex ■essed in Tahiti, h e photograph ows three young rvicemen in Korea; d Sergeant Colom ni is the man on e left.

The Matua cleared Apia for New Zealand early in February with 20,000 cases aboard. This is be lieved to be the biggest shipment of bananas ever made from W.

Samoa.

Mr. Don White, a 19-year-old iglish boy who has had some re arkable experiences in several ars of hitch-hiking his way round e world, and, as one of his numer s jobs en route, was recently Eng h Editor of the Fiji newspaper ji Samachar for six months, is w employed in Sydney central

telephone exchange. In June he will be joined by Dhirendra Kumar, son of R. K. Sharma (editor of the above newspaper), and the two will travel to London per Surriento to study at London University. White plans to complete studies for BA degree. Kumair will study for B.Com. degree.

MR. H. L. KERR, of the UK. has been appointed to study and advise on working methods in the Fiji Public Works Department.

His services are being retained on the advice of the London consultant firm of Urwick, Orr and Partners, who have for some time been ex amining the Fiji Public Service and advising on methods of improving its efficiency.

Advertisements & other items, p. 95 (2 items)

93

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Nchor

SKIN ITCH

Siopslk/Mihuies

Don’t let ugly, disfiguring Pimples, Eczema, Acne, Ringworm, Psoriasis, Blackheads or Itching, Cracking. Peeling. Burning Skin Troubles make life miserable and spoil your fun.

Don’t be embarrassed and feel inferior because of a bad skin.

Now every chemist has a new American Hospital Discovery called Nixoderm that stops the Itch in 7 minutes, kills germs and fungus and in 24 hours begins to heal the skin clear, soft and smooth. No matter how long you have suffered or what you have tried, get Nixoderm from your chemist to-day under positive guarantee to return your money if not entirely satisfied.

FOR OVBK z vbabs

TUB MOSTTKVSTBV

flour bbano in th

F PACIFIC ISIANVS...

W”

GILLESPIES

Gillespie’s Anchor Flour is milled from selected high quality Aus* Italian wheals and is enfolded for purity. Its consistent high quality has made it the best-known, most asked-for brand of flour in the Islands. (Enlolelion is a special new purify • ing process which reduces the risk of insect infestation).

NCHOR

FLOUR

GILLESPIE BROS. PTY. LTD.. ANCHOR FLOUR MILLS. SYDNEY 5.1.77

Merchant In Tonga

pp. 96-97

Masked Robbers Attack

Vavau, Jan. 28.

THREE masked marauders broke into the home of Mr. Harry Storer, on Fofoa island, on the night of January The men, who had evidently planned the attack, chose a time when all of Mr.

Storer’s workers and the members of his own household were away. Finding him alone, they attacked him, inflicting severe bruises. They then tied his hands and feet and proceeded to rob him of tinned meats and other goods from his Fofoa island store. Unable to open his safe, they carried it outside and bashed it open with rocks and then went off with the contents, which amounted to several hun dred pounds. Two suspects are currently being held in the Neiafu jail, pending in vestigation.

Vavau News Items

Mr. Harris Hunter, of the Citrus Products Co. Ltd., of Auckland, has been in Vava’u visiting his Neiafu factory and supervising production.

Lilipeti Simu, 2Vz, of ’Utulei was drowned on January 20 when she at tempted to follow her grandmother out onto the reef where the woman was going -shell fishing. Unobserved by the fishing -party, the child evidently tripped in the rough coral formation and was unable to regain her footing.

Mr. and Mrs. Cecil Thomas, of Burns

Fhilp and Co., recently arrived in Vava’u to take over the managership of the local branch during the absence of Mr.

F W. P. Rowe, who is going to Australia on leave. The Thomases come to Vava’u from Lambasa.

H Mr. E. P. Glover, managing edi of the South Pacific Post, P Moresby, accompanied by IV Glover, arrived in Sydney in Fi ruary, on long leave—part of wh will be spent on a visit to Europ

ork has been completed on a survey of Viti Levu, Fiji, and A C. S. Wright, of the New and Soil Survey Departments now commenced work on Vanua i. Work there is expected to take ral months.

Advertisements & other items, p. 96 (2 items)

94

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Stewarts and Lloyds (Australia) Pty. Ltd.

CUD

Manufacturers of "S&L" PIPES and FITTINGS GAS, WATER, STEAM and ethor purposes.

AND Distributors of:

GALVANISED IRON; BOLTS and NUTS; ELECTRODES

and WELDING EQUIPMENT.

Stewarts and Lloyds (Australia) Pty. Ltd.

Fiji Agents:

BURNS PHILP (S.S.) Co. Ltd., SUVA

Agents for New Guinea Territory:

BURNS PHILP (N.G.) Ltd.

fST’ 769 *Gi u JRav Po*

IMPORTED FROM LONDON, ENGLAND

★ Because of the supe quality, drinks never tas thin with Gordon‘s Gi The secret of master

distilling, maintaine

through the years, is t reason why to-day, as ev< Gordon’s Gin s t a n c supreme. 65

Conditions on Lonely

p. 97

Easter Island

[?] Easter Island correspondent corrects [?]e figures published in March (1954) [?] It appears that the stock figures as ished were reversed 1930 or thereabouts the island was [?]ing 23.000 sheep and 7,000 cattle—not other way about—and when Mr. I.d ds departed there were 45,000 sheep [?]uding lambs) and 2,000 cattle, the d then being fully stocked. forecast in the March article, the [?] Government took over the control [?]le Easter Island stock station early in Last year the island had a severe ght—in line with many other Pacific [?]P s —and a large number of stock dled food for the population became low, [?]e accompanying recent photos we e along One shows one of the images Which the island is famous, set up on modern base, apparently in the main [?]g e . The other shows a group of [?]er Island people outside the station homestead

Fiji’s Anti-TB Campaign

p. 97

Awaits London Decision

n . . .

Fiji Government statement in February again emphasised the fact that nrn?rps<; in thp Colony’s anti-TB campaign is not ofThe W P ar n Memoi P i°a? Mir Ste

?ulo.is b

cuiosis tund, The Government acknowledges h Q a l. received’ an offer of w lal 4-u ssist 4- a , from . th * e Fund towards the establishment of a new m the Lautoka area, 18 drie , r d .

MV han the present old build mg at Tamavua.

The Government cannot proceed with construction until London de cides on the allocation of funds from the Colonjdl Development and Welfare fund for 1955-60. , , The statement says: “It would not be P oSSlbl e to plan m detail until

be°r o rthc^niSg Ch assista ™|

Until the of ' State d approved the Government’s pro posalg for raising loans from out . side sources.”

The Anti-TB Fund therefore will not make any further public appeal for expansion of its funds for the present, and until Fiji Health De partment is in a position to use all the money that the Fund can make available for the campaign.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 97-98 (3 items)

95

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H. 1955

Nelson And Robertson Pty. Ltd.

Established 1895.

P.O. Box 5316, G.P.0., Sydney.

Address: 12 SPRING STREET, SYDNEY

ISLANDS MERCHANTS, IMPORTERS

AND EXPORTERS

Merchandise purchased for Clients from any part of the World at best factory and wholesale prices.

Cocoa Beans, Coffee Beans, Trocas Shell and all Island produce sold on commission.

Representing throughout the Pacific Islands

GENERAL MERCHANDISE

E. WHITEAWAY & CO.,

England.

KUNST & ALBERS, Germany.

AGIMER & COMPANY, Italy.

INCOVER COMPANY, Italy.

CALVERT & COMPANY,

Sweden.

KANEMATSU & CO., Japan.

SKANDIA DIESEL ENGINES.

ARCHIMEDES OUTBOARD

ENGINES.

FAMOUS EL TRUST SHOT

GUNS.

NANDR QUALITY PRODUCTS.

ASTER CANNED FISK.

For your New South Wales and Victorian Requirements: Communicate with our HEAD OFFICE. Cables: “Ivan”, Sydney.

For your Queensland Requirements: Communicate with our Brisbane Office: NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., Stanley Street.

SOUTH BRISBANE. Cables: “Ivan”, Brisbane.

New Guinea Representatives: RABAUL HOTEL & TRADING CO. LTD. Park Street, RABAUL. Cables: “Ivan”, Rabaul.

NILE

PRODUCTS

FROM YOUR

SYDNEY AGENT

KILE ATHLETIC All T SHIRTS

Available in all sizes (men and boys), in white, navy and a large rang* of bright, attractive colours.

Jr f

NILE SLEEKS & TRUNKS

Masculine comfort calls for the "freedom fit” of Nile sleeks and tr Fashioned from the finest Egyptian yarns, Nile underwear withstand constant laundering . . . gives lasting satisfaction.

LADIES’ BRIEFS AND SINGLETS

Nile offers a particularly fine range ojf ladies’ and children’s cotton ane rayon cotton briefs, pantees and singlets.

NILE HANDKERCHIEFS

Nile products include a beautifully varied range of ladies’ and men’* handkerchiefs, including printed bandana in assorted designs and colours!

NILE SHEETS, PILLOW CASES AND TOWELS

Nile Distributors Pty. Ltd., 125 York Street, Sydney, N.S.W. EX 6041

96

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

In Papua-New Guinea

pp. 99-101

100

101

Current News Items From Our Correspondents In Papua-New Guinea

That Wharf Shortage

The master of the freighter Suva, ,800 tons, Captain M. Rabone, was ned the maximum penalty of £2O i Port Moresby on February 7 for isobeying the harbour master’s rder to vacate a berth for a trunk ne vessel, the Bulolo.

Suva berthed for the week-end sxt to Eastern Saga, and did not ,ove when asked to vacate for the ulolo by 7 am on Monday. Bulolo, ; it happened, was late, and was tie to take the berth of the Eastern iga. Later, port authorities laid a large under the Navigation Ordin ice.

Ealing With “Commandos”

Exercise “Bandit” kept members headquarters company of the JGVR, police, and the Pacific ands Regiment busy one night in bruary. The police and troops d a job of attempting to round the PNGVR, who were acting as nmandos.

Fhey had just made a raid on V installations in Moresby and re attempting to get away. First ivs of the “raid” came over 9PA, prior arrangement, and the

police and PIR went into action, blocking off the roads and combing the hillsides. Even the Navy, in the form of HMAS Wagga, in port at the time, took defensive measures.

The exercise—a training in initiative—continued for 12 hours during the night of February 5, de spite heavy rain. Army claimed it had been a success.

Scrap Prices Up Again

It is possible that work will be re-started on the sa.lvage of Japanese shipping in Rabaul harbour. Operations, ceased last year when scrap prices dropped.

Prices have risen again lately.

Salamaua Airstrip

Civil Aviation officers have com pleted a survey of the old Salamaua airstrip, in the hope that it can be used in an emergency by light air craft. A weather front builds up near this area, and often affects air craft flying out from Lae, so that they sometimes could use Salamaua with advantage. Salamaua town, port and airstrip, so busy between 1928 and 1940, were abandoned after the war.

Agriculture Progress

Directors of Agriculture or De partmental Secretaries from the six Australian States and the Com monwealth, at Minister Hasluck’s in vitation, plan a fortnight’s visit to Papua-New Guinea about the middle of March, to see our agricultural progress.

Plea For Development Of

Bougainville’S Rich Lands

An appeal for the Administra tion to do something about opening up large areas of good land in the Buin area of Bougainville has been made by Bougainville planter and former coast-watcher, Mr. Paul Mason. He says there are 800 square miles of flat, arable land be tween Torokina and Tonolei Har bour which could be opened up if some money were spent. He claims

the land is very similar to that on the Gazelle Peninsula, and suitable for cocoa. The people on the land probably would be willing to restore roads in the area if the bridges were done by the Administration.

Mr. Mason added that the great island of Bougainville was neglected.

Port Moresby knew less about Bougainville than any other part of the Territory—no Administrator had been to the Buin area since 1947, when Colonel J. K. Murray walked over part of it. This was at a time when there was an outcry from Australia about the alleged condi tions of the natives there.

The Administrator (Brigadier D. M. Cleland) later commented on Paul Mason’s statement (which would get the support of anyone knowing anything about Bougain ville, and all the things that need to be done there). Brigadier Cleland said he had planned some time ago to include Bougainville in his next extensive tour of the Terri tory.

Lax System Of Money

Control

Mr. Justice Kelly said the Custom House system of handling money at the Port Moresby Customs office was lax, when he acquitted Lionel Darby, 47, Customs clerk, of a charge of stealing £5OO.

Darby later pleaded guilty to hav

ing made false returns to the Treasury, but was discharged on entering into a good behaviour bond.

The judge said that Darby had handled one million pounds a year, and he was surprised that qnder the system there was not a greater leakage of money.

P-Ng Capital In Water!

Trouble

In a surprise announcement February 8, the Health officials s Port Moresby’s water supply t contaminated, and warned that water should be boiled before i A report late in February saic

as likely the water would be unfit >r drinking for months, until the istallation of a new plant at omana was completed. The in allation was started 18 months jo, but work stopped because oney was not available. The pre nt filters are inefficient.

Aice Control For Rabaul

Is Suggested

Rabaul, Feb. 22.

Among matters the Conciliation wnmission investigated, when deal- S with wages and living costs in e Territory, was a claim that ibaul merchants were overcharg r for many items of merchandise, le Commission recommended that representative of the Prices Com ssioner be appointed to police ices in this town. \ few days later, Mr. Don Bennett, bC, repeated this finding in a >re strongly-worded statement.

Store managers’ explanations, as blished, do not seem to cover the nation. rhe true explanation probably is ‘ absence of any real competi a. There is so much money in i hands of the buying public lerally that they do not check s seller’s prices as against another i simply pay whatever is asked. )ne store manager said that his n’s percentage of profit was often 3w that allowed traders on the inland. tut methods of assessing costs y. Besides adding to the original t of the article such items as ight, insurance, handling, and y, a further percentage to allow the heavy overhead of the firm cerned is included. It is this centage, varied according to the ision of the firms concerned bout reference to any Prices ree, which is so often debatable.

Baul-Kokopo Road, 18 Ft!

Rabaul, Feb. 23.

; was officially announced, as lax to a long succession of actions by public bodies, that the laul-Kokopo coastal road would sealed to a width of 18 feet, hat much-used traffic artery be en the two largest centres of i Britain has long been the jy of motorists. At a cost of isands of pounds annually, the lers have levelled its corrugated pot-holed surface every so n -. An d, after every rain-storm identical—or so it seemed— ie shaking corrugations and reappeared. Many accidents, e involving fatalities, have been led on the uneven surface. ! part of the Three-Years-Plan New Britain it was decided to the road to a width of 16 ft g its entire length. •wn and District Advisory Coun protested repeatedly that this dangerously narrow, but Port ssby maintained an eloquent

silence—until the TAG, in February, led by Mr. Don Barrett, really made a demonstration.

The following day the Adminis trator stated that it had been de cided, a few days before Mr. Barrett’s outburst, that the road would be 18 feet wide.

Anyway, more power to the pri vate citizen!

Monsieur Tauraa Jacques, recent President of the Chamber of Agri culture of French Oceania, has been nominated, and was expected to be appointed late February, to the post of President of the Territorial As sembly of French Oceania. He suc ceeds M. Albert Leboucher, recently deceased.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 99-101 (3 items)

97

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

Needham & Co. Pty. Ltd.

PACIFIC ISLANDS

AIR PHOTOGRAPHS

Norfolk Is., Lord Howe, Noumea.

Suva, Lautoka. Nukualofa, Apia!

Altutakl, Rarotonga, Papeete.

Moorea, Kermadecs. Also Rabaul Port Moresby, Lae.

Size 10 by 8 Inches—7/6 (N.Z.) ea.. plus 1/- pack <fe post. Enquiries Invited for colour or larger sizes.

WHITES AVIATION LTD.

P.O. Box 2040. Auckland.

New Zealand.

NEEDHAM & CO. PTY. LTD.

307-309 QUEEN STREET, BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA.

G.P.O. Box 908. Cable Address: “BRUCECO,” Brisbane.

IMPORTERS - EXPORTERS

MANUFACTURERS' REPRESENTATIVES

Distributors for Leading Australian and Overseas Manufacturers.

Sote Agents: Papua-New Guinea and Solomon Islands lor— Docke & Co., Bremen (Cardock Bush Knives, Hatchets, Axes, etc., including AH Trade Lines).

“Geo” Spanish Shot Guns.

Dominion Flour and Wheatmeal.

Sunnyside Canned Fruit.

Specialising in Piecegoods and Palm Brilliantine.

Ashby Bicycles.

Webster’s Biscuits.

“Columbia” Canned Fish.

Northgate Axe and Hammer Handles.

Inner Spring Mattresses, Pillows, etc.

Mosquito Nets for Native Issue. trade ENQUIRIES INVITED—aII types of merchandise

OVERSEAS INDENTS ARRANGED.

SUPPLIED.

At Long Last!!

A folder in which you con bind

12 copies of “Pacific Islands

Monthly"

Requests for such a magazine holder have been numerous and long standing, but hitherto production facilities for a worthwhile job were not available. We wanted a folder which would open out flat, make insertion easy, be durable and look good. Now we have it—similar to the illustration alongside. The binder has a dark green plastic-cloth cover, with “Pacific Islands Monthly” in gold letters on the back.

Price 15/6, post free

Send your order and remittance to Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W.

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98

MARCH, 1 9 5 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Campbell-Beaden Wedding

p. 101

101

A wedding of interest to a wide circle of New Guinea residents, particularly in the Highlands, was celebrated on Feb ruary 3, in the Seventh-day Adventist church, Wahroonga, NSW.

The bride was Miss Heather Alison Campbell, only daughter of Pastor and Mrs. A. J. Campbell of Goroka. and the bridegroom was Mr. Gerald Beaden. The bride’s gown was of cream embossed satin, with a full skirt and scalloped neckline.

Her twin brothers, Gordon and Alwyn, were groomsmen.

The officiating minister was Pastor A.

H. Forbes, manager of the Sydney Sani tarium. where the bride did her nurse’s training. Mrs. Campbell flew down from Goroka for the wedding. Former resi dents of the Territory were among the 60 guests who attended the reception follow ing the ceremony.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 101-102 (3 items)

99

CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLr-MARCH. 1955

100

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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News Of The Small-Ships

pp. 103-112

103

104

105

106

flarch Weather is Risky—Viti II for Yasawas Cruises— Iwners Say Hong Kong Cheaper than Australia—Renovated ►hip for Loyalties Service—Gilberts Mission Ship Lost

It Happened In March:

[arch has been an eventful month l the maritime history of the 3uth Pacific, and especially in the iji area, with its hurricanes. Paine, . his Ships & Sailors of Old Salem 924) tells of the loss of two Salem lips on a single day—March 31, 31 —when a hurricane swept the iralau area. The Glide, Captain enry Archer, with 30 men aboard id 22 months out of Salem, Mass., is lying at “Bonne Rarah,” Ovalau, len the blow struck. She had just mpleted loading a cargo of beche -mer at “Miamboaa,” along the ast. When the ship was blown the reef all hands got ashore fely. Thanks to the good offices a New Bedford seaman named ivid Whippy, who had deserted )m another vessel some time rlier and had, through marriage, some virtually a chief, the men re not molested, but the Glide s literally torn to pieces by the ;al people and carried away as sty. The vessel, incidentally, had 'her in her voyage been attacked natives at Penrhyn, Northern oks.

The other ship lost was the Salem brig Niagara, which was blown onto a reef between Ovalau and Mbau. Captain Brown and his crew all escaped, and made their way in boats to Ovalau, where both crews were picked up in June that year by the Salem brig Peru and eventually reached home.

The descendants of David Whippy to-day form one of the best known families in Fiji—one member was recently admitted to the Fiji Bar.

Others are still closely associated with the sea and ships, many of the inter-island fleet having been Whippy-built.

As a matter of interest, it may be mentioned that old whaling re cords disagree as to just when David Whippy did land in Fiji.

For Research Work:—Ln

stitut Francais d’Oceanie has pur chased the 90-tons motor vessel Orsom 111, ex Bateman’s Bay, from Mr. Roy Gubbay, of Santo. The ex-trawler, which was built in a NSW boatyard in 1947, is now based on Noumea and will be employed for scientific survey work in the New Caledonia area. She is

powered with a Caterpillar diesel.

Charting Continues:—As In

the past several years, HMNZS Lachlan will do some coastal sur vey work in the Islands this Autumn.

She is scheduled to clear Welling ton early April, going first to Niue to survey anchorages and erect survey beacons ashore. Then she

will proceed to Apia to take approach and harbour soundings.

The survey ship is due back in Auckland on May 6.

NG LOSS:—The launch Destiny , owned by Mrs. Gilmore, pro prietress of the Madang Hotel, took fire and was burnt out m Madang Harbour on January 30.

Attempts by a shore party to halt the blaze failed and the craft be came a total loss.

Retired—In A Sense;—Cap

tain L. C. Boulton, QBE, who re tired after long service as master of the NZGS Maui Pomare in the Samoa-Niue-Cook Islands trade, was reported to be delivering the steam trawler Waipu from Auck land to Sydney, late February.

Waipu, which has been purchased by Red Funnel Trawlers, of Syd ney, was the vessel in which an Auckland syndicate planned to seek the General Grant gold hoard at Auckland Island last year. The plan appears to have fallen through.

Stjll Going Strong:

Skipper Hugh Wililams and en gineer Les Livingstone have com pleted another year of useful work in the Cooks inter-island trade with the converted Brixham trawler In spire. The twin-screw ketch arrived in Auckland for annual re fit and a new motor in mid- February, with a crew of passage workers taking the opportunity of

an inexpensive ride south. Inspire is a handy-sized vessel for the Cooks trade and has done a con siderable amount of work since she arrived there from Sydney several years ago.

Following the recent loss of the D. C. Brown vessel Rannah, the

inter-island fleet has been redu« to Inspire and the A. B. Don & Co. 300-tonner Charlotte Done now in Papeete refitting.

Incidentally, the Donald orgj isation this year issued a most tractive calendar —a reproduction a painting by the well-kno

icific artist Charles McPhee, owing that vessel lying in Avatiu arbour, with the mountains of arotonga in the background.

For Yasawa Cruises:—The

ji Government motor cruiser Viti recently offered for sale, has been irchased by Captain Trevor ithers for his Lautoka-Yasawa ands “Blue Lagoon” cruises.

Visitors from all over the world ve come to enjoy this interest l and lengthy cruise to Fiji’s >st unspoiled islands in Captain thers’ Turaga Levu, a former aerican military crash-boat which purchased after the war. It is ieved that Viti 11, equipped to *ry ten passengers, a Fijian crew 4, and skipper, will replace Turaga vu. ’OLURRIAN BACK: —Bougaine Co.’s 339-ton Polurrian returned Rabaul on January 27 after hav -130 ft of her bottom plating re ced in Hongkong. Damaged in een Carola Harbour when she it on a reef on November 1 last, vessel left Rabaul for Hongkong November 21 with 8 Europeans I a volunteer crew of 14 Rabaul inese landsmen. A company rep mtative, who was aboard, said t the repair job was done in 3 iks. He estimimated that it would e taken 6 months in an Aus ian shipyard and cost 3 times as :h, with poorer workmanship. A nace had been built for the ship 5 Chinese shipwrights in a week, about half the Australian cost.

AMIR AWAY:—The 4-masted que Pamir, well known in the ific and mentioned last month, red Hamburg for Buenos Aires February 11 on the first voyage new life as a German merchant me officers’ training vessel. She return to Germany with a cargo rain.

RAMPING: —Burns Philp’s twin w, 434-ton steel Hongkong t-and-registered Yanawai> largest el in the Fiji inter-island trade,

Top Left: “Destiny” ablaze and sinking Madang Harbour—Photo; W. B. Wood [?]an.

Top Right; Progress on the new Govern [?]ent slipway for the Noumea inter-island [?]et.—Photo: Robert Laubreaux.

[uit her customary beat in January d make a couple of special voyages o Apia and Nukualofa. Bound Apia, he ran into the heavy weather that ras then being experienced over a ide area of the South Pacific, but “ached port safely. The same blow ad demolished one of Apia’s navi ation light pylons and had greatly indered the loading of Matua, hich was at standby throughout er stay in port.

FOR CANTON: —Two Island laids-of-all-work were to visit anton Island in February. Tas an Steamship Co.’s 299 ton Vasu as heading there from Suva with j-go for that aviation touch-down ise, and for the British residents, he Eastern Samoa Government’s 8-ton Manu’a Tele, following an igine overhaul in Pago Pago, was so to visit the island, with a 11 at Swains en route. This vessel 11 later make chartered voyages >m Apia to the Tokelaus, in arch and June, for the New Zea id authorities. She is scheduled make runs to the Manu’a Islands, rt of E. Samoa, in April and ne. This converted Yard Mine r eeper (YMS) is available for arter voyages at all times, rrom Canton, in January, came ptain “Dusty” Miller and his ndering fishing vessel Joyiia call : at Apia en route to Suva.

)F Solomons Interest;

e British Solomon Islands Pro

tectorate’s former flagship Kuri marau, 288 tons, sold to Mr. Sverre Berg, of Palm Beach, Sydney, last July, is reported to be still lying at Ballina, northern NSW. Pur chased at a very reasonable price by her present owner, she is said to be for sale again.

Also in Ballina, and soon to make yet another attempt to reach Honiara is the BSIP Government patrol vessel Kovala, launched in Sydney in February, 1949, and still not in service after endless altera tions there and at Ballina, which she reached three years ago.

Noumea-Loyalty Service;

—Philante 11, beautifully converted ex-Fairmile naval launch, which Messrs. Rusden and Baker, of Auck land, brought out from - England and sold in Noumea in 1953, is now operating a passenger service to the Loyalty Islands under Government subsidy. Owned by well known Noumea pharmacist, F. Martinet, this 99-tons vessel was built 1945 with double diagonal mahogany planking by the well-known English yard of Camper & Nicholsons Ltd.

She is powered by a pair of 225-hp Gray Marine diesels and has ex cellent accommodation, including a spacious 28-ft by 12-ft deck lounge.

She is available for charter to parties of tourists who wish to cruise the New Caledonia coast and on-shore islands. Information is available through Noumea Tourist Bureau.

Noumea Slipway:—Good Pro

gress is being made on the con struction of a slipway for the New Caledonia inter-island fleet. The slip, which is owned by the Public Works Department and located on He Nou, Noumea, will take vessels of up to 1,000 tons deadweight. At present the only slipway at Noumea

is a small one owned by the Nickel Company, mainly for the use of its own launches.

STILL UNSETTLED:—There was a reminder of the stranding of the Mangola on Kar Kar Island (NG) in February, 1953, recently. Mangola it will be recalled, was hauled off the rocks by Bulolo and Malaita.

Salvage claims are involved. Burns Philp & Co, owners of all the vessels, anticipate that the claims will be settled by arbitration. How ever, when such claims have not been settled within 2 years of the event it is necessary to lodge a writ with the High Court to keep the matter open. This was the explanation of a February an nouncement in Sydney newspapers.

Mariposa Sails Again:

The well-known former trans pacific Matson-Oceanic liner Mari posa, withdrawn for war service in World War H, and eventually sold after a long post-war lay-up, com menced a new life late January when, as the Homeric, she cleared Trieste for New York as flagship of the Panamanian Home Lines.

The 26,000-tonner has been modern ised, with a new bow. She now carries 1,000 tourist-class and 147 first-class passengers, and a crew of 450, and will operate on the trans-Atlantic service and on cruises. It is possible that she will be seen in the Pacific again.

Second Thought:—Captain

A. H. Ferguson, recently appointed new marine superintendent in the Gilberts, who w r as to have arrived at Tarawa early in 1955 from Eng land, has resigned that position.

PERSONAL ITEMS: —Cap t a i n Carl Johnson, after leave in Syd ney, which included some work in

Australian coasters, flew back Auckland to again take comma of the Tonga Government ke; Hifofua. The vessel had gone sot for refit under command of mate, and was to return to Nuki lofa in February.

Mr. Willie Schutz, late skipper RCS Kia Kia, of the Gilbe

rtained his second mate’s ticket the January examinations in r dney.

Fiji Naval Reserve:—Officers

the revived Fiji Naval Reserve it have been announced. Lt.mmander G. R. Woods, a Suva siness man, who has been Naval hson Officer in Suva since the r. is in command. His officers ; Lt. S. B. Brown, late of GEIC er-island fleet: Acting Lt.-Com mder L. S. Whysall, late of Fiji fD engineering department: Lieu ant H. H. Hemphill, one of Suva’s mest amateur yachtsmen: Lt. f. Goldsmith; Lt. H. G. McLardy; b-Lt. J. B. Wisdom, Manager of AL’s Suva office: Sub-Lt. C. A. nson, well-known Suva photo pher. ’he unit’s flagship, a 72-ft. Sea rd Defence launch, will arrive m New Zealand later in the r.

REPORTED LOST:—Though no ails were available in Sydney in iruary, advice was received that Ua Teretia, Catholic Mission sel in the Gilberts, had become Jtal loss while en route to Suva her annual refit. The mission chased this Australian-built 75r essel as the Halgard early 1949, aming her after an earlier flon craft. In the latter part of !, returning to Tarawa after re in Suva, Santa Teretia went are on a Fiji reef. She was aged and repaired again in a. This was her first run south e that event. She had a cargo acity of 30 tons.

STILL: —T hose who :e navigation a hobby as well i job will find star navigation further simplified with the *al of AP-3270. These tables -only recentl y been published HM Stationery Office, London, igh they have been available in Tica as HO-249 for some years.

P contain in a single volume the pre-computed atlitudes of groups x stars, suitable groups of stars ng been selected to cover all tides. The full title is “AP3270, :h. 1955.0, Sight Reduction es for Air Navigation, Vol. I,” the price in London is £ll/-.

FOR SALE: —Tenders for the pur chase of the Tasman Steamship Co.’s 299-ton single-screw wooden motor vessel Vasu have been called,

to close April 29. Of very heavy construction, she was built in Italy in 1947. She has a hold capacity of 16,000 cu. ft and is powered by

“Melanesia” which Captain H. Frewen recently sold to Mr. C. F. Cliffe. She is on the Suva-Lau service.

Photo: Jack Thornton.

“Orsom-III” recently recetly Durchased by Institut Francais d’Oceanie for scientific surveys in New Caledonia waters.

Photo: Robert Laubreaux.

■3OO hp Ansaldo diesel. She is in

rvice, operating from Suva, at the

•esent time, and appears to be a ieful type of Islands vessel. Due

i the parent company being in

mkruptcy, Vasu has been operat g under a sibsidiary known as lands Trading Co. The company’s ti is still also in service and was cently in Sydney and Melbourne.

News of Cruising Yachts

I ARIES, 92-ft. gaff schooner owned American tobacco baron Richard J. molds, expected in Tahiti waters last iter, is now expected about July this r, via Panama. This beautiful English- It vessel will be based on Tahiti, where Reynolds has purchased a seaside perty as a holiday resort. i FELICITY ANN, and English owner i. Ann Davison, who sailed the At tic in 1953, should enter the Pacific Panama late March. Mrs Davison ed to clear New York late October, Miami, Nassau, Havana, and Kingston, m Panama she planned to sail direct Paneete, where she should appear >ably late May. Further ports are n as the Cooks, Tonga, Fiji, New idonia, and Brisbane, thence probably Moresby by late this year.

It will be remembered that a stir caused in Papeete and Honolulu last when Mrs. Kim Powell and her Iren, of the yacht WIND’S WILL, ienly left Papeete aboard the Boston it VENTURER, arriving some time ' at Honolulu. Mr. Powell flew to

Honolulu where legal action for possession of the children develooed, and received a great deal of publicity. Mrs. Powell was eventually given custody of the children.

In January it was reported from Honolulu that Mr Powell bad departed by air with the children for Florida, where he plans to reopen the case. • SEVEN SEAS II and “Stainless Steel” Murnan were brought to mind recently by receipt of a note at PIM office from Bill, at a US Pacific Coast address—still dreaming of Island days (and nights!). He mentions that he is constantly on the move—presumably in the land-cruiser which be exchanged for

Seven Seas 11.

• LANDFALL 11, after a rugged voyage from Auckland, reached Sydney on Feb ruary. 20. Formerly MAVOURNEEN, the 50-footer has taken part in two Trans pacific Races. • KYLIE of Sydney, reached Auckland February 12, on th-e first leg of a voyage to Tahiti. Some heavy weather was ex perienced but the 39 ft. steel yawl arrived in good shape. Owner Fink and com panions plan to move on at the end of March—after earning a little money ashore in Auckland. • Some will remember the American yacht CRUSADER which cruised the Islands in 1939. Skipper J H. Evans, now resident at Alverstoke, Hants., England, recently wrote to Oscar Nordman in Papeete and his letter indicated that he was acting as agent in England for Mr.

Reynolds, of ARIES. It is possible even that he is skipper of ARIES, though the

letter did not say so. ARIES is due Papeete in July (see elsewhere).

• Seven Seas Cruising Associa

TION:—We again draw the attention of world-girdling yachtsmen to the Seven Seas Cruising Association and its valuable and interesting monthly BULLETIN of letters from members. Every cruising yachtsman should be a member. Essen tial requirements are that he actually live full-time aboard a yacht and at least have the intention of going cruising. He must be recommended by another mem bcr and a letter to the Commodore in charge of the Bulletin, at P.O Box 163, Coronado, California, USA. will tell you where the nearest member is located.

Non-live-aboarders will NOT be accepted.

Every member is expected to regularly contribute useful and current information on conditions at ports of call advice and warnings on anchorages, and every kind of local information that is not available in the Pilot Books but which can save a yachtsman money or trouble and add to the smoothness of his cruise—the ship-chandler to avoid, the man who is likely to be helpful, the PRESENT leading marks (not the ones in

the 1950 Pilot!) etc. There are now over 50 members of all nationalities, includ ing many yachtsmen recently cruising in the Islands. Membership fee, which in cludes the Bulletin is, we believe, $3. An Association burgee costs §1.50, and back numbers of the BULLETIN 25 cents each (35 have now appeared). We repeat that only persons owning and actually living constantly aboard a yacht qualify for membership. 9 SOLACE, Commander Victor Clark’s 30-footer is, apparently, still undergoing repairs at Palmerston Island where she was thrown on the reef last year. Up to February we had received no word of a relaunching, and probably Commander Clark will not in any case attempt to move until April and the end of the hurricane season. • Rarotonga Sailing Club has been very active this season. On last advice the Ayson Cup and the Sails-and-Covers Cup (donated by the Auckland firm of that name, for MOTH-class boats) were each being battled for in regular week end heats.

NARROW SQUEAK: When the motor of the New Guinea coaster JABEROO broke down off the Madang coast last February, the vessel had a narrow escape from the reef. Efforts of the crew to tow her seaward with a surfboat seemed in pain, when an off-shore breeze fortunately sprang up, and she got away.

In The Gilberts: Captain G.

Douglas, lately of RCS TUVALU, left the Gilberts for UK on leave in February.

Captain MacAdie (who arrived there with

bis wife and family in January) took over

Tavalu.

WANDERER 111 and the Hiscocks re ported to PIM by airmail in February that they are snug in Capetown after a boisterous voyage down across the Indian Ocean to Durban. Arriving late October, they remained 2Vz months in Durban before heading “round the corner’’. They planned to sail in mid-March for St.

Helena, Ascension, the Azores—and home

in July. Eric Hiscock says WANDE 111 will be only the fourth English y to make the circumnavigation s World War I. The others were O’B in SAOIRSE, Muhlhauser in AMARYL and Worths, last year, in BEYOND, including the Hiscocks, were member Royal Cruising Club. The Hisc« incidentally, are members of the S Seas Cruising Association, mentioned where.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 103-112 (11 items)

101

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHIY - M A B C H , 1955

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We also stock all widths and weights of canvas.

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LISTING:

MODERN TWIN DIESEL CARGO VESSEL. — 142 ft. x 27 ft. x 9 ft. 5 in., steel construction. Class Brit. Corp. Special Survey 1954, dwt. 385 tons, good accommodation. £23,000 Sterling.

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Careful thought to local conditions resulted in this new craft, perfectly suited to island and river use.

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TOBACCO

ART POSTCARDS OF TONGA

Per Dozen (Including: a Tin-Can Mail Cover), Postage Paid: 6/- (or one US Dollar).

TONGAN PHOTOS BUREAU.

Nukualofa, Tonga

(§) w *

RABAUL,

New Guinea.

P.O. Box 22.

VOLKSWAGEN

Cars—Pick-ups

GRUNDIG

Radios Olympia Typewriters—NSU Motor Cycles—Continental Tyres and Tubes—HMG Diesel Marine Engines—Taifun Bicycles—Rolleiflex and Rolleicord Cameras—Petromax Pressure Lamps—Feuerhand Hurricane Lanterns— “Two Lions’’ Butcher Knives—Becks’ Beer— BREWO Canned Fish-Cigarettes—Provision s-Trade Beads—Cotton Piecegoods—Copra Sacks—Mosquito Nets and Blankets for native issue—BßEWO Brand Perlon Fishing Lines —BREWO Brand Briar Tobacco Pipes and a variety of other trade goods.

BRECKWOLDT & CO.

CABLES: "BREWO"

SUVA,

Fiji Islands.

P.O. Box 369.

HONIARA,

Brit. Solomon Is.

P.O. Box 42.

REPRESENTING

Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg, Germany.

Brewo-Italia 5.r.1., Milano, Italy.

Konishi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.

India & East Asia Exp. Co. S.A., Antwerp.

APIA,

Western Samoa.

P.O. Box 47

MERCEDES BENZ

Cors ond Trucks

BAYER

Medicines

SERVING ALL PARTS OF FIJI.

Carrying Passengers and Cargo

S.S. "Al SOKULA"

Motor Vessels: "KOMAIWAI" "TOVATA" (t/s) All equipped with Radio telephone. Operating to time-tables publishe in the Press and announced from VRH Broadcasting Station.

ISLAND TRANSPORT LIMITED.

Managing Agents: W. R. CARPENTER Cr CO. (Fiji) LTD.

SUVA. FIJI.

Telephone: 114—6 lines. P.O. Box 299.

MERCEDES-BENZ

MARINE DIESEL ENGINES

FROM 19 BHP TO 2,500 BHP

The engine illustrated is the model 0M636 giving 30 BHP at 2,500 RPM, weight 500 lbs. and is ideally designed for shallow draft craft working within the Pacifiic Islands Sole Pacific Island Agents:

VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD.

26 Bridge St., Sydney.

Cables: Venfura

102

MARCH, 1 9 5 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

103

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1955

104

MARCH. 1 9 5 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

105

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - M A R C H . 1955

106

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

107

1F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH 1955

108

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

109

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - M A R C H , 1955

110

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT Hi

Islands Yachtsmen

p. 113

113

Well Known to Pacific Islands Yachtsmen

iplets were born to a Fijian ier at Savusavu in February— second known case of triplets to Fijian parents.

[?]p: The Hotel Stuart, Papeete, which es the Tahiti Yacht Club on ihe d floor.

WER: Terry Hammond, well known in Islands, helped Mr. N. W. Thomas [?]t) deliver his recently acquired [?]ngoola” (below) from Brisbane to [?]ngton. Mr. Thomas, who is one of [?]ew New Zealanders holding a Yacht [?]er's ticket, plans to cruise to Poly next year, after making certain [?]tions to the big motor-sailer.

Another Us Plan

p. 113

113

For Tuna

May Be Based on Noumea

IF current negotiations are suc cessful, the South Pacific may be seeing another American- Japanese tuna fishing partnership —this time based on Noumea.

In mid-February, Mr. John Gizdavich, of the Columbia River Packers’ Association, Astoria, Oregon, USA, passed through Sydney after visiting Noumea. He jaid his organ isation was investigating the pos sibility of purchasing tuna from Japanese vessels operating- in the New Caledoni a-New Hebrides- Loyalties area.

The plan envisages an American refrigeration vessel stationed at Noumea. Fhh landed aboard that ship would technically be American produced, and thus would be free of the embargoes applying to foreign fish imported into the United States, The intention appears to

be either to can the fish aboard this vessel, or to ship the produce as refrigerated cargo, Mr. Gizdavich emphasised that the whole scheme is at present merely under investigation. Even if the necessary arrangements can be made in Noumea it probably would be some time before operations could be commenced.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 113-114 (3 items)

111

CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Gabriel Achun £R Co. Ltd.

The Pacific Islands Society

(Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons Interested in Islands affairs, are invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those interested in the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings, with lectures, are held at the Feminist Club Rooms, 7th Floor, 77 King St., Sydney; on the fourth Thursday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:—

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY.

Box 2434, G.P.0., Sydney. (The President may be contacted by telephone at XJ3205.)

w V' ■ m m & - IT S TIME YOU HAD A Sole Agents for Papua & New Guinea

GABRIEL ACHUN £r CO. LTD.

Molaguna Road, Rabaul P.O. Box 96 Telegrams:“GAßßlEL ACHUN,” RABAUL.

Sub Agency Enquiries Invited

TheoS3

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16 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

112

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

New Guinea Items—

p. 115

115

[ Continued From Previous Page

F More Planting Of Rice

Native rice plantings in the [ekeo region of Papua are expected > total 250 acres this year—7o tore than last.

An additional 50 acres may be anted if the ground dries out suf jiently to allow movement of achinery. The rains have handi ,pped planting this year—in one days’ period, 21 inches fell.

About half Mekeo’s native popula >n planted rice last year, and their ccess has influenced other villages.

Flying Doctor Service

Ihe Flying Doctor Service of Aus ilia has been discussing the pos

sibility of operating a base from Port Moresby, but no decision has been reached.

The executive thinks that some handicaps of isolation in the Terri tories could be eliminated by a mother station in Moresby. Many illnesses can be diagnosed by radio, and people can be treated by lay men, under radio directions from a doctor.

Possibly, Moresby would not be the best spot—there are other centres which could more adequately serve isolated areas. Recently Mr. Harry Bode suggested that Rabaul be used as a base for a flying ambulance, fitted with floats, to serve the Islands.

New Bridge Over Wahgi

Practically the whole European population of Western Highlands District, as well as several thousand natives, watched the official opening of a bridge across the Wahgi River on February 19. The bridge is be tween Nondugl and Minj, and gives cross-river access to the sub-district office at Minj. It was designed last year and built in a few months for the Administration, for under £2,000, by Joe Durbridge. The bridge is more than 200 ft long, 16 ft wide, erected as a single span-suspension type. fl Mrs. E. O’Brien, of Wau, New Guinea, has spent an extended holi day in Brisbane. Her son is a boarder at the Roman Catholic College, Downlands, at Toowoomba.

II Pastor J. W. Soloi, a Samoan, now visiting Australia, has spent the last six years in Papua as an LMS missionary. Before returning to Samoa, Pastor Soloi intends doing mission work in New South Wales and Victoria.

Advertisements & other items, p. 115 (2 items)

113

FIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H . 1955

Solution to Crossquiz From Page 82

Bouquet

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ID SALE* Attractive 61 ft. x 13 ft. 6 in. x 4 ft., twinscrew motor yacht.

' * The sh iP has only been 8 years in service. Is at present in and. 2 Buda, 80 H.P., 8 cyl. petrol engines. Bath and shower, frigidaire 1 double eroom, 3 single staterooms and a separate cabin for the skipper. Speed max. 11 ,s> cruising 8 knots. All teak construction. Lloyds survey report can be provided e: £ Stg.B,ooo—F.O.B. Dutch port. - * 1 •

72 City Chambers,

Auckland, N.Z.

C.P.O. Box 2642 ’Phone 44-745

Does—And How

p. 116

116

What A Credit

Union

AS a result of an offer of $l,OOO made by the Credit Union National Association in the United States recently, to help cover the cost of sending a Fijian trainee there, the Government of Fiji has agreed to find the remain ing costs and has selected Joni Naisare to undertake the special course in Credit Union manage ment.

Credit Unions have no connection with industrial unions. They are simply a form of savings and loan society, formed by a comparatively small group—such as the employees of a single factory. They pay in regular small amounts, and may borrow at reasonable rates of in terest.

Credit Union Headquarters in Suva gave an instance of one group’s operations. The union was formed in February, 1954, with 45 members.

By January, 1955, there were 59 and £377 had been saved. , Short-term loans had been made totalling £1,782.

All had been repaid on the due dates. At the end of the year, after expenses had been paid, and a cash honorarium given to the Treasurer-

Manager, the members drew a bonus of 31 per cent, on their shares.

This was merely one of a large and increasing number of groups formed in Fiji last year. With proper supervision the Credit Union, already operating on a major scale in Hawaii, appears well suited to Pacific Islands conditions.

H The Hon. G. R. Powles, High Commissioner for N Western Samoa, and Mrs. F leave Apia in the Beaverbanl month, and will spend s months in Europe. Mr. Fowl* had two strenuous terms in W> Samoa and has earned a he

Advertisements & other items, p. 116 (2 items)

114

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

Kerr Bros.

BLAXLAND - CHAPMAI

MARINE ENGINES » WONDER LAUNCHES • PUMPING UNI

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Excellent spares and service facilities available. 100 complete—The new 9-11 STUART Marine Diesel Engine.

Fall Specifications available—Enquiries to: RTR6/D1 50 H.P. Diesel Marine Engine—The ideal Petrol Diesel Conversion Unit.

THORNYCROFT (Aust.) Pty. Ltd

Telephone: FF4224.

Cables “Thornmotor,” Sydney.

Box 2622, G.P.O.

Sydney

Tongan Boxers In

p. 117

117

The News

ONTINUING his run of spectacular victories at Auckland. NZ, Tongan t-heavyweight boxer, Jonny Halafihi, January 24, defeated former middle fht champion of Australia, A 1 Bourke. afihi TKO’d the Australian in the ;h round of a scheduled 12-round fight. >r the first seven rounds both men ed hard and fast, keeping the packed lence constantly on its feet. Then, in the eighth round, the Tongan iccted with a hard right to Bourke’s . Bourke was saved by the bell. end came in the following round n the referee saved Bourke from lier punishment by declaring Haliflhi winner. aong the ringside patrons who essed the bout was Tonga’s Crown ce Tungi. The Royal family of Tonga taken a keen interest in the per ances of Halafihi and his fellow ans George Naufahu and Kitione ngan heavyweight boxer George Nau , now in Auckland, has signed a act to fight for the Australian Boxing Ha will leave for Sydney within months. His ring name will be fed to George Nafu. His real name ufahu Malekifitiki—a bit of a mouth er Australians. noan boxers Fossi Schmidt and y Ripley visited Perth in mid iry. Schmidt was scheduled to fight heavyweight Steve Zoranich. Ripley irs to have recovered from his recent s.

fixing Boom in W. Samoa

p. 117

117

fter a successful debut in Australia is Samoan protege, Fosi Schmidt Brownhawk), promoter Art Maw »f the Australian Boxing Club, re returned to Samoa in search of talent. Special bouts of likely pros were held in Apia. Samoan boxers, of whom started their careers under romotership of Eugene Paul at the have also done very well in NZ.

Van and Pusi Tau Leota this year he NZ amateur flyweight and light freight titles and P. Schmidt is doing fs a professional.

promoter Eugene Paul (centre) in ;s Australian promoter Art Mawson and Colin Mansell, before the if special talent-seeking bouts.

TT Miss Marie Drew, of Port Moresby, is one of a trio of bright lasses sail ing on the Strathnaver from Syd ney on March 19. They plan to buy a station-waggon on arrival in Lon don and to make a thorough in spection of the British Isles. Marie is the daughter of the late Mr. Les Drew, formerly of the staff of Steamships Trading Co., Papua.

t An interesting and well-illus trated booklet on Makogai Leprosy Hospital and settlement has been published by the Fiji Government Printer and is available at 2/- per copy, from that office. The text was written by Dr. C. J. Austin, CBE, who was Medical Superin tendent for 22 years, and describes the treatment given there.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 117-118 (3 items)

115

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1955

S. W. Davids & Sons

Cleveland Foundry

TOWNSVILLE, NTH. QUEENSLAND

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Cable Address: “Butterfly”

J finest

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Fiji Representatives: OCEANIA AGENCIES CO., P.O. Box 284, Suva.

ihfSIUM WORID

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AND LOOK at these Reductions

NEW PROGRAMME

“Annapurna” by Maurice Herzog 25/- 7/6 “The Singer not the Song” by Audrey Erskine . 15/- 7/6 “Fanfare For a Witch” by Vaughan Wilkins .. 15/6 7/6 “The Story of England” by Arthur Bryant . .. 20/- 7/6 “The Year of the Lion” by Gerald Hanley .. .. 13/6 7/6 “Seven Years in Tibet” by Heinrich Harrer .. 20/- 7/6 “Kingfishers Catch Fire” by Rumer Godden .. 15/6 7/6

SOME OF THE

PREVIOUS SELECTIONS

“TTia r!rni»l Sm” Vir XTi nc- to/ n m “The Cruel Sea” by Nicholas Monsarrat .. .. 16/- 7/6 “The Kon-Tiki Expedition” by T. Heyerdahl .. 21/- 7/6 “The Little World of Don Camillo” by Giovanni Guareschi 13/6 7/6 “My Cousin Rachel” by Daphne du Maurier .. 16/- 7/6 “Elephant Bill” by Lt. Col. Williams 26/- 7/6 “Appointment With Venus” by Jerrard Tickell .. 13/6 7/6 “Desiree” by Annemarie Selinko 18/9 7/6 Ask for a complete list of previous selections and rules of the Club.

SPECIAL ADDITIONAL SELECTIONS

Usual Club Price price “The World Over” by Somerset Maugham. A collection of the author’s best stories. (2 volumes) ‘ 56 /3 25/9 “Churchill’s War Memoirs” (5 volumes) !! £9/6/3 64/3 W,th the Wind ” by Margaret Mitchell .. 34/9 13/9 »T h £, Str . Uggle For Euro P e ” by Chester Wllmott . 35/- 14/6 A King s Story—Duke of Windsor’s Memiors” . 31/6 12/- “Boswell’s London Journal 1762-63” 26/6 12/- “The Drawings of Leonardo Da Vinci” [ .. 42/- 25/9 “The England of Elizabeth” by Rowse 41/6 13/- “The Fortunes of Richard Mahony” by Henry Handel Richardson 21/- 14/9 Plus postage.

HOW TO JOIN THE CLUB

Simply complete and sign the enrolment form below enclose your cheque, postal note or money order foi 12 months’ (or 6 months’) subscription and mail tc any branch of COLLINS’ BOOK DEPOT PTY LTD., MELBOURNE. Remember, it costs nothing to join the WORLD BOOKS CLUB —the book clut of quality. Your subscription covers cost of books and postage —there are no fees or dues whatsoever FREE f Each member introducing a nev r!Xtt * member to the Club is entitled to ons FREE book from previous selections in stock Members are also able to purchase past selections

at the privilege prices.

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BRANCHES; 93 Elizabeth St., 40-41 Aust. Arcade, 361 Swanston St., 622 Collins St.

Date 19. .

Please enrol me as a member of the WORLD BOOKS CLUB. I agree to accept and pay for at least six con secutive monthly books, and to continue my membership after that until I cancel it by one month’s written notice Name Mr., Mrs., Miss (In block letters) PIM/Marcl Address 12 Months’ Subscription, £4/10/-, plus 6/- postage 6 Months’ Subscription, £2/5/-, plus 3/- postage. Sub scription to be paid in advance and books will be posted regularly.

116

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Questions

pp. 119-120

119

120

Rabaul As

Cinderella

Town Council Asks Questions

i FEELING that Rabaul, once the L proud capital of New Guinea, is now being dragged ignomini sly at the heels of Port Moresby apital of the Dual Territory of ipua and New Guinea since the ir), showed up plainly in dis ssions at the February meeting the Rabaul Town Advisory uncil.

For example, Mr. P. L. James ted whether the building of haul town actually was subject any planning authority.

Jr. Don Barrett, MLC: There is Fown Planning Board that lives, ves and has its being in Port resby.

Ir. James said he had discovered it the reticulation of electricity the present town was based on -war plans which defined roads ich bore no relationship to exist roads, Works Department officials h whom he had taken up the tter confessed that they were ipletely baffled. He had seen a ailed plan for reticulation which 5 no relation whatever to exist conditions. [r. Barrett said the Town Plan ar Board (of Port Moresby) had er to zone Rabaul and proclaim is only after Rabaul had been ;laimed a town; and Rabaul had yet been so proclaimed. r. Barrett said that “this very ust body from Port Moresby” once visited Rabaul, and dis ed the town’s needs with various 1 bodies; recommendations had i made and discussed; but the unistration, which had the final “had just ignored Rabaul er badly.” The present position the fault of neither the Works artment nor the Town Board. strict Officer J. J. Murphy ex led that confusion had occurred use, originally, the re-building iabaul was not officially en aged, and housing and electrical s—for which there was an acute and—had been attended to on nporary basis. Then, when the mistration plans were changed it was decided that Rabaul Id be re-built on a permanent , as the District’s headquarters, ulties naturally arose. All sur marks were obliterated and dy actually knew the correct ion of the town until the ro sy was made. . James said that they appreci that aspect of the situation., the fact remained that the :s Department was trying to

carry out works on plans that were completely wrong.

MR. N. C. BARRY wanted to know who was in charge of tree-planting and of Queen Elizabeth Park —District Office or Agriculture.

District Officer Murphy said the position was not clear. Mr. Side

bottom was doing excellent work.

At one time he was employed by Agriculture Department. The latter repudiated him and, since then, he had been included in District Ser vices personnel.

Mr. Barry; But who do we see about tree-planting—District Com missioner or Agriculture Depart ment?

Mr. Murphy: At the moment I cannot answer that question.

Mr. BARRETT asked questions about the Police staff.

Police Superintendent A.

Rackemann said that it had been reported that 16 Europeans had been employed in Rabaul pre-war In his opinion the work could be done by 13.

Mr. Barrett: What is your present strength ?

Mr. Rackemann: Six officers and m Mr lf ßarrett asked the position in relation to police transport.

The superintendent said that at the Gaol they had one rebuilt Chev- Ford and one Ford utility, both over seven years old and both broken down. In the Fire section there was one 7-years-old Ford Fire Appliance, broken down. At the Police Station were one 4-years old International utility, broken down, and one Holden utility, in good condition.

Councillors, with an obvious effort, made no comment.

IT The Papua-New Guinea Deputy Registrar of Co-operative Societies (Mr. G. Morris), and two native Papuan co-operative movement lead ers, are due in Brisbane in March to attend a congress of Queens land co-operatives. The Papuans are Mr. Toua Kapena, of Hanua bada, and Mr. Gau Pako, of Pore bada (30 miles from Moresby),

Methodist Missionary Leaves Samoa

p. 119

119

right): Mrs. Powles, Mrs. Williams, the High Commissioner, Mr. G. R. Powles, the Rev. Mr. Williams, Mrs. Phillips, the Rev. Mr. Phillips (head of the LMS), and Miss Johnson, Miss Penty, Miss Schloss, Miss Bleazard, Mrs. Mapperson, all of the Methodist Mission. —Photo by R. F. Rankin.

After 15 years service in Western Samoa, the chairman of the Methodist Mission, the Rev. C. L. Williams, with Mrs. Williams and son Peter, returned to Australia. The new chairman will be the Rev. R. W. Allardice. Seen here at a farewell function in Apia are (left to

Advertisements & other items, p. 119 (2 items)

117

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

Day-Old Chicks

Restock with GAMBLE'S

Let GAMBLE’S CHICKS fly to you by Qantas , , T . Llane. Hundreds of satisfied customers throuehare ° l ur j 3est recommendation that Gamble’s Day-Old Chicks are the finest birds for the Tropics

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Day-old Pullets Cockerels 50 All £7/10/- 100 All £ 14/17/6 50 £3/-/- £3/-/- £3/-/- £l/10/- 100 £5/-/. £5/-/- £ 5/-/- £3/-/- All All £4/-/- £7/16/- Mixed Crossbreeds *OO 50 100 Rhode Is. Reds Blk. Australorps White Leghorns

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UJ 3721

Ownership Of Huge Slice

p. 120

120

Maoris ’ Startling Clatm.

Of Pacific

UP to February 23 of this year no one had ever laid claim to areas of the ocean more than 300 miles off-shore.

But, on that date, an application for the hearing of a claim to the entire Moananui-a-Kiwa (or Great Ocean of Kiwa) was lodged with a Judge of the Land Court at Kaikohe, NZ. The judge granted the applica tion and the preliminary hearing was to commence at Rawene, in the north of the North Island, on March 22.

The claimants, descendants of the great Polynesian navigator Kupe, petitioned Parliament and sought ownership of the ocean several years before World War 11, but the petition was then considered frivol ous.

The present applicants are Tamati Peehikuru, his brother Te Iwa Peehikuru, and others.

Whether the matter is simply one of prestige or whether the claimants expect some material gain, will not be known until the case is stated.

Kupe’s descendants are confident that they can establish ownership by discovery.

The Great Ocean of Kiwa is a rather ill-defined area of the Pacific.

But it certainly includes the wate between Tahiti, the Cook Islam and the North Island of New Ze land.

The Land Court, in February, w checking upon whether its jurisdi tion extended beyond the New Ze land high-water mark.

North-Wes[?]

p. 120

120

Justice For The

Letter to the Editor Regarding changes in ai port management at Nadi, seems to me that in genei something less than due credit h been given to Graham L. Walla< who (for my money) was the or standing manager at Nadi and whom I consider the present sat factory and attractive condition the airport is largely, if not sole due.

I have a feeling that ever sir that night the Editor of PIM vi hunted across the airport by bearded Sikh with a scimitar, a: his record of 7.2 secs, for the hu dred was refused official recogi tion, something less than full just has been accorded by PlM—not oi to the airport and all connect with it but also to the garden c: nearby, and indeed the whole the great North-West.

I am, etc. (sadly),

C. A. Adams

Lautoka, Jan. 29.

Advertisements & other items, p. 120 (2 items)

118

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Ametco

(D. M. KAMERLING, Manager.) 2-12 Carrington St., Sydney.

Telephone: BX 3695

WE ARE

(AUST.)

PTY. LTD.

Cables: Ametco, Sydney Codes: ACME

MANUFACTURERS' REPRESENTATIVES

and sell only those lines for which we have the sole agency in the South Pacific, such as:

FLOUR/SHARPS/WHEATMEAL

CANNED FISH (Dutch, Sth. African)

WALLACE’S SCOTCH WHISKY (Bottled in

Scotland)

BEERS

LEXINGTON CIGARETTES

TEA

ETC., ETC.

STRUCTURAL STEEL

CASTIRON PIPES

ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPES

WIRENETTING

FENCING WIRE

GALVANISED CORRUGATED IRON

CORRUGATED ALUMINUM SHEETS

ETC., ETC.

★ Your enquiries, preferably through your Buying Agents in Australia, about eeneral merchandise, building materials, technical and semi-technical articles will have our most careful and prompt attention.

Claim that P-NG Mining Needs

p. 121

121

A leaf from NT’s Book?

Claim that P-NG Mining Needs Stimulation

rpHERE is now no limit to the J. Australian Government loans available for the assistance of “pioneer mining” in the Northern Territory of Australia. These grants have been available since 1939 —but previously there was a limit of

£L.Ooo.

Cabinet has now decided that the Administrator of the Territory may advance £2.000 on his own authority; the Minister may approve larger advances, and ap plications for advances above £5,000 will be considered by Cabinet.

The grants are designed to help mining operations of all kinds where a considerable period of time —and, therefore, money—is needed to test or develop a mine.

The idea is highly commendable —but why limit it to the Northern Ferritory? If mining needs a boost anywhere it is in Papua and New Suinea. Some such aid is proposed for F-NG mining—but not on the STT scale.

No new mining enterprise has jeen undertaken in P-NG since the var; the hundreds of small-time niners who operated there before :942, are now raising cattle, growing :abbages or engaged in some other interprise. Gold-mining is left to i few big companies whose assets ire rapidly dwindling.

Trade figures for 1953-54. just ssued. show the position. Gold ex torts totalled £l,4l4,266—something ike £735.000 less than they were he previous year. Compare this nth the that copra irought in 1953-54.

What a different picture was pre ented before the war when the lew Guinea side of the Territory ot along very well on a gold conomy. In 1940, copra exports lere worth £504,000; gold £3,021,000.

There is little interest in mining -gold-mining or any other variety -in the Territory today. Prospec ing is too expensive a business. Yet : is difficult to believe that the ast untouched areas of the Terri- Dry do not hold valuable minerals till awaiting discovery.

Subsidy On Gold

Production

Application forms for claiming le subsidy under the Common ealth Gold-mining Industry As .stance Act are now available from De Lands Department. Port loresby; Mining Warden’s Office, 7au; and the District Office, roroka.

For the purpose of the subsidy, roducers are divided into large producing over 500 ounces per nnum) and small.

Small producers are eligible for a payment of a flat rate of £1 per ounce, payments to large producers are based on a formula according to cost of production, and the maxi mum payment is £2 per ounce.

More Minerals Staff

Wanted

The Administrator (Brigadier

D. M. Cleland) said late in Feb ruary that the search for minerals in New Guinea would be speeded up as soon as shortage of technical staff was overcome. He agreed there should be a greater impetus to the mining industry in New Guinea.

The General Manager of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. (Mr. John Hohen) after a brief holiday visit to mining operations in Mount Isa and Northern Territory, said he was surprised at the development— especially the stimulus uranium had given, mainly because the search for it had uncovered other valuable minerals. He said there should be greater concentration on the search for minerals in New Guinea.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 121-122 (2 items)

119

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Day-Old Clucks

CORDON VALE

February to December

FROM BLOOD TESTED STOCK.

Rhode Island Reds AusJralorps

White Leghorns.

AIR FREIGHT EXTRA.

(100 Chicks—l 4 lbs.) • - - < i TERMS.—S/- in £ Deposit and Balance 10 days before despatch or full amount with order.

Prices subject to alteration on variations in cost of production.

All consignments are accompanied by a Government Certificate of Health.

Special hatchings of Chickens for overseas are arranged to time with departure of planes to ensure the shortest time of the Chick from the Incubator to the Customer.

GORDON VALE STUD FARM & HATCHERY

Epping Road, North Ryde, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.

Phone; Ryde 30.

BANKERS.—Commonwealth Trading Bank of Australia, Epping. N.S.W.

Qrnotts a- Biscuits

There is no Substitute for Quality

The following varieties are now available for export in No. 8 size soldered tins (8 tins crated, 3 ft. 6 in. cu.) and i-lb. waxed packets in Cartons of permissible shipping weight (1 ft. 3 in. cu.).

Tib. o Not available in No. 8 tins, x Not available in packets.

CABIN BISCUITS

(As Supplied to the Royal Australian Navy) Single Tins. Approximately 30 lb. net weight per tin of I.C. plate 12£ in. x 121 in. x 18£ in.

Hermetically sealed with tagger top. Slip on lid spot-soldered.

Packed in cartons made of No. 2 board silicate gum sealed for permissible shipping uncrated, to hold one tin, size approximately 13 in. xl2 * n - xl9 in -» = 1 in. cu. (22 equal one shipping ton).

Or crated.—4 tins without cartons, crate size 19 in. x 26 in. x 28 in. 8 cu. ft.

WILLIAM ARNOTT PTY., LIMITED

HOMEBUSH, N.S.W.

From 4-gal Tins to Huge Storage Tanks

p. 123

123

When Mr. E. V. risp, who retired in ecember from the anaging - Director lip of Steamships rading Co. Ltd., of ipua, was in Syd y in February he is invited to the ices of the Vacuum 1 Co. Pty. Ltd., to *et some old friends the Sydney cific Islands trad l community, and jeive a present, rhe gift was made the Vacuum Co. in mowledgment of i happy relations it had existed for years between Mr. sp and its staff.

tefreshments were served, and dial goodwill expressed in some >py speeches. Vacuum’s gift took form of a handsome “Parker” k set. Mr. Crisp described the larkable growth of the big oil ipany’s Islands distribution chinery within three decades — n 4-gal. tins to huge storage ks.

Group shows (left to right) : Messrs. Charles Sullivan (C. Sulli van Ltd), E. V. Crisp, (receiving pre sent) , Eric Spring (Morris Hed strom Ltd), R. Gillespie (Robert Gillespie Pty. Ltd). H. Court (Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.), Norman Nel son (Nelson and Robertson Pty.

Ltd), R. K. Harvey (Vacuum Oil

Co.), L. Watson (G. S. Yuill and Co.

Ltd.), M. T. Cowles (general man ager, Vacuum Oil Co. Pty. Ltd., mak ing the gift). Present, but not in group, were Messrs. John Virtue (Burns Philp and Co. Ltd), R. W Robson (Pacific Publications Pty.

Ltd.) and F. Neville and George Lee (Vacuum Oil Co.).

[?]Range Aspect Of

p. 123

123

[?]lAN

[?]Sses In Malaya

AJOR ROBERT GENGE, officer commanding A Company, First Battalion, Fiji Infantry Regi it, was killed in a terrorist msh in Malaya on February 21. remarkable and unexplained ure of the ambush was that e other Fijian soldiers travelling i Major Genge in a jeep, were ed, when their ammunition was lusted; and one, Lieutenant ganivalu, had his wounds at ied to by the terrorists before departed on the approach of in reinforcements. ie action took place near the i of Yong Pen, Johore. A band 0 well-armed terrorists was in- Jd. ijor Genge, who was born in served with the New Zealand es in the Middle East in World 11. He went to Malaya late in His wife, who is in Malaya a daughter aged 8, had very re ly given birth to another hter. rly in February, Corporal ueh Komaiwai, of Lomanikoro, i, was killed, and two other n sffidiers wounded, in an ish in the Labis District of re. Two terrorists were killed two wounded in the clash. A lays later another terrorist was 1 and one Fijian wounded.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 123-126 (5 items)

121

IF/C ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

En Economisch

VOR KWALITEIT *

DELICIOUS PURE FRUIT JAMS

AND MARMALADES

In the 24 family and the handy 8 0%. tins I

IN ANY LANGUAGE

STANDS FOR QUALITY AND ECONOMY

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Registered Office: SUVA, Fiji.

Code Address; “BURNSOUTH.”

GENERAL MERCHANTS AND SHIPOWNERS

BRANCHES:

Fiji:-

Suva.

Levuka.

Lautoka, Labasa.

Samoa

Ba. Apia.

Sigatoka. Pago Pago.

Tavua.

Rotuma Island.

Norfolk Island. Niue Island.

Tonga:-

Nukualofa.

Haapai.

Vavau.

Agents for:— • Queensland Insurance Go. Ltd. • Burns Philp Trust Go. Ltd.

• Shell Company (P. 1.) Ltd,

ALSO AGENTS AND REPRESENTATIVES FOR:

• Ardath Tobacco Co. • Associated British Oil Engines (Exp.) Ltd. • Dunlop Rubber Co. Ltd. • Ferguson Tractors (Exp.) Ltd. • Hercules Cycle & Motor Co. Ltd. • A. J. Caley Gr Sons (Confectionery) . • Charles Hope Ltd.-Cold Flame Refrigerators. • Huntley Gr Palmers Ltd. (Biscuits) . • International Harvester Co. • Jantzen (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. • Joseph Lucas (Exp.) Ltd. • McAlpine Refrigeration Ltd. • McLeay Duff & Co. (Whisky). • S. Maw Son Gr Sons (Surgical Dressings). • Mullard (Overseas) Ltd. (Radios). • O'Cedar Ltd. (Oils & Mops). • Reckitt & Colman Ltd. • S.F. Appliances Ltd. • Slazengers (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. • Standard Motor Co. • Stewarts Gr Lloyds (Aust.) Pty.

Ltd.

Shipping, Customs and

Shipping Agents for

THE NEW ZEALAND SHIPPING CO.

LTD.

(Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND

PORTS to UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA.)

SHAW SAVILL & ALBION CO. LTD.

(Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND PORTS to the UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA; and

via AUSTRALIAN PORTS and SOUTH AFRICA.)

PORT LINE LTD.

(One Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEA-

LAND PORTS TO UNITED KINGDOM, via

PANAMA.)

COMPAGNIE DES MESSAGERIES

MARITIME S

(Regular First Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from FRENCH OCEANIA to MAR-

SEILLES, via PANAMA.)

BANK LINE LIMITED

BRITISH INDIA STEAM NAVIGATION

CO. LTD.

Also INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION REPRESENTATIVES for

QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

TASMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

BRITISH COMMONWEALTH PACIFIC AIRLINES

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AUSTRALIAN

CC UJ mm

SYDNEY

AUSTRALIA

FLOUR MILLERS

SUMMER HILL, NEW SOUTH WALES

Cable & Telegraphic Address: SUPERB, Sydney

PUBLICATIONS OF

PACIFIC ISLANDS

INTEREST

Pacific Islands Year Book. —Seventh Edition (1955-56) now being prepared. Publication about September, 1955. Price, 35/- (plus 1/3 posted) or $4.00 US.

Handbook of Papua and New Guinea. —Complete Compendium of Data relating to the Dual Territory. 320 pages. Includes Directory of all European residents, and of the leading Chinese residents; and full List of all Companies and Trading Firms.

Price, 15/- (plus 1/- posted) or $2.00 US.

Hands Off Pidgin English!—A defence of the “Commercial Lingua Franca” of New Guinea, and a Plea for its Official Use and Control; by Professor Robert A, Hall, of Cornell University, USA, Describes the Character and Value of Pidgin. Price 15/- (plus 1/- posted) or $2.00 US.

Pacific Islands Monthly.—The well known News-Review of the South Pacific Islands, now in its 25th Year of Publication. “The most readable News-Magazine published South of the Line.” Per annum, 24/-; French Pacific Territories, 27/-; United States, 3i dollars.

Quotations in Australian Currency.

Any of the above Publications may be obtained through Established Booksellers and Islands Stores, or directly from

PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS

PTY. LTD.

Technipress House,

27-29 Alberta Street,

SYDNEY.

Tel.: MA 9197, 9198. (Ten yards from Intersection of Gouiburn Street and Wentworth Avenue.)

ansomes

IVlciderrK

Peanut Machinery

Made by RANSOMES SIMS &

We offer today machines for picking shelling peanuts which are in a class their own.

Pickers are available for capacities ofi and 1.000 lb. per hour, while the hand sM illustrated will produce up to 75 lb. of dressed nuts in the same time. Our II sheller, 30 in. wide, has a capacity times as great.

Illustrated literature of these and our range of maize shelters, ploughs and f implements, etc., will be sent on applies Agents:—MOßßlS HEDSTROM R

Suva, Lautoka, Ba.

JEFFERIES LTD., IPSWICH, ENGLAND.

122

MARCH 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

123

iditors’ Mailbag p lge M >o

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY M A R C H , 1955

124

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT HI

New Bishop for Hebrides

p. 127

127

THE Vatican has announced that the Rev. Father Louis Julliard, SM, has been appointed Titular Bishop of Vulturia and Vicar Apostolic of the New Hebrides. The date of his con secration as Bishop has not yet been fixed.

Father Julliard, a Frenchman, went to New Hebrides in 1936, upon his ordination, and has given 20 years of devoted service to the Mission field. He succeeds Bishop Halbert.

Fiji Rice Production

p. 127

127

RICE production figures quoted in the 1953 Annual Report by the President of the Suva Chamber of Commerce indicate that with just a little more effort, local growers could make Fiji self-suf ficient.

During the season 1952-53, 15,500 tons of rice were harvested from 36,340 acres. In the season 1953-54, 34,880 acres yielded an estimated tonnage of 14,850. Imports of rice for the year 1952 totalled 843 tons valued at £62,446. Value of the 1953 imports were £30,517.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 127-128 (3 items)

125

'IF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY - M A R c H . 1955

Build

'out/ IS THE TIME TO

nov TTI f>Aih I 00/*\ I KiOAOO* ■'Lo.g’l I Uvinc Ra IP

But to get down to bedrock cost, you must adopt timber frame construction with walls— exterior and interior—

PLAN No. 244

FREE

Write to WUNDERLICH

LIMITED, Box 474,

G.P.0., Sydney, for FREE copy of HOME DESIGN

BOOKLET.

and ceilings of sturdy

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126

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS M O N T r

[?]ed in Moresby

p. 129

129

[?]nd Mrs. Vincent Chandler were [?]at St. John’s on the Hill, Port [?] on February 12. The bride, [?] Miss Jo. Inglis, of the Public Department, was given away by [?]nther, whose secretary she has [?] the past four years. [?]g the cake are Mr. and Mrs. Jim [?]on who were married at the Catholic Church, Port Moresby, on 29. The bride was formerly Miss nam, well known member of the resby Choral Society.

Something About G. And E.

pp. 129-130

129

130

Defence Of The

Coral Mariners

Ship Certificates

Letter to the Editor IWISH to correct an impression that tends to form when one reads your columns on Gilbert & Ellice Islands shipping—i.e., the operation of uncertificated vessels.

The vessels that operate within and without the Colony fly the Blue Ensign and are therefore Govern ment-owned, fulfilling a job of work which even private enterprise wouldn’t have on again. And, pro vided these vessels continue to fly the Blue Ensign, and private" firms refuse to operate shipping in the Colony, the G and E Government can please itself as to the type of certificated men they wish to carry.

It is only fair to suppose that the Government would not employ mad men or persons without any know ledge or skill of the sea and ships.

For years now, until quite re cently, most of the shipping in the Colony was operated by men who possessed Fiji Marine Board certi ficates, both on deck and in the engine-rooms. Some of these men, with Fiji Marine Board certificates, commanded their vessels under the

White Ensign during the war and transferred (still in command) to the Blue Ensign after the war. To my knowledge, all G & E vessels in normal operation have carried a man in charge with a certificate of some sort.

It is true that the engine-rooms of these vessels in some cases carry uncertificated engineers, because qualified marine engineers refuse to serve in the tropics in such vessels.

However, in all instances, such un certificated chief engineers are guaranteed by the Fiji marine engineering firms which are respon sible for the overhaul of the engines in the G & E Islands fleet when in Fiji for overhaul.

Some years ago, the then Marine Superintendent of the Western Pacific High Commission—an extra master and a full commander in the RNR—advertised for foreign going engineers. The only response he got were British naturalised sub jects who had German and Polish certificates—men who did one tour of duty only and did not seek a re-engagement.

At this time there was mooted an idea of bringing out to G & E Colony English marine officers with the necessary qualifications. This idea was laid to rest by the then Marine Superintendent, not only be cause of economy but also with the contention that men who have had

experience only in fog-bound con ditions would not be able to com pete with men raised in and abound the coral of the Islands. It was then, and only then —that the validity of Fiji certificates was re cognised by the WPHC in a foreign going capacity. A comprehensive re port was drawn up advocating the use of the Fiji certificates and de tailing the different rates of pay.

Not one of the vessels in the WPHC fleet carrying Fiji certificates has been lost or suffered a major engine defect that has necessitated a tow back to Fiji. In the two major marine disasters in Gilbert waters, involving the loss of both vessels, foreign-going masters were in command.

The issues have no doubt been clouded to a certain extent by a beach-combing variety of master mariner—foreign-going men who drift from job to job, and in some cases have wrecked ships or been connected with a shipwreck. These are the types who sometimes sit on the beach and mysteriously assert that the WPHC are operating un certificated vessels.

I am, etc.,

Old Resident.

Auckland, NZ.

ti Pastor and Mrs. G. E. Mitchell, of the Seventh Day Adventist Mission, have just retired after nearly 30 years’ work in Papua— they arrived in Sydney harbour in January, exactly 28 years, to the day, after they had departed for the mission field. Both are certific ated nurses of the Wahroonga Sanatorium, and both combined medical work with their church work in Papua.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 129-130 (2 items)

127

Flc ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1955

Aerated Waters

A homely,dignified

atmosphereHlg

& Sydney's most exclusive social rendezvous in the heart of King's Cross and only 4 minutes from the = , E , v ® r y conceivable hotel service is at your call' Tariff: 31/6 per person B. and B. Other meals k la carte. brands wines, ales and spirits available. 111 ■ In the heart of King's Cross Sydney.

Cables: HAMPCOR. Telephone: FA 7081.

HYGIENIC HIGH-CLASS HEALTHFUL

AERATED WATERS

Manufactured by the

RABAUL CORDIAL FACTORY

Malaguna Road, RABAUL, NEW BRITAIN

OUTSTATION ORDERS WILL RECEIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION

roprietors: GABRIEL ACHUN & CO. LTD. Telegrams: “GABRIEL ACHUN,” RABAUL.

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IMMEDIATE DELIVERY Anywhere in tne Pacific.

DON'T BE HELD UP: Let us deliver our motor for fitting, before returning your old motor to us.

ONLY the best materials and workmanship are used.

PETROL

Austin 4-litre £75 Austin A7O £55 Austin A4O £45 Austin 10 h.p £45 Austin 8 h.p £45 Armstrong-Siddeley £ 55 Bedford 27 h.p £65 Bedford 10-12 h.p £45 Chrysler £ 70 Chevrolet £ 65 Commer 4 cyl £45 Commer 15 h.p £6O Commer 6 cyl £75 Consul £ 55 De Soto £7O Dodge £7O Fargo £ 70 Ford A £35 Ford V 8 £7O C.M.C. all models £65 Holden £ 50 Hillman £45 Humber Hawk £6O Hudson all models £75 International £75 Mercury £7O Morris 8/40 £45 Morris 12/4 £5O Morris Oxford £55 Morris L.C. P.V £55 Oldsmobile £ 75 Plymouth £ 70 Prefect and Anglia £45 Peugeot 203 £45 Renault 12 h.p £45 Renault 760 £45 Standard 8-10-12 h.p £45 Studebaker £ 75 Vanguard £55 Vauxhall 14 h.p £55 Vauxhall 10-12 h.p £45 White WA2O £l3O Willy s £45 Jeep £45

DIESELS

Atkinson £ 165 Dodge £ 165 Morris Saurer £ 130 Perkins P 6 diesel £165 Sceddon £ 165 Cable or write today to:

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Sidelight On An Island

p. 130

130

Dynasty

BACK in last century, a trai named Murdoch attained, position of considerable fluence in the Southern Gilt Islands—he was, for a time, als< prominent official of the Admi stration.

He married a Gilbertese, and t had a daughter, Agnes. Ag Murdoch was still educated, s was notable in her day as a yoi woman of considerable charm. ! married Tokatake, who was a I or minor king, head of Abemama Island community. T had a son, Tekinaiti, and he i is the sixth Uea of Abema Tekinaiti married the daughter James Smith, a trader, and Nauruan wife. Agnes Murdo now advanced in years, is still honoureo resident of Abema A photograph of Agnes Murd and her son Tekinaiti was taken the editor of PIM when he vis; Abemama, and published in 194 Reference to Agnes Mur do marriage is contained in Dynasty of Abemama”, by R.

Roberts —one of several interest articles in the last issue of Journal of the Polynesian Sod

French High Commissioner in New Hebrides

p. 130

130

The High Commissioner for France in the Pacific, M. Rene Hoffmeyer, proceeded from his headquarters in Noumea, NC, on an official visit to the New Hebrides, in February, and called at most of the principal stations. In this photograph (by Fung Kuei) he is seen in a Fila Island

Tillage, where the natives present*; special display of dancing in his hoc Those in the group, left to right: Grs- Kalsakau (the village chief), M. i M. Marcel Agostini (French Resg Commissioner) and the High Conn sioner.

Advertisements & other items, p. 130 (1 item)

128

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT HI

Acidulous Exchanges At Congress

pp. 131-133

131

132

133

birthright Criticism by Administrator

Of P-Ng Rsl

[ From Our Own Correspondent LAE, Feb. 28.

PENING the sth Annual Con gress of the Papua-New Guinea branch of RSL, the Admin ■ator (Brigadier D. M. Cleland) 1 there had been a tendency for League, or its executive, or for i of its Sub-branches, to make tests or pass resolutions on tters which in reality had noth to do with the League.

Phis tendency to become vocifer on matters which are not with he League’s charter is one which it be watched with the utmost tion,” he continued. “Entering > fields of public controversy ‘re it cannot be said, by any tch of imagination, that the sub is the concern of returned men women, is to bring the League the realm of politics or into category of a pressure group. . . rake, as an example only, the >tion of liquor for natives. When first Ordinance came before islative Council there were pro -3 from the League with regard section 9, which gave power to Administrator to exempt certain ves and the provisions of the [nance.

Jthough the Ordinance was ented to by the Governor-Gen it was subsequently announced no implementing Regulations Id be made under Section 9. s, the Section is inoperative and 1 prohibition prevails to-day. All has happened since then is that ive stated on a public occasion further consideration should be i to this question, gain the RSL voiced opposition, he fresh proposals to come be the Legislative Council are not ;t known. It is rather premature anyone to be fully critical of ithing of which as yet they do know the details. . . he question of liquor for natives matter which does not concern League as such, because under circumstances can it be said any of its objects or its policy the League the right to state /lews on a question of this re.”

IGADIER CLELAND said that f a member of the public, who s also a member of the RSL, true objections to any policy iy administrative action or de i which is outside the realm of League, it was perfectly com it and right that he should his views; but he should not he RSL as a platform for that Dse. ne men were still playing on

the fact—and that fact alone—that they were ex-servicemen and there fore every door and channel should be open to them. Fortunately that number was in a minority—but so often the minority could besmirch the name of the majority.

Brigadier Cleland’s indignant re ferences to the wreath incident at Lae are reported elsewhere.

THE Committee subsequently said that the League had no inten tion of relinquishing its right to put the views of the public before the administering body. It bitterly resented the remarks of Brigadier Cleland and would ignore his ad vice not to interfere in political matters which had nothing to do with the RSL as an organisation— as the RSL believes these matters do concern the League.

The statement said the League was fully aware of its obligations under its Constitution, and affirmed that it was competent to consider such matters in the interests of ex servicemen and women in the Territory. It would continue to exercise that right.

On the question of “some men playing on the fact that they were veterans,” the statement said it agreed there were some people in this category in the Territory. How ever, it was certainly not the policy or the intention of the League to assist or sponsor those who did not show the desire to help themselves.

Congress considered it was the duty of the RSL to do its utmost to assist in the everyday life of the Territory. To this end it considered that the Administration should wel come any efforts made by the League which would be not only in the form of constructive criticism but in the form of well considered advice and co-operation.

New President Appointed

Widely known Territorian Mr.

Bob Bunting has replaced retiring President Mr. George Whittaker, MLC, as leader of the Papua-New Guinea State Branch of the RSL.

Mr. Bunting, who has business in terests at Samarai, Popondetta, Lae, Goroka and other Territory centre*, defeated Mr. John Stokie, of Rabaul, by 870 votes to 185 for the coveted honour.

After five years as President, Mr.

Whittaker retired, so as to give more time to his cocoa plantation, near Lae, his professional duties as optometrist, and his work as MLC He announced his retirement four months ago.

The three Vice-Presidents for the ensuing year are Mr. John Stokie (New Guinea Islands), Mr. WaPy

Watkins (Papua) and Mr. L. M. (“Pat”) Henry (New Guinea Main land) . State secretaryship is again in the hands of Mr. James Knight; Honorary Auditor is Mr. E. V.

Davis; honorary treasurer is Mr.

Bill Fuller: and the Trustees are Messrs. Henry Eekhoff and John McKean.

Sub-Branches through the Terri tory were represented at Congress as follows; Bulolo Mr. B. Scholes Goroka Mr. J. Gray Kavieng Mr. J. McKean Kokopo Mr. K. Jones

(Continued on Page 131)

e Mr. C. Wilkinson idang .. Mr. C. H. Wheatley rt Moresby Mr. W. W. Watkins baul .. .. Mr. John Stokie marai .. .. Mr. R. Bunting tiano .. .. Mr. C. Hendrick iu Mr. N. Wilde

iwak .. .. Mr. H. Thompson

. W. C. G. Roberts, lately man of the ANZ Bank at Newcastle, , has been appointed manager le bank’s Suva office, in suc >n to Mr. W. J. Lahore, who been transferred to Brisbane, iahore achieved marked success itroducing the ANZ Bank to

Advertisements & other items, pp. 131-132 (3 items)

129

IFIC ISI4NDS MONTHLY-MARCH. 1955

Bestores Youth

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130

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

[?]Or Pacific Radio Amateurs

p. 133

133

Conducted by Ex ZK-1-AC/VR-2-AK

tOM Apia we heard that the RNZAF Sunderland from Fiji was expected to make a Tokelau Is. flight north on morning of February 23, and return following afternoon. Calls were to be i at Nukunono and Fakaofu, middle southern atolls respectively, and the t was to be spent at Nukunono. ;her Jerry-VR2AB, who replaces le-VR2BZ in the RNZAF, was aboard.

or whether any hamming activities took place this time, was not known in Sydney up to early March. It had been predicted that probably a ZK3 prefix would be allotted for future Tokelau operations.

Next possible visits by ZMfi Hams will be in March and June, when the “Manu’a Tele” makes charter voyages north.

There is word from Honolulu that officials of South Pacific Airlines went down to Palmyra atoll in January to make preparations regarding ground facilities for the Honolulu-Papeete air service, so hamming activity from there seems nearer.

No news was available in Sydney of whether or not the Cocos Island (Pacific) February expedition eventuated. . Call was to be TI-9-MHB, and two W’s were in volved—W6UXX and W6MHB. All bands from 10 to 160 metres were to be worked.

We note from "Amateur Radio” that VR2CG has been very active on 50 mc/s recently, with contacts as far as VK6.

FKBAB, listening on the same band, has copied VK2/4/5 and ZL-1/2.

Also noted is the transfer of Frank- VK2WZ from Manus to Laverton, Victoria.

Suva oldtimers will be interested to know that VK4KJ on Thursday Island.

Bill Sawyer, was formerly VP-l-WS. first Ham ever to operate from Suva. Oldest oldtimer in Fiji to-day is probably Frank Fleming, licensed as VR2AW 7 . but not very active, apart from skeds with Suva Hams from his island hideout within sight of that city.

Notes—and photos—from Island Hams for this column are always welcome.

t Santa Teretia, Catholic Mission vessel in the Gilberts, under com mand of Brother Gautier, became a total loss, on Nikunau atoll, early January, when she was blown ashore, following an engine breakdown. No lives were lost. (See News of Small- Ships.)

Advertisements & other items, p. 133 (2 items)

131

FIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

L Meeting—from p. 129

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p. 134

134

New Guinea Catholic Missionary’s Impression:

From a Roman Catholic Missionary who recently visited the Southern Highlands District, in the Centre of New Guinea.

IHAVE been to Mendi, Rumu (Tari) and Lake Kutubu—a very interesting trip, indeed.

There is a big population, especi ally in the Tari— about 100,000 be tween the Waga (East), the Strick land (West), the NG border and 6 deg. South.

The natives I met around Mendi and Rumu are a very interesting people. They are the same type as at Mt. Hagen, strong and healthy, full of life, and always ready for a good laugh.

But what surprised me mostly (after 18 years spent in the Kairuku district and a few trips in the Goilala) is that they are really good workers! They have well-cultivated gardens and seem to be always ready to give a hand to anybody. I also found them quite intelligent.

Only a small portion of the dis trict is under the full control of the Government. There is still some tribal fighting, “For them, it is just like a match of football is for us,”

a Patrol Officer said. “They have a good fight to settle a dispute and when one or two have been knocked down, the opponents have a good feast together.” (I suppose this is a fight among “friends,” not between enemy tribes!).

I found most of the Government officers very efficient and really anxious for the good of the natives.

They have not the Utopian idea of bringing the whole district under control within a few months, as sug gested by Canberra. They prefer to go slowly, imposing the Govern ment law only after many patrols, introducing new food to the natives (corn, peanuts, European potatoes, cabbages, pumpkins, tomatoes) and giving them medical treatment as soon as (but only when) they suc ceeded in making them understand the good of it.

I reckon these natives will come under control rather easily, because they are essentially farmers. But to rush it would only mean spoiling the good work already done. They have certainly been very carefully handled up till now around Rumu.

They still have the qualities of the unspoiled natives, simplicity and hospitality (plus the idea of work,

so lacking in many other prime tribes); and they are now o peaceful, happy-looking and frier around the station, building dr. and roads and making nice,, gardens.

It was a grand sight for mr see those rich, populated, valleys, at about 5,000 ft. I am there will be great possibilities there when the country is open: cattle, coffee, all European v tables, etc. * * * A coastal native told me the o day that, in his village, they been discussing those people in Tari. Some old fellow got the that these people must be their' ancestors, coming back on eartf a better place.

“I don’t know where they < from,” I said, “but you can be that they are not your ances: because these people do world t According to a Melbourne o Mr. Werner Winkler, a Swiss stu of archaeology, has recently ar: in the New Hebrides to searcH a “lost tribe” of pygmies. How became lost is not stated, but statement that a French “* pany”—not a scientific institutr financing Mr. Winkler on a year search, seems to suggest there is money in pygmies, ones or another.

Advertisements & other items, p. 134 (2 items)

132

MARCH. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

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pp. 135-137

135

136

137

examination of Pacific Islands Economy

The Coconut?

KE importance of the coconut in the economy of the South Pacific, and to the well-being of ; islanders, is too great to allow itinuance of existing conditions, ieed, no other primary industry i take its place, either as a cash )ducer, or as a means of sub tence. lone realises this more than the inders themselves. That might ; have merited mention a few irs ago, but we are fooling cur ves if we do not recognise that greater share in economic ex ision will be taken by the inders before long. it least 63 per cent, of the ion’s exports come from the onut. In most of the territories ra is the major export. Secondary ustry cannot be a noticeable ex t factor in any part of the region the foreseeable future, nor can r other primary crop seriously eaten the importance of the enut; it is certainly difficult to ,gine any other crop taking its ;e for subsistence purposes, ven if the importance of the mut as an export crop declines, muld have to be maintained for purely domestic value as a food, the basis of toddy, as a raw erial for the healthiest housing the islanders, and for the many ul indigenous purposes to which husk is put. he islanders realise this, and e advocates its replacement in subsistence economy. All dis cern, indeed, is on the basis of improvement, both in yield and ity, for domestic use, as well tor cash purposes. gures available from the vari territories of the region show value of the coconut as a cash ider, both for the European for the native. The total Kity exported from the South he in the form of copra 'oxunates 150,000 tons a year, the export value in Australian ency not far short of £8,000,000. n, whose primary production is more diversified than that of any other single group, pro -5 an example of the coconut’s e in the export market. The value of exports from the P is in the region of £8,000,000. ir accounts for about £2,900,000, a, coconut oil and coconut meal about £2,200,000, gold a little * than £1,400,000. An industry accounts for about a quarter ie value of exports, in addition oyidmg a staple food of almost the population, cannot be

ignored—or neglected.

That the Government of Fiji has no intention of allowing that to happen was shown by its offer to the South Pacific Commission to underwrite £lO,OOO towards the cost, in the first year of a campaign to find means of eradicating the rhinoceros beetle.

But Fiji is not standing on coco nuts and sugar alone as the main primary products of the' group.

Rice-growing is likely to become an important export crop should plans now being developed fructify. Some rice is exported now. Land reclama tion, drainage and irrigation pro posals could, when in operation, in crease production by 22,000 tons, which is double the existing pro duction. If that figure can be achieved, about 15,000 tons will be available for export each year.

Rice can become a valuable addi tional subsistence (perhaps export) crop in several of the South Pacific territories, and evidence accumu lates that practical steps are to be taken to expand or encourage its cultivation, primarily for subsist ence.

Encouraging signs come from the New Guinea territories of official activity in the promotion of rice-growing in the villages. In some other territories this promo tion has not as yet advanced be yond the possibilities stage—a good thing, maybe, as it could be foolish to ask the islanders to grow rice before basic studies proved the suitability of areas for its growth.

IT can be accepted as general policy that the present-day in quiry into an Islands economy based on more than the long established coconut is designed to improve the living standards of the indigenous people, and to see that

Northbound per SOOCHOW In February: Mr. G. B. Dunbar (to join the staff of Steamships Trading Co., Port Moresby) and Mrs. Dunbar.

Lower; Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Sefton, of Koitaki Rubber Plantation, Papua, return ing home after vacation.

»y get a greater return from the jfits of industry. That pre-sup ses a greater participation in inds industry on a cash plus sub tence basis. That it should be y on a subsistence basis is rapidly «ing out of economic thinking >ut the region. i deliberate statement that did ; go unnoticed at the second ith Pacific Conference in Noumea t April, was that made by a egate from American Samoa: e must provide against our most )ortant product being the cheap, killed labour of our people.”

I the economy of the South lific is to be widened and if the mut is to play a less important t in that economy in, say, the t fifty years, a large part must played by the Islanders in the nary industries, in which increas y they must become owner-pro ers for cash, as well as for sub jnce.

VO crops, long established but never very important to the economy as a whole, come to d as being amongst the village istries that could supplement coconut as cash producers— ee and cocoa. he main commercial producers ;offee in the South Pacific are r Caledonia and New Guinea. largest producer is New Cale la, where, it is said, 60 per ceift. ;he coffee is grown by the in nous people. >coa is grown in several terri es; most efficiently in Western 10a where its export value is ter than copra. Cocoa could be mded elsewhere in the region, rding to experts, and if the re -5 of preliminary work are satis ory it certainly will be in New lea and Fiji. i expert made a study of the :ing condition of both crops for South Pacific Commission, and e suggestions which could re in both crops (cocoa especially) ming more important in the all economy. Limiting factors d by the expert (and others ; done the same) were the cost availability of labour, lese are also amongst the )rs that have led to the con on that it will not be possible levelop tea-growing commerci in areas climatically and rwise suitable for this crop, icularly New Guinea, le statement of the American oan delegate notwithstanding, [slanders must provide much of labour force for the develop t and operation of industries in ral of the territories, if they to expect that the future of the )n will be based more on a sy economy that it is now. They oil, rubber, timber, mining, ng (a sadly neglected field both inancial entrepeneurs and by islanders), to name only a few iary industries that need a

labour force for development.

Secondary industry, the development of which many Islanders appear to favour, will depend even more on their labour than the primary industries.

TT should also be recognised that 1 some of the Territories may be expected to expand along lines that will put food producing industnes in a minor place. New Cale- ££ nia i is / ar \ exa ™Pl e Mmerals (nickel and chrome im- JJ9 r ih?f S eal ! th P r °du. c ers of that territory. If plans outlined to me in Noumea a few months ago

outnarp’ pvpr^nroippt^nr 4^ tL” 1 ?

outpace every project for the expansion of agriculture. In fact, excepting for copra and coffee, primary industry cannot be expected to SfnoH S y “ N6W Caledonia ’ s expon iraae.

Papua and New Guinea are Terntones where the expansion of industnes that call for the impetus the financial entrepeneur rather than the small-scale effort of the indigenous people, must assume first place in development plans.

Alreiidy, in Papua, the value of rubber in the exports table is ten times that of copra whilst in New Guinea gold IS second only to copra.

TTOWEVER, it seems that, ex cepting for the examples men tioned above, the coconut will continue the most important and valuable regional crop, both for cash and subsistence, for a long time. b ™f e both in t he fields of expansion, better cultivation and processing methods, and of disease and pest eradication.

Everyone associated with the in dustry has spoken in the highest terms of thr work being done, and the a d V i Ce given, by Mr. W. V. D.

Pe i ris tnp pxnerf pne-ae-pd hv thp Commission to study the coconut in the resrion Results of his ohserva

tions lhould bl available soon fn

& e form of a comorehensh’e re nort comprenensive re- The second major event affecting the industry, that has encouraged those who may have been growing pessimistic, is the Commission’s decision to embark upon a vigorous, scientific campaign to find means of eradicating the rhinoceros beetle, As things stand at present, few will argue with the view that if all is well with the coconut industry, all will be well with the economy of the South Pacific as a whole. (Continued Next Page)

Another Alternative Crop

A coffee plantation established at Aiyura, NG Highlands, in 1946. —Photo by Pastor Campbell.

Advertisements & other items, pp. 135-137 (4 items)

133

1F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY-MARCH, 1955

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134

MARCH, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT!

135

CIFIC ISLANDS M O N T H L Y - M A R C H . 1955

Planting Efficiency

Apparent Decline in Planting Efficiency

By Charles E. Sayers

Students of south Pacific economy have become increas ingly critical in recent years of reliance on the coconut as the main cash and subsistence crop of the region.

Belief that this has had a retard ing influence on overall economic development has been hardened by growing insistence, amongst the more sophisticated islanders, for a greater share in the returns from products of the region, and for the introduction of other cash crops, as a supplement to the coconut.

The existing essential facts about the coconut are well known. Many palms are ageing; too many have been neglected; too great reliance has been placed on easy gathering of the copra from the islanders; too little thought has been given to replanting, introducing new varieties, practising better methods of cultivation of copra storage and processing; too little attention has been paid to cleaning up planta tions, and to prevention and cure of diseases of the palm and control of pests; too little of the profits won from the coconut has been ploughed back —and that is bad business in any industry.

There are reasons for some of these things. Labour cost and shortage is one of them; war dam age another; the lack of uniform quarantine regulations yet another.

Uncoordinated efforts to stamp out diseases and pests of the palm, as between the various territorial ad ministrations, can also be cited as a major reason for decline in the

health of plantations and islanders’ gardens.

But none of these reasons, or any others that may be advanced, can excuse the apparent decline in the efficiency of the coconut-growing industry. It should be a major con cern of everyone connected with the industry to do everything possible to arrest that decline.

Japanese Around Solomons

THE MV Betua, with Mr. E. A.

Brown (Government Entomolo gist), and Mr. P. J. A. Barrett, returning to Honiara from Lord Howe Atoll, sighted the wreck of a Japanese fishing vessel on the Ron cador Reef, near Lord Howe Atoll.

The wreck bore the number “12” and was reported by Lord Howe natives to have gone up on the reef about two months earlier. No bodies were found. The Betua returned to Honiara on February 10.

A Japanese fishing vessel which went on a reef near Marau (SE Guadalcanal) was later refloated and towed by two more Japanese vessels to shelter in Kaukau Bay.

All the ships were due to leave for Japan on February 9, the damaged vessel being towed. fl Colonel H. T. Allan, formerly of New Guinea and now settled at Woolgoolga, North Coast of NSW, became ill at the end of January, and was obliged to undergo a course of treatment at Yaralla Hospital, Sydney. He has made a satisfac tory recovery, and expects to spend a few quiet weeks at Bayview, Syd ney, before he leaves, with Mrs.

Allen, on a leisurely world tour.

Rapid Education Progre[?]

In W. Samoa

IN no country in the world there been greater educatiu progress since World War II t) in Western Samoa. That was opinion expressed by Dr. C., Beeby, Director of Education!

New Zealand, in an address?

Wellington after a visit to Sam In 1945, most of Western Sam teachers had only a fourth stano education; the chief inspector primary schools had not b • educated beyond the sixth stand There was only one small secom school, and there was terrific a crowding and under-staffing.

By 1952, the size of classes dropped to 33 average, as schools were built and staffing proved. £158,000 was spent in ; compared with £16,000 in 1945.

To-day there are four student Otago Medical School; many fi trained Samoan teachers workin their own schools; others were; tending University and trail college courses in NZ; many edi tional books in Samoan were a 1 able.

After Many a Coner